Industrial Foundation Model.

Recently, foundation models (such as ChatGPT) have emerged with powerful learning, understanding, and generalization abilities, showcasing tremendous potential to revolutionarily promote modern industry. Despite significant advancements in various fields, existing general foundation models face challenges in industry when dealing with the data of specialized modalities, the tasks of varying-scenario with multiple processes, and the requirements of trustworthy output, which makes industrial foundation model (IFM) a necessity. This article proposes a system architecture of termed IFMsys, including model training, model adaptation, and model application.

Selective glyphosate degradation via oxygen activation using Fe-N-C: Critical role of size exclusion.

Selective elimination of glyphosate (PMG) from complex water matrices remains a significant challenge. Metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) materials derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer a promising platform due to their tunable porosity and abundant active sites. In this study, three Fe-N-C-x (x = 5, 10, 20) catalysts with varying pore sizes (2-4 nm) and no surface-active sites were synthesized for PMG degradation under interference with contaminants of different sizes.

Search for MeV-Scale Axionlike Particles and Dark Photons with PandaX-4T.

Axionlike particles (ALPs) and dark photons (DPs) are viable dark matter particle candidates. We have searched for possible ALP/DP signals in the PandaX-4T liquid xenon detector using 440  kg·yr of data. A binned likelihood fit is constructed to search for possible mono-energetic peaks induced by the absorption processes between ALPs/DPs and atomic electrons of xenon.

Green Electrode Processing Enabled by Fluoro-Free Multifunctional Binders for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

The eco-friendly processing of conjugated polymer binder for lithium-ion batteries demands improved polymer solubility by introducing functional moieties, while this strategy will concurrently sacrifice polymer conductivity. Employing the polyfluorene-based binder poly(2,7-9,9 (di(oxy-2,5,8-trioxadecane))fluorene) (PFO), soluble in water-ethanol mixtures, a novel approach is presented to solve this trade-off, which features integration of aqueous solution processing with subsequent controlled thermal-induced cleavage of solubilizing side chains, to produce hierarchically ordered structures (HOS). The thermal processing can enhance the intermolecular π-π stacking of polyfluorene backbone for better electrochemical performance.

Three-step crosslinking dependent self-bending transformation of a nano-spherical mineralized collagen laden 4D printed sodium alginate scaffold for bone regeneration.

Although 3D printed scaffolds are widely used in irregularly shaped bone defects, additional steps often need to be introduced when fabricating structures with curvature. In contrast, 4D printing has a unique advantage in the fabrication of scaffolding with a curved structure. Bone defects such as skull is generally curved, so a self-bending scaffold would be more appropriate for the cranial defect site.

Energy ratio controlled gate-tuning four-wave mixing in monolayer graphene.

Monolayer graphene, with a gapless conical electronic band structure, demonstrates scale invariance, showing universal linear optical responses. The impacts of this feature on nonlinear optical responses remain unclear. Our work reveals that the gate-tunable difference-frequency four-wave mixing (DFM) responses in monolayer graphene are significantly influenced by the energy ratios between excitation photons.

Biofabrication of Tunable 3D Hydrogel for Investigating the Matrix Stiffness Impact on Breast Cancer Chemotherapy Resistance.

Matrix stiffness is a key factor in breast cancer progression, but its impact on cell function and response to treatment is not fully understood. Here, we developed a stiffness-tunable hydrogel-based three-dimensional system that recapitulates the extracellular matrix and physiological properties of human breast cancer in vitro. Adjusting the ratio of GelMA to PEGDA in the hydrogel formulation enabled the fine-tuning of matrix stiffness across a range of 7 to 52 kPa.

Sustainability-inspired upcycling of organophosphorus pollutants into phosphatic fertilizer on continuous-flow reactor.

