Machine learning reveals CAT gene as a novel potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents one of the most prevalent forms of lung cancer, with a five-year survival rate of 21.7%. There is an urgent need to identify pertinent biomarkers to inform the diagnosis and prognosis of tumors, particularly those that can be applied to different age groups.

Sequential treatment of anti-PD-L1 therapy prior to anti-VEGFR2 therapy contributes to more significant clinical benefits in non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective: Anti-angiogenic therapy and immune checkpoint blockade therapy are currently important treatments for non-small cell lung cancer. However, the combined use of the two therapies is controversial, and few studies have investigated the effects of different time sequences of the two therapies on treatment outcomes.

Methods: The tumor-bearing mouse model was established and the mice were divided into four groups, including AA-ICB sequence group, ICB-AA sequence group, synchronization group and the control group.

NLRP1 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma growth through mediating mitochondrial dysregulation in an inflammasome-independent manner.

NLRP1, the first identified inflammasome-forming sensor, is thought to be involved in cancer, yet its definite function in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. Herein, we explored the expression and function of NLRP1 in LUAD. Decreased NLRP1 expression was identified in LUAD, which was associated with a poor prognosis.

Pancreatic cancer cells hijack tumor suppressive microRNA-26a to promote radioresistance and potentiate tumor repopulation.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers with significant radioresistance and tumor repopulation after radiotherapy. As a type of short non-coding RNA that regulate various biological and pathological processes, miRNAs might play vital role in radioresistance. We found by miRNA sequencing that microRNA-26a (miR-26a) was upregulated in pancreatic cancer cells after radiation, and returned to normal state after a certain time.

An anoikis-related gene signature predicts prognosis and reveals immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a global health burden with poor prognosis. Anoikis, a novel programmed cell death, has a close interaction with metastasis and progression of cancer. In this study, we aimed to construct a novel bioinformatics model for evaluating the prognosis of HCC based on anoikis-related gene signatures as well as exploring the potential mechanisms.

Anticancer Benefit of Metformin in Patients With Early-Stage Pancreatic Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Epidemiologic studies have produced conflicting results on the effects of metformin on pancreatic cancer. This study aimed to observe and analyze whether metformin use is associated with better prognosis in pancreatic cancer. In this retrospective cohort study, all baseline data were retrieved from The Chinese Medicine Information Retrieval System (https://dc.

Expression levels of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligands CXCL1 and CXCL3 as prognostic biomarkers in rectal adenocarcinoma: evidence from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) analyses.

Rectal cancer is a life‑threatening disease worldwide. Chemotherapy resistance is common in rectal adenocarcinoma patients and has unfavorable survival outcomes; however, its related molecular mechanisms remain unknown. To identify genes related to the initiation and progression of rectal adenocarcinoma, three datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.

MicroRNA-7 modulates cellular senescence to relieve gemcitabine resistance by targeting PARP1/NF-κB signaling in pancreatic cancer cells.

Senescence is activated in response to gemcitabine to prevent the propagation of cancer cells. However, there is little evidence on whether senescence is involved in gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that microRNAs (miRs) are potential regulators of cellular senescence.

LAGE3 correlates with tumorigenic immune infiltrates in the clear cell renal cell carcinoma microenvironment.

Objective: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of kidney tumor worldwide. The role of LAGE3 (L Antigen Family Member 3) in ccRCC has not been widely reported. In this study, we explored the clinical significances and biological functions of LAGE3 in ccRCC.

MicroRNA-7 as a Potential Biomarker for Prognosis in Pancreatic Cancer.

MicroRNAs play critical roles in tumor progression. Our recent study has indicated that microRNA-7 (miR-7) impairs autophagy-derived pools of glucose to suppress the glycolysis in pancreatic cancer progression. However, the roles of miR-7 in clinical significance and chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer remain unexplored.

Dark Side of Cytotoxic Therapy: Chemoradiation-Induced Cell Death and Tumor Repopulation.

Accelerated tumor repopulation following chemoradiation is often observed in the clinic, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In recent years, dying cells caused by chemoradiation have attracted much attention, and they may manifest diverse forms of cell death and release complex factors and thus orchestrate tumor repopulation cascades. Dying cells potentiate the survival of residual living tumor cells, remodel the tumor microenvironment, boost cell proliferation, and accelerate cancer cell metastasis.

Dying tumor cell-derived exosomal miR-194-5p potentiates survival and repopulation of tumor repopulating cells upon radiotherapy in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Tumor repopulation is a major cause of radiotherapy failure. Previous investigations highlighted that dying tumor cells played vital roles in tumor repopulation through promoting proliferation of the residual tumor repopulating cells (TRCs). However, TRCs also suffer DNA damage after radiotherapy, and might undergo mitotic catastrophe under the stimulation of proliferative factors released by dying cells.

