Effect of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation on pregnancy rates after intrauterine insemination.

Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the effect of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation on pregnancy rates after intrauterine insemination of washed husband's sperm.

Study Design: In a private practice setting at the Infertility, Gynecology, and Obstetrics Medical Group in San Diego, 79 treatment programs included intrauterine insemination during natural cycles, 195 included clomiphene stimulation, and 53 had human menopausal gonadotropin stimulation. Pregnancy rates and monthly fecundabilities were calculated by life-table analysis and compared by the Z test.

Radioimmunoassay of follistatin: application for in vitro fertilization procedures.

A sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA) for follistatin was developed by using antisera raised in rabbits against purified porcine ovarian follistatin. The displacement curves generated with human follicular fluid and serum were parallel with the standard curve of porcine follistatin. Using this RIA, we have measured human serum follistatin immunoreactivity in six women undergoing ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Pregnancy rates with fresh versus computer-controlled cryopreserved semen for artificial insemination by donor in a private practice setting.

From late 1970 through December 1987, 580 women began 733 treatment programs (a total of 3405 insemination cycles) with fresh semen for artificial insemination by donor. The unadjusted pregnancy rate was 48.5% and the cumulative pregnancy rate after seven cycles by life-table analysis was 59.

Intrauterine insemination with husband's washed sperm.

Methods used for artificial insemination with the husband's semen (AIH) have undergone continuous revision in the hope of increasing the pregnancy rates obtained. We report our methodology using technology developed for in vitro fertilization to prepare sperm for intrauterine insemination. Our overall pregnancy rate is 30%.

In vitro fertilization. The Scripps Clinic experience.

The in vitro fertilization (IVF) program at Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, California, was started in 1983. In vitro fertilization is now an accepted type of infertility treatment for many couples with a disorder of tubal origin, endometriosis, male-factor infertility, or idiopathic infertility. Successful outcome has depended on the woman's age, the cause of infertility, and the number of embryos transferred.

Immunogenetic aspects of in vivo allotolerance induction during the ontogeny of Xenopus laevis.

This study describes the ontogeny of allograft immunity in a partially inbred strain of frogs (Xenopus laevis). At various times during the frogs' premetamorphic, perimetamorphic, and postmetamorphic life, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) homozygous strain JJ Xenopus (MHC haplotype j) were grafted with skin from adult donors of defined MHC homozygous (j,f) and heterozygous (j/f,f/h) haplotypes. This protocol reveals that destructive allograft reactivity to MHC alloantigens in Xenopus matures slowly and that allotolerance can be induced to such MHC-encoded antigens throughout larval life.

An in vivo study of the ontogeny of alloreactivity in the frog, Xenopus laevis.

Pre- and perimetamorphic larval and post-metamorphic juvenile frogs (Xenopus laevis) from a single family were grafted with skin from either of their patents (who differed from the hosts by one major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype and multiple minor H loci) or from an unrelated adult (to provide a greater immunogenetic disparity). The fate of such skin grafts transplanted to hosts of various developmental stages indicated that a net destructive alloimmunity in this amphibian species develops gradually during ontogeny. In contrast to the uniform rejection of grafts on animals transplanted as postmetamorphic froglets, many recipients of grafts transplanted during larval life became tolerant.