With the increasing requirement for phosphorus resources and their shortage in nature, cyclic utilization of organophosphorus pollutants into phosphatic fertilizer might offer a sustainable approach to achieve the recycling of phosphorus. Herein, we first report the selective degradation of organophosphorus pollutants (such as HEDP and glyphosate), via the synergistic effect of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and sodium percarbonate (SPC), into phosphates, which are continually converted into phosphatic fertilizer by struvite precipitation on the continuous-flow reactor. Quenching experiments, EPR result, electrochemical analysis, and DFT calculation suggest that the transfer of electrons from SPC to PMS results in the synthesis of catalytically active species (i.

Exploring New Physics with PandaX-4T Low Energy Electronic Recoil Data.

New particles beyond the standard model of particle physics, such as axions, can be effectively searched through their interactions with electrons. We use the large liquid xenon detector PandaX-4T to search for novel electronic recoil signals induced by solar axions, neutrinos with anomalous magnetic moment, axionlike particles, dark photons, and light fermionic dark matter. A detailed background model is established using the latest datasets with 1.

Exploring m6A modifications in gastric cancer: from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications.

The significance of m6A modifications in several biological processes has been increasingly recognized, particularly in the context of cancer. For instance, m6A modifications in gastric cancer (GC) have been significantly implicated in tumor progression, metastasis, and treatment resistance. GC is characterized by the differential expression of m6A regulators.

Valley-Mediated Singlet- and Triplet-Polaron Interactions and Quantum Dynamics in a Doped WSe_{2} Monolayer.

In doped transition metal dichalcogenides, optically created excitons (bound electron-hole pairs) can strongly interact with a Fermi sea of electrons to form Fermi polaron quasiparticles. When there are two distinct Fermi seas, as is the case in WSe_{2}, there are two flavors of lowest-energy (attractive) polarons-singlet and triplet-where the exciton is coupled to the Fermi sea in the same or opposite valley, respectively. Using two-dimensional coherent electronic spectroscopy, we analyze how their quantum decoherence evolves with doping density and determine the condition under which stable Fermi polarons form.

Curcumin-loaded bioadhesive silk fibroin microsphere improves islet transplantation by mitigating oxidative stress and inhibiting apoptosis.

Islet transplantation, a form of cell therapy involving the injection of healthy islet cells into the recipient's body for curative treatment of T1DM, often fails due to oxidative stress and inflammatory damage experienced by the transplanted islets. Curcumin, a naturally occurring polyphenol with potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has been underutilized in islet protection due to challenges associated with its co-delivery and formulation. In this study, we developed bioadhesive curcumin microspheres (PDA/CUR@SF) by incorporating curcumin into a silk fibroin matrix and subsequently coating it with polydopamine to enhance islet adherence.

Highly efficient loop cleavage for human papillomavirus detection with a novel thermophilic Argonaute from Thermus brockianus.

Argonaute proteins (Agos), endowed with the capacity to cleave DNA or RNA under the guidance of small nucleic acid guides, have emerged as versatile biotechnological tools. This study endeavored to characterize a novel thermophilic Argonaute protein from Thermus brockianus (TbAgo), revealing its proficiency as a DNA-guided DNA endonuclease. Demonstrating high catalytic efficiency and precision at 65 °C, TbAgo possessed compatibility with loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method, whose optimal temperature is also around 65 °C.

Mannose-modified multifunctional iron-based nanozyme for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment by remodeling the tumor microenvironment.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with conventional treatments often accompanied by severe side effects. Recently, nanozymes have been extensively employed in cancer therapy due to their enhanced enzymatic activities, stability compared to native enzymes. However, a standalone nanozyme exhibits insufficient targeting capability and fails to specifically localize to the pathological site.

Dark Matter Search Results from 1.54 Tonne·Year Exposure of PandaX-4T.

In this Letter, we report the dark matter search results from the commissioning run (Run0) and the first science run (Run1) of the PandaX-4T experiment. The two datasets were processed with a unified procedure, with the Run1 data treated blindly. The data processing is improved compared to previous work, unifying the low-level signal reconstruction in a wide energy range up to 120 keV.

Microbiota-derived succinate promotes enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli virulence via lysine succinylation.

