Effect of Training Data Volume on Performance of Convolutional Neural Network Pneumothorax Classifiers.

Large datasets with high-quality labels required to train deep neural networks are challenging to obtain in the radiology domain. This work investigates the effect of training dataset size on the performance of deep learning classifiers, focusing on chest radiograph pneumothorax detection as a proxy visual task in the radiology domain. Two open-source datasets (ChestX-ray14 and CheXpert) comprising 291,454 images were merged and convolutional neural networks trained with stepwise increase in training dataset sizes.