Monocytes Release Pro-Cathepsin D to Drive Blood-to-Brain Transcytosis in Diabetes.

Background: Microvascular complications are the major outcome of type 2 diabetes progression, and the underlying mechanism remains to be determined.

Methods: High-throughput RNA sequencing was performed using human monocyte samples from controls and diabetes. The transgenic mice expressing human CTSD (cathepsin D) in the monocytes was constructed using CD68 promoter.

Long non-coding RNA ARHGAP5-AS1 inhibits migration of breast cancer cell via stabilizing SMAD7 protein.

Purpose: Tumor metastasis is the main cause of death from breast cancer patients and cell migration plays a critical role in cancer metastasis. Recent studies have shown long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an essential role in the initiation and progression of cancer. In the present study, the role of an LncRNA, Rho GTPase Activating Protein 5- Antisense 1 (ARHGAP5-AS1) in breast cancer was investigated.

Hypoxia activated long non-coding RNA HABON regulates the growth and proliferation of hepatocarcinoma cells by binding to and antagonizing HIF-1 alpha.

The adaptation of tumour cells to hypoxic microenvironment is one of the most significant characteristics of many malignant tumour diseases including hepatocarcinoma. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in the various levels of gene regulation thus functioning in growth and survival of tumour cells. Here, new hypoxia-related lncRNAs in hepatocarcinoma cells were screened and validated by lncRNA chip-array as well as real-time RT-PCR.

Genome-wide and expression-profiling analyses of the cytochrome P450 genes in Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and screening of candidate P450 genes associated with malathion resistance.

Background: Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a notorious agricultural pest worldwide, and its resistance to insecticides is a major obstacle in successful control. Cytochrome P450s (P450s) are major metabolic enzymes associated with insecticide resistance. The genome of B.

Alteration of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1a1, 1a7 and P-glycoprotein expression in hepatic fibrosis rats and the impact on pharmacokinetics of puerarin.

Background: Puerarin, derived from a traditional Chinese herb Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi which was distributed globally and planted in most parts of China, has been extensively applied in patients with cardiovascular diseases in China. Yet a considerable proportion of the patients were accompanied with liver illnesses simultaneously because of all sorts of reasons.

Comparative Analysis for Diagnostic Yield of Small Cell Lung Cancer by Cytology and Histology During the Same Bronchoscopic Procedure.

Background: Biopsy, brushing, and transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) are the most common methods used for the diagnosis of small cell lung cancer during the same diagnostic bronchoscopic procedure. However, it is not clear which method provides better results.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of 140 patients who had undergone video bronchoscopy for diagnostic purposes.

Suppression of phosphatase and tensin homolog protects insulin-resistant cells from apoptosis.

In the present study, a glucosamine-induced model of insulin-resistant skeletal muscle cells was established in order to investigate the effect of inhibition of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) on these cells. The glucosamine-induced insulin-resistant skeletal muscle cells were produced and the rate of glucose uptake was measured using the glucose oxidase-peroxidase method. The expression levels of PTEN and phosphorylated PTEN (p-PTEN) were assessed using western blotting.

A Toll-like receptor 9-mediated pathway stimulates perilipin 3 (TIP47) expression and induces lipid accumulation in macrophages.

Excessive accumulation of lipids in macrophages results in formation of foam cells and is a hallmark of atherosclerosis. The PAT family of proteins has been implicated in this process, but details of their involvement in foam cell formation have not been fully elucidated. One of dominant members of the PAT proteins, perilipin 3 (TIP47), is likely to be involved in such a regulatory mechanism.

Expression of TNF-alpha protein in omental and subcutaneous adipose tissue in obesity.

Background: During the last several years the role of adipose tissue in contributing to obesity-associated cardiovascular and metabolic risk has gained much attention.

Aim: To examine the expression of TNF-alpha protein in omental and subcutaneous adipose tissue in correlation with plasma PAI-1 and other clinical parameters in obesity subjects.

Material And Methods: Paired biopsies of omental and subcutaneous fat were collected during surgery in 32 obesity subjects.

Correlation between omental TNF-alpha protein and plasma PAI-1 in obesity subjects.

Background: The role of TNF-alpha in contributing to obesity-associated cardiovascular and metabolic risk has gained much attention.

Materials And Methods: Paired biopsies of omental and subcutaneous fat were collected from 16 lean subjects and 32 central obesity subjects. The expression of TNF-alpha in omental and subcutaneous fat was quantified by western blotting method, and correlations with plasma PAI-1, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and lipid were investigated.

Toward selective histone deacetylase inhibitor design: homology modeling, docking studies, and molecular dynamics simulations of human class I histone deacetylases.

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play an important role in gene transcription. Inhibitors of HDACs induce cell differentiation and suppress cell proliferation in tumor cells. Although many HDAC inhibitors have been designed and synthesized, selective inhibition for class I HDAC isoforms is a goal that has yet to be achieved.

[Observation on effect of compound danshen droplet-pill combined with trimetazidine in treating senile unstable angina pectoris].

Objective: To investigate the effect of compound Danshen Droplet-pill (DS) combined with trimetazidine (TMZ) in treating senile unstable angina pectoris (SUAP).

Methods: One hundred and twenty patients with SUAP were eaually and randomly divided into 2 groups, the treated group and the control group. Changes of angina, occurrence of arrhythmia, myocardial infarction and sudden death, myocardial ischemia in ECG and partial indexes of heart function were observed.

On the function of the 14 A long internal cavity of histone deacetylase-like protein: implications for the design of histone deacetylase inhibitors.

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play an important role in gene transcription. Inhibitors of HDACs induce cell differentiation and suppress cell proliferation in tumor cells. AutoDock calculations of known and novel HDAC inhibitors as well as of several probe molecules to histone deacetylase-like protein (HDLP), using a modified scoring function for metalloproteins, demonstrate excellent agreement (R = 0.

QSAR studies of PC-3 cell line inhibition activity of TSA and SAHA-like hydroxamic acids.

Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) for a series of new trichostatin A (TSA)-like hydroxamic acids for the inhibition of cell proliferation of the PC-3 cell line have been developed using molecular descriptors from Qikprop and electronic structure calculations. The best regression model shows that the PM3 atomic charge on the carbonyl carbon in the CONHOH moiety(Qco), globularity (Glob), and the hydrophilic component of the solvent-accessible surface area (FISA) describe the IC(50) of 19 inhibitors of the PC-3 cell line with activities ranging over five orders of magnitude with an R(2)=0.92 and F=59.