Folate-conjugated herpes simplex virus for retargeting to tumor cells.

Background: Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-mediated oncolytic therapy is a promising cancer treatment modality. However, viral tropism is considered to be one of the major stumbling blocks to the development of HSV-1 as an anticancer agent.

Methods: The surface of oncolytic HSV-1 G207 was covalently modified with folate-poly (ethylene glycol) conjugate (FA-PEG).

microRNA-193a stimulates pancreatic cancer cell repopulation and metastasis through modulating TGF-β2/TGF-βRIII signalings.

Background: Pancreatic cancer characterizes high recurrence and poor prognosis. In clinical practice, radiotherapy is widely used for pancreatic cancer treatment. However, the outcome remains undesirable due to tumor repopulation and following recurrence and metastasis after radiation.

MicroRNA-7 inhibits cell proliferation of chronic myeloid leukemia and sensitizes it to imatinib in vitro.

MicroRNA is a large class of non-coding small RNA that exerts critical roles in many physiological processes including cell proliferation. MicroRNA-7 (miR-7) has been considered as a tumor suppressor in most malignant tumors versus a tumor promoter in some other ones. However, its role in chronic myeloid leukemia remains unknown.

microRNA-7 impairs autophagy-derived pools of glucose to suppress pancreatic cancer progression.

Pancreatic cancer commonly addicts to aerobic glycolysis, and abnormally activates autophagy to adapt the stringent metabolic microenvironment. microRNA-7 (miR-7) was supposed to modulate various gastrointestinal cancer progression. We wonder whether miR-7 could destroy the reprogrammed metabolic homeostasis in pancreatic cancer via modulating the level of autophagy, and further affect tumor proliferation and survival.

Aspirin in pancreatic cancer: chemopreventive effects and therapeutic potentials.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies with dismal prognosis. Recently, aspirin has been found to be an effective chemopreventive agent for many solid tumors. However, the function of aspirin use in pancreatic cancer largely remains unknown.

The molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of microRNA-7 in cancer.

Introduction: Increasing evidence supports that microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in cancer through post-transcriptional gene silencing of their target genes, therefore, more and more effort has been devoted to develop miRNA-targeting therapeutics in cancer. MicroRNA-7 (miR-7) has been characterized as a potential tumor suppressor and regulates diverse fundamental biological processes of cancer cells including initiation, proliferation, migration, invasion, survival and death by targeting a number of oncogenic signaling pathways.

Areas Covered: This review examines evidence of the biological responses of miR-7 in cancer, with an emphasis on its regulation of the vital oncogenic signaling pathways.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis, microcalcification and raised thyrotropin levels within normal range are associated with thyroid cancer.

Background: To confirm whether clinical and biochemical parameters or Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) could predict the risks of malignancy among subjects who underwent thyroidectomy, as well as to determine the influence of HT on the biological behavior of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).

Methods: A total of 2,052 patients who underwent initial thyroidectomy were enrolled between June 2006 and August 2008. Serum free T4, free T3, thyrotropin (TSH), thyroglobulin, thyroglobulin antibody, antimicrosomal antibody, tumor-associated status, and thyroid disorders were documented.

Effectiveness and tolerability of NSAIDs in the prophylaxis of pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Acute pancreatitis is a common complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The beneficial effects of pharmaco-logic treatment of acute pancreatitis are unclear. Although the prophylactic use of NSAIDs for the reduction of the risk for pancreatic injury after ERCP has been assessed, the beneficial effects of NSAIDs on pancreatic injury are still being debated.

Hepatoblastoma in adult: review of the literature.

Unlabelled: This study is to review and retrieve data on adult hepatoblastoma (HB) from English literatures in order to gain a better understanding of this disease. We performed Medline, PubMed (from January 1966 to February 2008), and library searches (National Science and Technology Library, Beijing, China, and Wenzhou Medical College Library, from January 1980 to February 2008) using the key words hepatoblastoma in adult, hepatic tumor, hepatoblastoma and adult. Previously reported HB cases were collected and published reviews were also examined.

CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells: a therapeutic target for liver diseases.

Background: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been shown to play an important role in maintaining peripheral immune homeostasis by suppressing autoreactive and allergen-specific T cells and turning off the immune response after the pathogen has been cleared. However, in certain situations Tregs can impair effective immunity to some pathogens and tumour cells.

Objective: To review the role of Tregs in liver pathology and to assess the potential to enhance or inhibit their function as applied to the treatment of liver disease.