Severe Deficiency of Vitamin D and Anthracycline-Taxane Regimen are associated with Cachexia Following Breast Cancer Chemotherapy: A Single Center Assessment Using Two Consensus-Based Criteria.

Background: Cancer cachexia in breast cancer (BC) patients is not commonly reported, particularly in Indonesia. This study assessed the prevalence of cachexia in local patients with BC receiving chemotherapy, and the associated factors.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 160 BC patients who started chemotherapy between July 2018 and June 2022.

Maternal serum unmetabolized folic acid concentration following multivitamin and mineral supplementation with or without folic acid after 12 weeks gestation: A randomized controlled trial.

Pregnant women are advised to take folic acid (FA) supplements before conception and during the first trimester of pregnancy. Many women continue FA supplementation throughout pregnancy, and concerns have been raised about associations between excessive FA intake and adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA) is found in serum after high FA intakes and is proposed as a biomarker for excessive FA intake.

Estimated Choline Intakes and Dietary Sources of Choline in Pregnant Australian Women.

(1) Background: Despite the postulated importance of choline during pregnancy, little is known about the choline intake of Australians during pregnancy. In this study, we estimated dietary intakes of choline in early and late pregnancy, compared those intakes to recommendations, and investigated food sources of choline in a group of pregnant women in Australia. (2) Methods: 103 pregnant women enrolled in a randomized controlled trial.

Vitamin D status in breast cancer cases following chemotherapy: A pre and post observational study in a tertiary hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Objectives: To observe pre- and post-treatment vitamin D level and its association with treatment and concomitant factors in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy.

Methods: We performed a pre-post observational analysis that nested in an ongoing prospective cohort study of breast cancer patients at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Vitamin D deficiency in South-East Asian children: a systematic review.

Objective: To describe the prevalence and determinants of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) among healthy children aged between 0 and 18 years living in South-East Asia (SEA).

Design: We systematically searched Ovid MEDLINE and Ovid EMBASE for observational studies assessing VDD among healthy children in the SEA region as the primary or secondary outcome from database inception to 6 April 2021. PubMed was used for e-pubs and publications not indexed in Medline.

Sex differences in the association of vitamin D and metabolic risk factors with carotid intima-media thickness in obese adolescents.

Background: It has been shown that vitamin D is associated with obesity and the development of atherosclerosis. Less is known about this association among adolescents with obesity.

Objectives: To determine the association of vitamin D level and metabolic risk factors with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) among obese adolescents.

The Inclusion of Folic Acid in Weekly Iron-Folic Acid Supplements Confers no Additional Benefit on Anemia Reduction in Nonpregnant Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Malaysia.

Background: Weekly iron-folic acid (IFA) supplements are recommended for all menstruating women in countries where anemia prevalence is ≥20%; however, it is unknown whether the inclusion of folic acid in weekly IFA supplements reduces anemia.

Objectives: We examined whether the inclusion of folic acid in weekly IFA supplements conferred any benefit on hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, anemia reduction, or iron status [ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR)], over iron alone.

Methods: In this secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial in Malaysia, n = 311 nonpregnant women (18-45 y old) received 60 mg Fe with either 0, 0.

Weekly iron-folic acid supplements containing 2.8 mg folic acid are associated with a lower risk of neural tube defects than the current practice of 0.4 mg: a randomised controlled trial in Malaysia.

Introduction: Weekly iron-folic acid (IFA) supplements are recommended for all menstruating women in countries where anaemia prevalence is >20%. Anaemia caused by folate deficiency is low worldwide, and the need to include folic acid is in question. Including folic acid might reduce the risk of a neural tube defect (NTD) should a woman become pregnant.

Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial evaluating the effect of folic acid supplementation beyond the first trimester on maternal plasma unmetabolised folic acid in late gestation.

Introduction: Taking folic acid containing supplements prior to and during early pregnancy reduces the risk of neural tube defects. Neural tube defects occur prior to 28 days postconception, after which, there is no proven benefit of continuing to take folic acid. However, many women continue to take folic acid containing supplements throughout the pregnancy.

The interaction between energy intake, physical activity and -866G/A gene variation on weight gain and changes in adiposity: an Indonesian Nutrigenetic Cohort (INDOGENIC).

The present study aimed to investigate an interaction between energy intake, physical activity and UCP2 gene variation on weight gain and adiposity changes in Indonesian adults. This is a prospective cohort study conducted in 323 healthy adults living in the city of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Energy intake, physical activity, body weight, BMI, percentage body fat and waist:hip ratio (WHR) were measured at baseline and after 2 years while UCP2 -866G/A gene variation was determined at baseline.

