Service providers' perspectives and reproductive (in)justice among Roma women: a qualitative study in Spain.

The main objective of this study is to identify the barriers that prevent Roma women and girls from accessing reproductive rights derived from reproductive justice by analysing the discourses of service providers as a facilitating source of information. A qualitative study including nine semi-structured in-person interviews with community service providers was conducted in April-June 2019. The interview script addressed intercultural competences, views on gender discrimination against Roma women, resources available to fight against this discrimination, knowledge and use of these resources in reproductive justice, as well as the networks of actors involved.

[Lights and shadows in the implementation of community action for health].

Objective: To explore the experiences of individuals who develop projects and interventions where community participation-action constitutes a strategic tool for reducing health inequalities.

Method: Qualitative study based on semi-structured, in-depth online interviews with individuals considered experts in the development of health promotion strategies involving community participation. A total of 12 individuals from the healthcare, social healthcare, academic, and associative backgrounds were selected.

Unconventional data, unprecedented insights: leveraging non-traditional data during a pandemic.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic prompted new interest in non-traditional data sources to inform response efforts and mitigate knowledge gaps. While non-traditional data offers some advantages over traditional data, it also raises concerns related to biases, representativity, informed consent and security vulnerabilities. This study focuses on three specific types of non-traditional data: mobility, social media, and participatory surveillance platform data.

Menarche and reproductive health in Spanish Roma women from a reproductive justice perspective: a qualitative study.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the perceptions of Roma women about their experience of menarche and reproductive health considering the principles of reproductive justice.

Design: Qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with Roma women ages 18 through 67 in different neighborhoods in the southeast of Spain. Using a thematic analysis, we analyzed experiences related to menarche and menstruation and their significance for reproductive health, the preparation for the phase of menarche and intergenerational support.

[Adverse reactions to drugs used for COVID-19 in five Latin American countriesReações adversas a medicamentos utilizados para a COVID-19 em cinco países da América Latina].

Objective: Characterize and describe reports of suspected adverse reactions to a group of drugs used in Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Chile, El Salvador, Mexico, and Peru to treat or prevent coronavirus disease (COVID-19) between 1 March and 31 August 2020.

Methods: A list of the 13 drugs used to treat or prevent COVID-19 was prepared, based on official and unofficial sources. Drawing on the databases of the national pharmacovigilance programs of the participating countries, reports of suspected adverse reactions to these drugs were collected for the period from 1 March and 31 August 2020.

Community intervention programmes with people affected by leprosy: Listening to the voice of professionals.

Background: Community participation and implementing interventions based on the community are key strategies to eliminate leprosy. Health professionals have an essential role as they are a necessary source of information because of their knowledge and experience, as well as their comprehensive perspective of contexts included in the programmes. This study has the aim of analysing the perceptions on the development of programmes with people affected by leprosy from the perspective of professionals that work at different organisations in endemic contexts.

Dating violence and associated factors among male and female adolescents in Spain.

Background: Dating Violence (DV) is a public health problem that is on the rise. In this paper, we aim to analyse different factors associated with DV victimization among female and male adolescents in Spain, considering socioeconomic circumstances, sexual orientation and the presence of different attitudes and experiences related to violence.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from a convenience sample of 640 ever-partnered adolescents aged 13 to 17 at schools in the cities of Alicante (n = 359, 50.

Perspectives on Spain's legislative experience providing access to healthcare to irregular migrants: a qualitative interview study.

Objectives: In 2018, Spain adopted a national law that significantly expanded healthcare access to all residents, including undocumented migrants. This was a substantial shift from a more restrictive system of coverage in previous years. However, irregular migrants continue to experience challenges accessing healthcare in Spain.

Inequalities in the use of gynecological visits and preventive services for breast and cervical cancer in Roma women in Spain.

Objectives: The Roma population in Spain makes up about two percent of the population and has worse health indicators than the general population. We analyzed both populations in 2006 and 2014 to discover whether there are differences in terms of gynecological visits and preventive services for breast and cervical cancer in Spain.

Methods: Cross-sectional study is based on the Spanish National Health Survey (SNHS) of 2006 and 2012 and the National Health Survey of the Roma Population (NHSRP) of 2006 and 2014.

Scoping review: Community-based programmes with people affected by leprosy.

Objective: To analyse community intervention programmes for people affected by leprosy in 'global priority countries'.

Methods: Scoping review of articles in the databases PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Lilacs and Web of Knowledge that made reference to community intervention programmes aimed at people affected by leprosy in global priority countries and which presented an evaluation of results. Analytical variables analysed were methodological characteristics of the study, type of intervention classified according to the Community-Based Rehabilitation Matrix, indicators and results of the evaluation, and the degree of participation of the community, which was graphically represented as a spidergram.

Smoking Prevalence Inequalities Among Roma and Non-Roma Population in Spain Between 2006 and 2014.

Tobacco consumption is unequally distributed in society. The objective was to identify trends in tobacco use among the General and Spanish Roma populations in 2006 and 2014, years characterized by strengthening of anti-smoking policy in Spain. We calculated prevalences and logistical regression models based on the Spanish National Health Survey (2006/2012) and the National Health Survey of the Roma population (2006/2014).

Acceptability of Violence Against Women Among the Roma Population in Spain.

Acceptability of violence against women (VAW) is a key dimension in addressing this social problem, given its influence on both the violent conduct of aggressors and the decisions of affected women. This study analyzes, for the first time, the magnitude of acceptability of VAW and associated factors in the Roma population in Spain. The Roma population is the largest ethnocultural minority in Europe.

Scientific Evidence on Functional Food and Its Commercial Communication: A Review of Legislation in Europe and the USA.