Succinate upregulates enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) virulence. Lysine succinylation, a post-translational modification, regulates cellular function in eukaryotes but is less characterized in bacteria. We hypothesized that lysine succinylation regulates EHEC virulence.

DNAzyme-Triggered Equilibrium Transfer with Self-Activated CRISPR-Cas12a Biosensor Enables One-Pot Diagnosis of Nucleic Acids.

Integrating recombinase-polymerase amplification (RPA) with CRISPR-Cas12a holds significant potential to simplify and improve nucleic acid diagnostic procedures. However, current strategies face limitations, such as complexity, reduced efficiency, and potential compromises in Cas12a activity. In response, we developed a NAzyme-triggered quilibrium transfer with a elf-activated SPR-Cas12a iosnso (DESCRIBER) for integrated nucleic acid detection.

The mussel-inspired GelMA/dopamine/hyaluronic acid composite hydrogel dressing for wet surface adhesion.

Tissue adhesives have attracted wide attention as alternatives to sutures. Further developments in adhesives with excellent adhesion and biocompatibility for wet tissue surfaces are still required. This study provides a new solution for the development of bioadhesives for use on tissue surfaces under wet conditions.

Efficient Particle Manipulation Using Contraction-Expansion Microchannels Embedded with Hook-Shaped Arrays.

Inertial microfluidics, as an efficient method for the manipulation of micro-/nanoparticles, has garnered significant attention due to its advantages of high throughput, structural simplicity, no need for external fields, and sheathless operation. Common structures include straight channels, contraction-expansion array (CEA) channels, spiral channels, and serpentine channels. In this study, we developed a CEA channel embedded with hook-shaped microstructures to modify the characteristics of vortices.

Biomaterial Surface-Mediated Macrophages Exert Immunomodulatory Roles by Exosomal CCL2-Induced Membrane Integrin β1 Trafficking in Recipient Cells.

The interaction between biomaterials and immune system is a critical area of research, especially in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. A fascinating and less explored aspect involves the immunomodulatory behaviors of macrophage (MΦ)-derived exosomes induced by biomaterial surfaces. Herein, untreated surface, nanostructured surface, and type I collagen (Col-I)-decorated nanostructured surface of titanium implants are chosen to culture MΦs, followed by extraction of MΦ-derived exosomes and investigation of their immunomodulatory functions and mechanisms.

Synergistic transformation of Cr(VI) in lubricant degradation by bacterial consortium.

In recent years, it has become widely acknowledged that heavy metals are often present in oil-contaminated sites. This study utilized three specific types of microorganisms with different functions to construct a composite bacterial consortium for treating lubricant-Cr(VI) composite pollutants. The selected strains were Lysinbacillus fusiformis and Bacillus tropicus.

Advances in bacterial glycoprotein engineering: A critical review of current technologies, emerging challenges, and future directions.

Protein glycosylation, which involves the addition of carbohydrate chains to amino acid side chains, imparts essential properties to proteins, offering immense potential in synthetic biology applications. Despite its importance, natural glycosylation pathways present several limitations, highlighting the need for new tools to better understand glycan structures, recognition, metabolism, and biosynthesis, and to facilitate the production of biologically relevant glycoproteins. The field of bacterial glycoengineering has gained significant attention due to the ongoing discovery and study of bacterial glycosylation systems.

Directional Chiral Exciton Emission via Topological Polarization Singularities in all Van der Waals Metasurfaces.

Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with strong exciton effects have enabled diverse light emitting devices, however, their Ångstrom thickness makes it challenging to efficiently manipulate exciton emission by themselves. Although their nanostructured multi-layer counterparts can effectively manipulate optical field at deep subwavelength thickness scale, these indirect band gap multi-layer TMDs are lack of strong luminescence, hindering their applications in light emitting devices. Here, the integration of monolayer TMDs is presented with nanostructured multi-layer TMDs, combining both strong exciton emission and optical manipulation in a single ultra-thin platform.