The Diverging Trend in Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke Among US Children.

Objective: Environmental tobacco smoke exposure (ETSE) was race/ethnicity-specific, but how the race/ethnicity-specific ETSE has changed over time, diverging or converging, remains unclear. We examined ETSE trends by race/ethnicity in US children aged 3-11 years.

Methods: We analyzed the data of 9678 children who participated in the biennial National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1999-2018.

Diagnostic evaluation of nCoV-QS, nCoV-QM-N, and nCoV-OM detection kits based on rRT-PCR for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Ecuador.

Background: Ecuador was harshly impacted by COVID-19, in the region was the epicenter of the pandemic with the highest mortality rates and with the lowest rates of processed samples. Real-time reverse transcription PCR assays are essential to identify and manage the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Because of the global emergency, in Ecuador several commercial kits were introduced for use without clinical validation.

Temporal trends in routine predischarge pulse oximetry screening: 6 years' experience in a UK regional neonatal unit.

Objectives: To evaluate the continued impact of pulse oximetry screening (POS) in a regional neonatal unit (NNU) and identify trends in screening outcomes in comparison with our previous experience.

Design: Retrospective review of admissions between April 2013 and March 2019 (the current study) and comparison with previously published data (the 2014 study).

Patients: All infants >34 weeks completed gestation admitted to NNU as a result of positive POS.

Evaluating Team Characteristics for Health Engagements in Three Countries in Central America: 2012-2017.

Background: The U.S. DoD is a multidimensional agency of the government that employs health engagement activities within partner nations for medical operations, humanitarian assistance, threat reduction, and improved health outcomes toward sustainable global health and security.

Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Obesity and T2D: Literature Review.

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2 was first detected in Wuhan, China, causing outbreaks of the coronavirus disease COVID-19 that has now spread globally. For this reason, The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a public health emergency in March 2020. People living with pre-existing conditions such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and chronic kidney and lung diseases, are prone to develop severe forms of disease with fatal outcomes.

Tiers for Education and Training in Global Health for Military Engagement.

This article describes four tiers for knowledge required by U.S. military personnel to effectively execute global health activities.

[Allergic contact dermatitis to cobalt and nickel in a metal industry worker. Case report and literature review].

Background: Contact dermatitis is an eczematous skin reaction that is caused by repeated and direct exposure to an allergen: The prevalence of contact dermatitis to nickel is estimated at 17% in women and 3% in men, and 1-3% of the general population has allergic contact dermatitis to cobalt and chromium. Nickel, which is the leading cause of occupational dermatitis, shows reactivity to other metals; mainly chromium and cobalt.

Clinical Case: A 47-year old man, with previous sensitization to nickel in childhood, is a worker in the metal industry, with occupational exposure to nickel and cobalt, and showed dermatosis predominantly in the upper limbs.

[UNAM: the importance of academic support for Allergy Clinic Immunology specialty].

At the end of the 18th Century, the history of immunology began in Mexico, with Francisco Xavier Balmis, who initiated the process of vaccination against smallpox. By doing this, he established the bases for research and clinical practice in this field of medicine. Among the pioneers of immunology in Mexico stand out Eduardo Licega, Maximiliano Ruiz Castañeda and Mario Salazar Mallén.

Characterization of chitosan edible films obtained with various polymer concentrations and drying temperatures.

Chitosan is a promising material that could be used for the development of edible coatings and films on an industrial level because of its film-forming, biodegradable, non-toxic, and antimicrobial characteristics. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the polymer concentration (0.5%, 1.

Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of the cyclooxygenase-inhibiting nitric oxide donator naproxcinod in treating osteoarthritis of the hip or knee.

Objective: Naproxcinod, a cyclooxygenase-inhibiting nitric oxide donator antiinflammatory drug, was evaluated in this phase 2, double-blind, randomized, parallel group study to determine its optimal dose in patients with osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: In total 543 patients with OA of the hip or knee were randomized to receive naproxcinod 750 mg once daily (qd), 750 mg twice daily (bid), 1125 mg bid, rofecoxib 25 mg qd, or placebo for 6 weeks. The primary efficacy variable was the within-patient change from baseline to the average of Weeks 4 and 6 in WOMAC pain subscale score.

Y chromosome STR haplotypes in the Caribbean city of Cartagena (Colombia).

Haplotype data were obtained from a sample of 173 unrelated male individuals from Cartagena (Colombia), for 16 Y-chromosome STRs (DYS19, DYS385, DYS389 I, DYS389 II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS460, DYS461, DYS635, GATA H4 and GATA A10). No shared haplotypes were observed, demonstrating the usefulness and informative power of these Y-STRs in male lineage identification in Cartagena. Genetic distances were calculated using previously published haplotype data and the lowest values were found for the comparisons with samples of Iberian origin.

Y-chromosome STRs in an Antioquian (Colombia) population sample.

Haplotype data were obtained from a sample of 777 unrelated male individuals from Antioquia Department (Colombia), for eight Y-chromosome STRs (DYS19, DYS385, DYS389 I, DYS389 II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392 and DYS393). A total of 442 different haplotypes were identified of which 334 were represented only once in the database and the most frequent haplotype was found in 32 individuals. A high haplotype diversity was found (99.