Nutrient loading as a key cause of short- and long-term anthropogenic ecological degradation of the Salton Sea.

The Salton Sea (SS), California's largest inland lake at 816 square kilometers, formed in 1905 from a levee breach in an area historically characterized by natural wet-dry cycles as Lake Cahuilla. Despite more than a century of untreated agricultural drainage inputs, there has not been a systematic assessment of nutrient loading, cycling, and associated ecological impacts at this iconic waterbody. The lake is now experiencing unprecedented degradation, particularly following the 2003 Quantification Settlement Agreement-the largest agricultural-to-urban water transfer in the United States.

The Impact of Public Health and Social Measures (PHSMs) on SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in the WHO European Region (2020-2022).

Background: Between 2020 and 2022, countries used a range of different public health and social measures (PHSMs) to reduce the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The impact of these PHSMs varied as the pandemic progressed, variants of concern (VOCs) emerged, vaccines rolled out and acceptance/uptake rates evolved. In this study, we assessed the impact of PHSMs in the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region during VOC phases.

Incidence and prevalence of functional neurological disorder: a systematic review.

Background: Robust epidemiological data regarding population incidence and prevalence of functional neurological disorder (FND) would be helpful with regards to resource allocation and planning for this disorder, particularly given high symptom burden and high healthcare utilisation. We therefore aimed to systematically review and synthesise available data on FND incidence and prevalence.

Methods: PubMed was searched to identify original research articles that reported on the incidence or prevalence of FND.

Aquagenic urticaria: presentation, diagnosis and management.

Aquagenic urticaria, a rare dermatological condition characterised by urticarial eruptions following water contact, poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This condition, although uncommon, necessitates heightened clinical awareness due to its substantial impact on the patient's quality of life. We present a comprehensive account of a paediatric case involving a girl in her mid-teens, who developed recurrent wheals post-exposure to water, independent of its temperature or source.

Defining Documentation Burden (DocBurden) and Excessive DocBurden for All Health Professionals: A Scoping Review.

Objectives:  Efforts to reduce documentation burden (DocBurden) for all health professionals (HP) are aligned with national initiatives to improve clinician wellness and patient safety. Yet DocBurden has not been precisely defined, limiting national conversations and rigorous, reproducible, and meaningful measures. Increasing attention to DocBurden motivated this work to establish a standard definition of DocBurden, with the emergence of excessive DocBurden as a term.

The ester-containing prodrug NT-0796 enhances delivery of the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor NDT-19795 to monocytic cells expressing carboxylesterase-1.

NT-0796 is an ester prodrug which is metabolized by carboxylesterase-1 (CES1) to yield the carboxylic acid NDT-19795, an inhibitor of the NLR family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. When applied to human monocytes/macrophages which express CES1, however, NT-0796 is much more potent at inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation than is NDT-19795. Comparison of the binding of NDT-19795 and NT-0796 in a cell-based NLRP3 target engagement assay confirms that NDT-19795 is the active species.

A case of melanoma in situ of the central forehead repair by V-Y advancement flap and Burow graft.

Large defects on the face after Mohs surgery have posed significant reconstructive challenges. A 90-year-old man presented with melanoma in situ of the central forehead, which resulted in a 4.5cmx4.

Multi-organ abnormalities assessed by a single MRI scan in individuals with blood cancer.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic individuals with all blood cancers were classified as clinically vulnerable and at high risk of complications and death. Our study sought to determine if individuals with specific blood cancers were at a heightened risk of longer term organ impairment, secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: We set up a prospective observational study, utilising quantitative multi-parametric MRI to determine organ health over time in patients with specific blood cancers who had recovered from COVID-19.

Pharmacological Analysis of NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibitor Sodium [(1,2,3,5,6,7-Hexahydro-s-indacen-4-yl)carbamoyl][(1-methyl-1-pyrazol-4-yl)({[(2)-oxolan-2-yl]methyl})sulfamoyl]azanide in Cellular and Mouse Models of Inflammation Provides a Translational Framework.