Effect of once weekly folic acid supplementation on erythrocyte folate concentrations in women to determine potential to prevent neural tube defects: a randomised controlled dose-finding trial in Malaysia.

Introduction: Folic acid (0.4 mg) taken prior to and during early pregnancy reduces the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs). Because these birth defects occur early in pregnancy, before women may know they are pregnant, many countries have mandated the addition of folic acid to food staples.

Risk of metabolic syndrome and early vascular markers for atherosclerosis in obese Indonesian adolescents.

: The prevalence of childhood obesity has increased in low- and middle-income countries, including Indonesia. It is important to identify risk factors for cardiovascular disease in obese adolescents in this region.: To assess the risk of metabolic syndrome and early vascular markers for atherosclerosis in obese Indonesian adolescents: A cross-sectional study was undertaken in obese high school students aged 15-<18 years in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Long-term exposure to PM and fasting plasma glucose in non-diabetic adolescents in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Background: Indonesia is facing serious air pollution. However, very few studies have been conducted to examine the health risks of air pollution in Indonesia, particularly for adolescents.

Objective: To assess the association between long-term exposure to ambient particles with a diameter of <2.

The Interaction between Coffee: Caffeine Consumption, UCP2 Gene Variation, and Adiposity in Adults-A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Coffee is suggested as an alternative option for weight loss but the relationship between coffee consumption and adiposity in population-based studies is still controversial. Therefore, this study was aimed at evaluating the relationship between coffee intake and adiposity in adults and to test whether uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) gene variation was able to affect this relationship.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in male and female adults living in the urban area of Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Dietary Inflammatory Index Score and Its Association with Body Weight, Blood Pressure, Lipid Profile, and Leptin in Indonesian Adults.

It was previously reported that dietary intake is an important trigger for systemic inflammation and one of the lifestyle factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score and body weight, blood pressure, lipid profile and leptin in an Indonesian population. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 503 Indonesian adults.

Estimated Resting Metabolic Rate and Body Composition Measures Are Strongly Associated With Diabetic Retinopathy in Indonesian Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: To investigate the associations of estimated resting metabolic rate (RMR), body fat (BF), subcutaneous fat (SCF), visceral fat (VF), fat-free mass (FFM) percentage, BMI, and waist circumference (WC) with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Indonesian adults with type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study of 1,184 subjects with type 2 diabetes. DR was assessed from fundus photography and categorized as mild, moderate nonproliferative DR (NPDR), and vision-threatening DR (VTDR).

The Gene-Lifestyle Interaction on Leptin Sensitivity and Lipid Metabolism in Adults: A Population Based Study.

Background: Obesity has been associated with leptin resistance and this might be caused by genetic factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the gene-lifestyle interaction between -866G/A UCP2 (uncoupling protein 2) gene polymorphism, dietary intake and leptin in a population based study.

Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted in adults living at urban area of Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Tumour necrosis factor-α and risk of cardiovascular disease among overfat Indonesian adolescents.

Background: Overfatness (overweight and obesity) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including elevated blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, and insulin resistance. Chronic inflammation may play a role in mediating these associations.

Objective: To investigate the association between plasma tumour necrosis factor-α and risk factors for cardiovascular disease among overweight and obese adolescents.

Sexual dimorphism in interleukin 17A and adipocytokines and their association with insulin resistance among obese adolescents in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Background And Objectives: Pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 17A (IL-17), leptin, and adiponectin have been associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Moreover, differences in sex and ethnicity as well as plasma concentration of adipocytokines and cytokines have been associated with the risk of insulin resistance. This study was conducted to elucidate whether sex differences exist in the risk of insulin resistance in Indonesian adolescents and to determine how plasma leptin, adiponectin, and IL-17 predict insulin resistance.

Association of vitamin D deficiency with cardiovascular disease risk in children: implications for the Asia Pacific Region.

Background And Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency significantly affects cardiovascular disease risk. Cardiovascular disease is epidemic in nature. Because the prevalence of cardiovascular disease has been increasing in children, it has been changing from an adulthood disease to a childhood disease.

The role of genes involved in lipolysis on weight loss program in overweight and obese individuals.

The ability of obese people to reduce weight in the same treatment varied. Genetic make up as well as the behavioral changes are important for the successfulness of the program. One of the most proposed genetic variations that have been reported in many intervention studies was genes that control lipolysis process.