Comorbid Functional Shoulder Pain and Zolpidem Dependence Treated with Pramipexole.

Pramipexole is a dopamine agonist with higher affinity for D3 receptors. Treatment with pramipexole in clinical conditions such as restless legs syndrome, fibromyalgia, and parkinsonism has been found to significantly improve measures of pain and sleep along with the other symptoms. There is no research data available that explores the usefulness of pramipexole in somatoform/functional pain syndromes.

Alternative Psychosis - Is it a Defined Clinical Entity?

Following seizure control with antiepileptic drugs and normalization of electroencephalogram, behavioral problem may appear for the first time in an epileptic patient. This phenomenon has been termed 'alternative psychosis'. However, it remains poorly understood in absence of any definite diagnostic criteria, and there are no specific guidelines to treat the condition.