Type 1 diabetes mellitus in children: experience in Indonesia.

The prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children in Indonesia is increasing although the real number is unknown due to high rate of misdiagnosis. Public and healthcare awareness on T1DM in children is still low, reflected by the high number of children diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The Indonesian Pediatric Society (IPS) had published a guideline on T1DM management, which consists of insulin injection, daily monitoring of blood glucose, nutrition, physical activity, and education.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescent: an Indonesian perspective.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents has increased globally over the past 2 decades. Metabolic syndrome, including obesity and overweight at a young age, increases the occurrence of T2DM. Studies in Indonesia have found that obese children and adolescents are more likely to have insulin resistance, a risk factor for T2DM.