This study aims at understanding how scientific evidence to substantiate nutrition and health claims in food commercial communication is regulated in Europe and the USA. A literature review was performed on the scientific evidence required by the European Food Safety Authority and the US Food and Drug Administration to substantiate food nutrition and health claims. Studies published in Scopus, Medline, Scirus, and Google Scholar from 2007 to 2012 were reviewed as well as documents released by both agencies.

A comparative study on the raft chemical properties of various alginate antacid raft-forming products.

Objective: Research to measure the chemical characterization of alginate rafts for good raft performance and ascertain how formulation can affect chemical parameters.

Significance: A selection of alginate formulations was investigated all claiming to be proficient raft formers with significance between products established and ranked.

Methods: Procedures were selected which demonstrated the chemical characterization allowing rafts to effectively impede the reflux into the esophagus or in severe cases to be refluxed preferentially into the esophagus and exert a demulcent effect, with focus of current research on methods which complement previous studies centered on physical properties.

Inequities in visual health and health services use in a rural region in Spain.

Objective: To analyse perceived visual health and health services use in a rural population in relation to socioeconomic characteristics and compared with the general population in Spain.

Method: Cross-sectional study in a rural population using a structured questionnaire including questions comparable to the Spanish National Health Survey (2012). A descriptive analysis was carried out through the calculation of frequencies and prevalence, the χ test for independent variables, contrasts of proportions and logistic regression to obtain associations between the rural and general populations and socioeconomic variables.

[Healthcare professionals' perceptions of Islamic beliefs and traditions as barriers to organ donation and transplantation in Algeria].

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore healthcare professionals' perception of the influence of Islamic beliefs and traditions concerning organ donation and transplants in Algeria.

Methods: Exploratory qualitative study using individual semi-structured interviews of 17 healthcare professionals (9 men, 8 women) of different specialties in a University hospital in Algiers (Algeria). Qualitative content analysis of transcripts was performed using the computer software ATLAS.

Visual health screening by schoolteachers in remote communities of Peru: implementation research.

Objective: To describe the adaptation and scaling-up of an intervention to improve the visual health of children in the Apurimac region, Peru.

Methods: In a pilot screening programme in 2009-2010, 26 schoolteachers were trained to detect and refer visual acuity problems in schoolchildren in one district in Apurimac. To scale-up the intervention, lessons learnt from the pilot were used to design strategies for: (i) strengthening multisector partnerships; (ii) promoting the engagement and participation of teachers and (iii) increasing children's attendance at referral eye clinics.

Vision and Hearing Health Inequities in the Roma population: A National Cross-Sectional Study in Spain.

We analyzed vision and hearing health status in the Spanish Roma population compared with the general population and its influence on mental health and social participation. We conducted a Cross-sectional study on Roma population (n = 1.167) compared to general population in Spain (n = 21.

The social class gradient in health in Spain and the health status of the Spanish Roma.

Objective: To determine the social class gradient in health in general Spain population and the health status of the Spanish Roma.

Design: The National Health Survey of Spanish Roma 2006 (sample size = 993 people; average age: 33.6 years; 53.

[Methodological limitations and recommendations in publications on migrant population health in Spain].

Our objective was to describe the methodological limitations and recommendations identified by authors of original articles on immigration and health in Spain. A literature review was conducted of original articles published in Spanish or English between 1998 and 2012 combining keywords on immigration and health. A total of 311 articles were included; of these, 176 (56.

[Validation of the Spanish Version of Physician Readiness to Manage Intimate Partner Violence Survey (PREMIS)].

Background: At the international level PREMIS -"Physician Readiness to Manage Intimate Partner Violence Survey"- is amongst the most comprehensive instruments to evaluate primary health care professionals' readiness. The aim of this study is to assess the reliability, internal consistency and construct validity of the Spanish version of this questionnaire.

Methods: After translation, back translation and assessment of content validity of the questionnaire, 200 questionnaires were distributed to medical doctors and nurses working in 15 primary health care centres located in 4 autonomous regions (Comunidad Valenciana, Castilla León, Murcia, Cantabria), in 2013.

[General characteristics of the original articles included in the scoping review on health and immigration in Spain].

Background: The new socio-demographic reality that came about with the incorporation of the immigrant population in Spain requires an analysis of the needs and priorities generated by this situation in all areas, including research in health. The objective of this study is to determine the general characteristics of a group of articles included in a literature review on the subject, carried out within the framework of the CIBERSP Subprogram on Migration and Health.

Methods: Scoping Review of the literature published in the period 1998-2012.

Is health a right for all? An umbrella review of the barriers to health care access faced by migrants.

Objective: To synthesise the scientific evidence concerning barriers to health care access faced by migrants. We sought to critically analyse this evidence with a view to guiding policies.

Design: A systematic review methodology was used to identify systematic and scoping reviews which quantitatively or qualitatively analysed data from primary studies.

Assessment of the association of health with the liberalisation of trade in services under the World Trade Organisation.

Background: The liberalisation of trade in services which began in 1995 under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has generated arguments for and against its potential health effects. Our goal was to explore the relationship between the liberalisation of services under the GATS and three health indicators--life expectancy (LE), under-5 mortality (U5M) and maternal mortality (MM)--since the WTO was established.

Methods And Findings: This was a cross-sectional ecological study that explored the association in 2010 and 1995 between liberalisation and health (LE, U5M and MM), and between liberalisation and progress in health in the period 1995-2010, considering variables related to economic and social policies such as per capita income (GDP pc), public expenditure on health (PEH), and income inequality (Gini index).

Life Experiences of People Affected by Crohn's Disease and Their Support Networks: Scoping Review.

This scoping review identifies and describes relevant studies related to the evidence published on life experiences and perceived social support of people affected by Crohn's disease. Twenty-three studies were definitely selected and analyzed for the topics explored. The overall findings show patients' needs and perceptions.