2022 Sudan Ebolavirus Outbreak in Uganda: Modelling Case Burden and Outbreak Duration.

In September 2022, an outbreak of Sudan virus (SUDV) was confirmed in Uganda. Following the first case report, we developed an individual based modelling platform (IBM-SUDV) to estimate the burden of cases and deaths, as well as the duration of the unfolding SUDV outbreak, using different scenarios. Modelled projections were within the range of cases and deaths ultimately observed.

Ebola disease outbreak caused by the Sudan virus in Uganda, 2022: a descriptive epidemiological study.

Background: Uganda has had seven Ebola disease outbreaks, between 2000 and 2022. On Sept 20, 2022, the Ministry of Health declared a Sudan virus disease outbreak in Mubende District, Central Uganda. We describe the epidemiological characteristics and transmission dynamics.

Continental concerted efforts to control the seventh outbreak of Ebola Virus disease in Uganda: The first 90 days of the response.

On 20th September 2022, Uganda declared the 7th outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) caused by the Sudan Ebola strain following the confirmation of a case admitted at Mubende Regional Referral Hospital. Upon confirmation, the Government of Uganda immediately activated the national incident management system to initiate response activities. Additionally, a multi-country emergency stakeholder meeting was held in Kampala; convening Ministers of Health from neighbouring Member States to undertake cross-border preparedness and response actions.

Molecular characterization of the 2022 Sudan virus disease outbreak in Uganda.

Ebola disease (EBOD) is a public health threat with a high case fatality rate. Most EBOD outbreaks have occurred in remote locations, but the 2013-2016 Western Africa outbreak demonstrated how devastating EBOD can be when it reaches an urban population. Here, the 2022 Sudan virus disease (SVD) outbreak in Mubende District, Uganda, is summarized, and the genetic relatedness of the new variant is evaluated.

Acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure in a low-income country: a prospective observational study of hospital prevalence and mortality.

Introduction: Limited data exist on the epidemiology of acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure (AHRF) in low-income countries (LICs). We sought to determine the prevalence of AHRF in critically ill adult patients admitted to a Ugandan tertiary referral hospital; determine clinical and treatment characteristics as well as assess factors associated with mortality.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study at the Mulago National Referral and Teaching Hospital in Uganda.

A health care professionals training needs assessment for oncology in Uganda.

Background: Cancer incidence and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa are increasing and do account for significant premature death. The expertise of health care providers is critical to downstaging cancer at diagnosis and improving survival in low- and middle-income countries. We set out to determine the training needs of health care providers for a comprehensive oncology services package in selected hospitals in Uganda, in order to inform capacity development intervention to improve cancer outcomes in the East African region.

Antiretroviral therapies in women after single-dose nevirapine exposure.

Background: Peripartum administration of single-dose nevirapine reduces mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) but selects for nevirapine-resistant virus.

Methods: In seven African countries, women infected with HIV-1 whose CD4+ T-cell counts were below 200 per cubic millimeter and who either had or had not taken single-dose nevirapine at least 6 months before enrollment were randomly assigned to receive antiretroviral therapy with tenofovir–emtricitabine plus nevirapine or tenofovir-emtricitabine plus lopinavir boosted by a low dose of ritonavir. The primary end point was the time to confirmed virologic failure or death.

HIV subtypes induce distinct profiles of HIV-specific CD8(+) T cell responses.

CD8(+) T cells play an important role in controlling HIV infection and qualitative differences in HIV-specific CD8(+) responses may determine the degree of immune control. We studied 56 HIV-infected, ARV-naive Ugandans and examined the role of subtypes in modulating their HIV-specific T cell responses. Gag-specific responses were readily detectable in our study population.

High prevalence of antiretroviral resistance in treated Ugandans infected with non-subtype B human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

This study examined the emergence and prevalence of drug-resistant mutations in reverse transcriptase and protease coding regions in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected Ugandans treated with antiretroviral drugs (ARV). Genotypic resistance testing was performed on 50 and 16 participants who were enrolled in a cross-sectional and longitudinal observational cohort, respectively. The majority of the 113 HIV-1 PR-RT sequences were classified as subtypes A and D.

Therapeutic responses to AZT + 3TC + EFV in advanced antiretroviral naive HIV type 1-infected Ugandan patients.

Convenient, non-food-dependent dosing, low tablet volume, and relatively low cost have made nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors a first choice for both clinicians and patients in Uganda. Concerns exist as to their efficacy in patients with viral loads (VL) above 100,000 copies/ml, a feature common to about 75% of HIV-1-infected patients presenting at the Joint Clinical Research Center (JCRC) in Uganda. Furthermore, there are few data on the response to such therapy of non-B subtypes, A and D, predominant in Uganda.