Presence of chondroitin sulphate and requirement for heparan sulphate biosynthesis in the developing zebrafish inner ear.

Epithelial morphogenesis to form the semicircular canal ducts of the zebrafish inner ear depends on the production of the large glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan, which is thought to contribute to the driving force that pushes projections of epithelium into the lumen of the otic vesicle. Proteoglycans are also implicated in otic morphogenesis: several of the genes coding for proteoglycan core proteins, together with enzymes that synthesise and modify their polysaccharide chains, are expressed in the developing zebrafish inner ear. In this study, we demonstrate the highly specific localisation of chondroitin sulphate to the sites of epithelial projection outgrowth in the ear, present before any morphological deformation of the epithelium.

Elution of Monomers From CAD-CAM Materials and Conventional Resin Composite in Distilled Water and Artificial Saliva.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the leaching pattern of different types of polymer computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials with a conventional resin composite.

Methods And Materials: Specimens of three representatives by type of polymer CAD-CAM blocks and one conventional resin composite were suspended using a silk thread in distilled water and artificial saliva. After one day, seven days, 14 days, 30 days, and 60 days, the analysis of the eluates for the detection of bisphenol A (BPA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and bisphenol A-glycidyl dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA) was quantified by utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Evaluation of Monomer Elution and Surface Roughness of a Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic Network CAD-CAM Material After Er,Cr:YSGG Laser-assisted Tooth Bleaching.

Purpose: The aim of this in vitro study was to examine the effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser-assisted tooth bleaching treatment on the elution of monomers and surface roughness of a hybrid computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) material, and to compare it with a resin composite for direct restorations.

Methods And Materials: Forty specimens of a hybrid CAD-CAM material (Enamic) and forty of a conventional resin composite (Tetric) were fabricated and randomly divided into four groups (n=10). Half of the specimens of each material were stored in distilled water and the other half in artificial saliva for 7 days.

Validation of a Simple HPLC-UV Method for the Determination of Monomers Released from Dental Resin Composites in Artificial Saliva.

Bisphenol-A (BPA), bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), and urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) are organic monomers that can be released from dental composites into the oral cavity. Over specific concentrations, they can act as endocrine disruptors or cause toxic effects. The purpose of this work is to develop and validate an analytical method to determine BPA, Bis-GMA, TEGDMA, and UDMA monomers released from synthetic dental resins in artificial saliva.

Identification of compounds that rescue otic and myelination defects in the zebrafish () mutant.

Adgrg6 (Gpr126) is an adhesion class G protein-coupled receptor with a conserved role in myelination of the peripheral nervous system. In the zebrafish, mutation of also results in defects in the inner ear: otic tissue fails to down-regulate gene expression and morphogenesis is disrupted. We have designed a whole-animal screen that tests for rescue of both up- and down-regulated gene expression in mutant embryos, together with analysis of weak and strong alleles.

Patterns of e-cigarette use, biochemically verified smoking status and self-reported changes in health status of a random sample of vapeshops customers in Greece.

To understand the population impact of e-cigarettes, it is important to examine the profile of e-cigarette users. The purpose was to examine the characteristics, patterns of e-cigarette use and smoking status of a random sample of vapeshops customers in Greece. Fourteen vapeshops were randomly selected in the region of Athens.

Acetate/di-2-pyridyl ketone oximate "blend" as a source of high-nuclearity nickel(II) clusters: dependence of the nuclearity on the nature of the inorganic anion present.

The use of di-2-pyridyl ketone oxime [(py)2CNOH] in reactions with Ni(O2CMe)2.4H2O, in the presence or absence of extra inorganic anions (N3- and SCN-) has led to Ni4, Ni5, and Ni7 clusters; the magnetic study of the heptanuclear nickel(II) complex reveals an S = 3 ground state.