Interleukin (IL)-1β is an apex proinflammatory cytokine produced in response to tissue injury and infection. The output of IL-1β from monocytes and macrophages is regulated not only by transcription and translation but also post-translationally. Release of the active cytokine requires activation of inflammasomes, which couple IL-1β post-translational proteolysis with pyroptosis.

Quantitative Imaging Reveals Steatosis and Fibroinflammation in Multiple Organs in People With Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Study.

We aimed to determine the extent of multiorgan fat accumulation and fibroinflammation in individuals living with type 2 diabetes. We deeply phenotyped individuals with type 2 diabetes (134 from secondary care, 69 from primary care) with multiorgan, quantitative, multiparametric MRI and compared with 134 matched control individuals without diabetes and 92 control individuals with normal weight. We examined the impact of diabetes duration, obesity status, and glycemic control.

A Multilevel Primary Care Intervention to Improve Follow-Up of Overdue Abnormal Cancer Screening Test Results: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Realizing the benefits of cancer screening requires testing of eligible individuals and processes to ensure follow-up of abnormal results.

Objective: To test interventions to improve timely follow-up of overdue abnormal breast, cervical, colorectal, and lung cancer screening results.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Pragmatic, cluster randomized clinical trial conducted at 44 primary care practices within 3 health networks in the US enrolling patients with at least 1 abnormal cancer screening test result not yet followed up between August 24, 2020, and December 13, 2021.

An oligogenic case of severe neonatal thrombocytopenia and a purportedly benign variant in requiring reinterpretation.

Although thrombocytopenia in neonatal intensive care patients is rarely due to inherited disorders, the number of genetic variants implicated in platelet defects has grown dramatically with increasing genome-wide sequencing. Here we describe a case of severe, oligogenic neonatal thrombocytopenia and reinterpret a reportedly benign mutation that is likely pathogenic. Despite this patient's synonymous mutation ( 576 C>T, Phe192=) being annotated as benign, GFI1B is a well-known regulator of megakaryopoiesis, this variant alters splicing and megakaryocyte maturation, and our analysis of existing genome-wide associated studies demonstrates that it likely causes gray platelet syndrome.

Representation of Fitzpatrick skin phototype in dermatology surgical textbooks.

Given the importance of skin of color (SoC) representation in dermatologic education and training, this study quantified representation of Fitzpatrick skin phototypes (FST) in core dermatology surgery textbooks. Images within Surgery of the Skin: Procedural Dermatology, Dermatologic Surgery, and Facial Reconstruction after Mohs Surgery were categorized according to the Fitzpatrick skin phototype (FST) depicted and the dermatologic surgery topic addressed. 1501 images were analyzed, with only 5.

Skin of Color Representation in Clinical Trials: An Analysis of Clinicaltrials.gov From 2008-2022.

There is a plethora of dermatologic clinical trials; however, little is known regarding the representation of skin of color (SOC) populations. We evaluated the 15 most prevalent skin conditions in SOC patients and their representation in clinical trials over 14 years (2008-2022) to address the lack of research regarding dermatologic clinical trials and SOC inclusion. There have been 1,419 clinical trials conducted over the last 14 years regarding the 15 dermatologic conditions most commonly affecting SOC.

Proterozoic supercontinent break-up as a driver for oxygenation events and subsequent carbon isotope excursions.

Oxygen and carbon are 2 elements critical for life on Earth. Earth's most dramatic oxygenation events and carbon isotope excursions (CIE) occurred during the Proterozoic, including the Paleoproterozoic Great Oxidation Event and the associated Lomagundi CIE, the Neoproterozoic Oxygenation event, and the Shuram negative CIE during the late Neoproterozoic. A specific pattern of a long-lived positive CIE followed by a negative CIE is observed in association with oxygenation events during the Paleo- and Neo-proterozoic.