Effect of He ion irradiation on the mechanical properties of automated fibre placement (AFP) CF-PEEK thermoplastics composites.

Carbon fibre-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CF-PEEK) composites have gained significant usage across diverse industries like automotive and aerospace due to their desirable characteristics. These properties encompass recyclability, low density, high strength, wear resistance and thermal stability. The components made from CF-PEEK composites for space applications will be subjected to a high radiation environment due to the incoming cosmic rays, comprising protons, α particles, electrons, γ rays, etc.

Plant responses to geminivirus infection: guardians of the plant immunity.

Background: Geminiviruses are circular, single-stranded viruses responsible for enormous crop loss worldwide. Rapid expansion of geminivirus diversity outweighs the continuous effort to control its spread. Geminiviruses channelize the host cell machinery in their favour by manipulating the gene expression, cell signalling, protein turnover, and metabolic reprogramming of plants.

Multifaceted role of geminivirus associated betasatellite in pathogenesis.

Begomoviruses have emerged as a group of plant pathogens that cause devastating diseases in a wide range of crops in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Betasatellites, the circular single-stranded DNA molecules with the size of almost half of that of the associated helper begomoviruses, are often essential for the production of typical disease symptoms in several virus-host systems. Association of betasatellites with begomoviruses results in more severe symptoms in the plants and affects the yield of numerous crops leading to huge agroeconomic losses.

Chloroplast: the Trojan horse in plant-virus interaction.

The chloroplast is one of the most dynamic organelles of a plant cell. It carries out photosynthesis, synthesizes major phytohormones, plays an active part in the defence response and is crucial for interorganelle signalling. Viruses, on the other hand, are extremely strategic in manipulating the internal environment of the host cell.

A geminivirus betasatellite damages the structural and functional integrity of chloroplasts leading to symptom formation and inhibition of photosynthesis.

Geminivirus infection often causes severe vein clearing symptoms in hosts. Recently a betasatellite has emerged as a key regulator of symptom induction. To understand the host-betasatellite interactions in the process of symptom development, a systematic study was carried out involving symptoms induced by a betasatellite associated with radish leaf curl disease (RaLCB) in Nicotiana benthamiana.

The observation of slip phenomena in single crystal Fe samples during in situ micro-mechanical testing through orientation imaging.

This paper reports a study of local orientation change occurring within micro-scale tensile samples as a function of strain. These samples were fabricated from a thin film of single crystal bcc Fe and deformed in tension using an in situ micro-mechanical testing device inside a scanning electron microscope. Samples were loaded along the <110> direction parallel to the specimen axis, strained to different levels, and then subjected to electron backscatter diffraction scans over the entire area of the gauge section.