Dysphasia: metastatic prostate cancer to the leptomeninges: a case report.

Background: Leptomeningeal metastasis occurs in 5% of patients with prostate cancer and indicates a very poor prognosis.

Case Presentation: A 60-year-old Caucasian male patient diagnosed with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with sclerotic bone metastases and soft tissue metastases underwent multiple courses of chemotherapy and hormone therapy. The diagnosis of prostate cancer is based on elevated prostate-specific antigen levels and tissue biopsy.

Factors Associated with Receipt of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Stage II Colon Cancer.

Background: The benefits of chemotherapy in stage II colon cancer remain unclear, but it is recommended for high-risk stage II disease. Which patients receive chemotherapy and its impact on survival remains undetermined.

Methods: The National Cancer Database was surveyed between 2004 and 2016 for stage II colon cancer patients.

An analysis of publications originating from abstracts presented at the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) Meeting.

Background: Research presentation has benefits, including CV building, networking, and collaboration. A measurable standard for achievement is publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Expectations regarding the likelihood of publication are unknown for studies presented at a national surgical scientific meeting.

Cleft Palate Fistula: A Review.

Background: The development of postoperative oronasal fistulae (ONF) is a complication that plagues all cleft surgeons to varying degrees. There is extensive literature discussing the incidence, functional impact, and treatment of ONF. The goal of this article is to provide an extensive review of the literature discussing the incidence, causative factors, functional impact, classification systems, and treatment of ONF.

The Incidence of Thromboembolic Events During Hospitalizations Following Surgical Resection of Lower Extremity Sarcomas in Children: Utilizing the Pediatric Health Information System Database.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a frequent occurrence during treatment for adults with sarcoma. The incidence and underlying risk factors of postsurgical VTE in children and adolescents undergoing resection of sarcoma are unknown.

Methods: Using International Classification of Disease revision-9 diagnostic and procedure codes, the Pediatric Health Information System database was queried for patients aged 18 years and younger, discharged from 2004 to 2015 with a diagnosis of lower extremity malignant neoplasm who had a tumor resection or amputation performed during the encounter.

Standardized Letter of Recommendation: Can Everyone Be Awesome?

Objective: Standardized letters of recommendation (SLOR) are hypothesized to decrease bias and provide consistent domains for evaluation. However, their ability to differentiate among applicants is unknown. The utilization and functionality of SLOR and the impact of SLOR domain rating on matching for colon and rectal surgery (CRS) residency applicants have yet to be assessed.

Patients With a History of Oronasal Fistula Repair Exhibit Lower Oral Health Measured With Patient-Centric Outcomes Measures.

Introduction: Oronasal fistulae following palatoplasty may affect patients' quality of life by impacting their ability to eat, speak, and maintain oral hygiene. We aimed to quantify the impact of previous oronasal fistula repair on patients' quality of life using patient-reported outcome psychometric tools.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 8- to 9-year-old patients with cleft palate and/or lip was completed.

Laryngoscopy Grade Improvement and Difficult Airway Resolution in Infants With Robin Sequence Undergoing Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis: A Multi-Institutional Study.

Objective: Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) aims to relieve tongue-based airway obstruction in Robin Sequence (RS). We investigated direct laryngoscopy grade (DLG) improvement and difficult airway (DA) resolution following MDO.

Design: Retrospective cohort analysis.

Degree of Asymmetry Between Patients With Complete and Incomplete Cleft Lips.

Introduction: Surgical outcomes for patients with complete cleft lips are not as ideal as those achieved for milder phenotypes. We hypothesized that in addition to the greater width of the cleft, patients with complete cleft lip and palate exhibit a greater degree of hypoplasia and asymmetry.

Methods: Stereophotographs of 14 infants with unrepaired unilateral complete and 14 with incomplete cleft lips were measured using Vectra imaging software (Canfield Imaging).

Factors Influencing Timely Preparation of Alveolar Bone Grafting: A Survey of the ACPA.

Objective: To identify factors that are commonly felt to impact a team's ability to ensure patients are orthodontically and dentally prepared for alveolar bone grafting at the appropriate time.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association (ACPA)-approved multidisciplinary cleft teams.

Le Fort 1 and Bimaxillary Osteotomies Increase the Length of Stay but not Postoperative Morbidity Compared to Mandibular Osteotomies and Single Jaw Procedures.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the association between type of facial osteotomies performed during orthognathic surgery and postoperative outcomes including complications, length of stay, and readmission.

Methods: A retrospective review of orthognathic surgery cases from the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database from 2004 to 2014 was undertaken. Osteotomy procedures were classified as Le Fort 1 (LF 1), Mandibular osteotomy, Genioplasty or their combinations.

Maxillomandibular Advancement for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients With Normal or Class I Malocclusion.

Background: Maxillomandibular advancement is an effective surgical option for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) that achieves enlargement of the upper airway by physically expanding the facial skeleton. The authors sought to determine whether an advancement of 10 mm predicts surgical success and if any correlation existed between the magnitude of mandibular/maxillary advancement and improvement in polysomnography metrics using aggregated individual patient data from multiple studies.

