Mating disrupts morning anticipation in Drosophila melanogaster females.

After mating, the physiology of Drosophila females undergo several important changes, some of which are reflected in their rest-activity cycles. To explore the hypothesis that mating modifies the temporal organization of locomotor activity patterns, we recorded fly activity by a video tracking method. Monitoring rest-activity patterns under light/dark (LD) cycles indicated that mated females lose their ability to anticipate the night-day transition, in stark contrast to males and virgins.

The Burden of Cost in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Medical Economic Perspective and the Future of Value-Based Care.

Purpose Of Review: To examine the quantifiable economic impact of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), key cost drivers and determinants, and the impact of value-based care in IBD. Finally, we prognosticate on future directions and opportunities on healthcare economics in IBD.

Recent Findings: New value-based initiatives, technologically driven interventions, and quality improvement programs have demonstrated reductions in healthcare utilization and enhanced patient outcomes, and several have realized cost of care reductions.

Spontaneous circadian rhythms in a cold-adapted natural isolate of Aureobasidium pullulans.

Circadian systems enable organisms to synchronize their physiology to daily and seasonal environmental changes relying on endogenous pacemakers that oscillate with a period close to 24 h even in the absence of external timing cues. The oscillations are achieved by intracellular transcriptional/translational feedback loops thoroughly characterized for many organisms, but still little is known about the presence and characteristics of circadian clocks in fungi other than Neurospora crassa. We sought to characterize the circadian system of a natural isolate of Aureobasidium pullulans, a cold-adapted yeast bearing great biotechnological potential.

Approach to Incomplete Colonoscopy: New Techniques and Technologies.

Colonoscopy is the most widely used screening modality for the detection and removal of colon polyps and for the prevention of colorectal cancer. To identify all colon lesions and reduce the risk of colorectal cancer, it is important to perform a complete colonoscopy. The success of screening colonoscopy depends upon several parameters, including bowel preparation and adenoma detection rate.

[Small cell lung cancer associated with multiple paraneoplastic syndromes].

We report the case of a patient presenting with multiple severe electrolyte disturbances who was subsequently found to have small cell lung cancer. Upon further evaluation, she demonstrated three distinct paraneoplastic processes, including the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone, Fanconi syndrome, and an inappropriate elevation in fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23). The patient underwent one round of chemotherapy, but she was found to have progressive disease.

Black Cohosh Hepatotoxicity with Autoimmune Hepatitis Presentation.

Herbal medicines have been used for the treatment of various ailments since time immemorial. Black cohosh (BC) is well known for the treatment of postmenopausal symptoms, with conflicting evidence supporting its safety and benefits. We present a rare case of BC-induced autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) with hepatotoxicity in a 69-year-old female.

An update on cancer risk and surveillance in primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Malignancy represents substantial morbidity and mortality in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). This subset of patients has been proven to be at increased risk for developing cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder carcinoma and colorectal cancer in those with overlapping inflammatory bowel disease. Herein, we review the prevalence of these malignancies and recommend screening tools and current knowledge to reduce the disease burden in this population.

Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management of Esophageal Lichen Planus: A Series of Six Cases.

Lichen planus (LP) is an idiopathic disorder that presents with cutaneous and genital manifestations. Esophageal LP (ELP) was first described by Al-Shihabi and Jackson [J Laryngol Otol 1982;96:567-571] in 1982. Only approximately 80 cases have been documented in the literature since.

Endoscopic findings of primary follicular lymphoma.

A 79-year-old female with benign past medical history presented to the gastroenterology clinic complaining of long-standing symptoms of dyspepsia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed nodular smooth mucosa in the second part of the duodenum. The morphologic and immunophenotypic findings were consistent with low-grade follicular lymphoma.

Duodenal Aspirates for Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth: Yield, PPIs, and Outcomes after Treatment at a Tertiary Academic Medical Center.

Duodenal aspirates are not commonly collected, but they can be easily used in detection of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use has been proposed to contribute to the development of SIBO. We aimed to determine the yield of SIBO-positive cultures detected in duodenal aspirates, the relationship between SIBO and PPI use, and the clinical outcomes of patients identified by this method.

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis and diffuse gastrointestinal involvement.

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), formerly named Churg-Strauss syndrome, is a rare systemic small- and medium-sized-vessel vasculitis, characterized by the presence of severe asthma as well as blood and tissue eosinophilia. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, like diarrhea and abdominal pain, are common; however, there are few reports of histologic evidence of GI involvement. We report the case of a patient on treatment for EGPA who presented with recurrent small bowel obstruction and choledocholithiasis.

[Wernicke´s encephalopathy and polyneuropathy associated with vitamin B complex deficiency after a bariatric surgery].

Bariatric surgery is a treatment that guarantees a substantial and lasting weight loss in addition to the tangible benefits relating to obesity-associated medical conditions. The increasing number of bariatric surgeries has revealed an increasing number of complications related to this procedure, including Wernicke´s encephalopathy and vitamin B deficiency polyneuropathies. Herein, a 7-week post-surgery case of Wernicke´s encephalopathy is presented that emphasizes the importance of an early recognition of these symptoms so as to initiate intervention during the reversible phase of these potentially lethal pathologies.