Methods: A search of the PubMed database was performed to identify relevant articles that included preoperative and postoperative polysomnography data and measurements of the advancement of both the maxillary and mandibular portions of the face in patients with normal or class I malocclusion.

Efficiency of magnetic chitosan supported on graphene for removal of perchlorate ions from wastewater.

In this study, we used a synthesized cross-linked magnetic chitosan with graphene oxide beads to study the removal of perchlorate from wastewater. The prepared complex was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transformation Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Several parameters were studied including the effect of pH, contact time and the co-existing anions.

Removal and extraction efficiency of Quaternary ammonium herbicides paraquat (PQ) from aqueous solution by ketoenol-pyrazole receptor functionalized silica hybrid adsorbent (SiNPz).

Pesticides and herbicides have been used extensively in agricultural practices to control pests and increase crop yields. Paraquat (PQT, 1,1-dimethyl-4,4-dipyridinium chloride) is one of the herbicide that belois classified as bipyridines and is used over the world. The objective of this study is to use ketoenol-pyrazole receptor functionalized silica hybrid as adsorbent for removal PQT from aqueous solution.

The Use of Prophylactic Antibiotics before Primary Palatoplasty Is Not Associated with Lower Fistula Rates: An Outcome Study Using the Pediatric Health Information System Database.

Background: Previous attempts to study the effect of prophylactic antibiotics on the outcomes of cleft palate surgery have been hampered by the need for a very large sample size to provide adequate power to discern a potentially small therapeutic effect. This limitation can be overcome by querying large databases created by health care governing bodies.

Methods: Data from the Pediatric Health Information System database were used for this analysis.

Adding Depth to Cephalometric Analysis: Comparing Two- and Three-Dimensional Angular Cephalometric Measurements.

Introduction: Lateral cephalometric radiographs (LCR) have been the standard tool used for cephalometric analysis in craniofacial surgery. Over the past decade, a three-dimensional (3D) revolution in cephalometric analysis and surgical planning has been underway. To date, research has not validated whether cephalometric measurements taken from two-dimensional (2D) and 3D data sources are equivalent and interchangeable.

Alveolar soft-part sarcoma: Case demonstrating principles for uncommon vascular lesions.

Background: Alveolar soft-part sarcoma (ASPS) is an uncommon malignancy that may present in a manner similar to benign vascular tumors.

Methods: A 6-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder was referred to the Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital vascular anomalies clinic for the evaluation of a tongue mass.

Results: Prior to the presentation, at 5 years of age, neck computed tomography (CT) was performed.

High-Fidelity Anthropometric Facial Measurements Can Be Obtained From a Single Stereophotograph From the Vectra H1 3-Dimensional Camera.

Background: Anthropometry is a well-established means of measuring facial morphology. Although reliable, direct anthropometry can be time-consuming and not conducive to a busy clinical practice. The Vectra H1 handheld stereophotogrammetric system requires 3 stereophotographs taken from different perspectives to generate a three-dimensional (3D) surface.

Comprehension of Online Educational Material Regarding Orofacial Clefts.

Background: Cleft lip and palate are among the common birth defects in the United States. Management is complex and may be difficult for parents and patients to understand. The goal of this study was to evaluate the readability of online educational material provided by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS) and the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association (ACPA) websites regarding cleft lip and palate and to assess parents' comprehension.

Postoperative Drain Use in Cranial Vault Remodeling: A Survey of Craniofacial Surgeon Practices and a Review of the Literature.

Background: The use of subgaleal drains following primary cranioplasty for craniosynostosis has undergone limited investigation. Proposed benefits include prevention of seroma, detection of postoperative bleeding, and cerebrospinal fluid leak. We conducted a systematic review of the literature and surveyed craniofacial surgeons to ascertain the current evidence pertaining to drain use following primary cranioplasty for craniosynostosis and to determine surgical practice patterns.

Laser ablation of embryonic veins in children.

Background: Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) and related overgrowth syndromes are rare conditions that often present to academic pediatric units and multidisciplinary vascular anomaly clinics. These conditions are commonly associated with abnormalities of the superficial and deep venous structures and carry an increased risk of venous thromboembolism.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was completed of all patients treated at Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital with endovenous laser ablation therapy (EVLT) for management of dilated embryonic veins in the setting of limb overgrowth.

Outcomes of Primary Palatoplasty: An Analysis Using the Pediatric Health Information System Database.

Background: Previous attempts at reporting oronasal fistula development and secondary speech surgery following cleft palate surgery have been limited to single-center case series. This limitation can be overcome by querying large databases created by health care governing bodies or health care alliances. The authors examined the effect of cleft type and demographic variables on the clinical outcomes.

Cleft and Craniofacial Team Orthodontic Care in the United States: A Survey of the ACPA.

Objective: To better understand the capacity for orthodontic care, service features, and finances among members of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association (ACPA).

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: ACPA-approved multidisciplinary cleft teams.