Publications by authors named "Dharmesh K Lal"
Article Synopsis
- Lip, oral, and pharyngeal cancers pose significant global health challenges, making it essential to analyze their burden for effective health policies.
- The study utilized data from the 2019 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study to assess cancer incidence, mortality, and life years lost across 204 countries, linking these to socio-demographic factors.
- Findings revealed approximately 370,000 cases and 199,000 deaths for lip and oral cavity cancer, and 167,000 cases and 114,000 deaths for other pharyngeal cancers in 2019, with smoking being the leading risk factor for these cancers, especially in low and middle SDI regions.
Article Synopsis
- HIV/AIDS remains a significant public health issue in sub-Saharan Africa, with current efforts falling short of global targets for eradication set by UNAIDS and the SDGs.
- The study utilized extensive data from various HIV prevalence surveys to estimate localized HIV infection rates across 43 African countries, focusing on specific age and sex groups from 2000 to 2018.
- Findings revealed wide disparities in HIV prevalence within countries and districts, indicating that age and sex stratification provides more nuanced insights into the epidemic, which can help tailor prevention and treatment efforts more effectively.
Background: Disparities in healthcare access to internal migrants exist, and the gaps may widen further if appropriate steps are not taken. Innovative approaches are needed to better align the healthcare services with the migrants' needs.
Aim: The aim was to develop and test a supportive strategy of healthcare, which would achieve the desired level of access and delivery of maternal healthcare services to internal migrants living in nine Indian cities.
Article Synopsis
- Cancer and other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) pose a significant threat to global development, with slow progress in addressing these issues highlighted by the recent UN meeting; key barriers include a lack of situational analyses and prioritization for effective action against NCDs.* -
- The study aims to provide comprehensive data on cancer burden across 29 cancer types in 195 countries from 1990 to 2017, utilizing the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) methods to analyze cancer incidence, mortality, and disability metrics.* -
- In 2017, there were 24.5 million new cancer cases globally, with significant variations based on socio-demographic factors; the majority of cancer-related disabilities stemmed
Importance: Understanding causes and correlates of health loss among children and adolescents can identify areas of success, stagnation, and emerging threats and thereby facilitate effective improvement strategies.
Objective: To estimate mortality and morbidity in children and adolescents from 1990 to 2017 by age and sex in 195 countries and territories.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This study examined levels, trends, and spatiotemporal patterns of cause-specific mortality and nonfatal health outcomes using standardized approaches to data processing and statistical analysis.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the role and effectiveness of frontline health workers in delivering primary health care to migrants across 13 Indian cities, finding significant gaps in service awareness and access.
- - Results show only 31% of respondents knew about health worker visits, with 90% of households in four cities reporting never seeing them, and low rates of antenatal care and immunization services provided.
- - Qualitative interviews reveal that health workers often regard migrants as "outsiders," highlighting the need for tailored health services that address the unique challenges faced by this vulnerable population, impacting India's National Urban Health Mission.
Multisectoral approach (MSA) refers to deliberate collaboration among various stakeholder groups (e.g., government, civil society, and private sector) and sectors (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remains unclear in many regions of the world.
Objectives: The GBD (Global Burden of Disease) 2015 study integrated data on disease incidence, prevalence, and mortality to produce consistent, up-to-date estimates for cardiovascular burden.
Methods: CVD mortality was estimated from vital registration and verbal autopsy data.
Importance: Comprehensive and timely monitoring of disease burden in all age groups, including children and adolescents, is essential for improving population health.
Objective: To quantify and describe levels and trends of mortality and nonfatal health outcomes among children and adolescents from 1990 to 2015 to provide a framework for policy discussion.
Evidence Review: Cause-specific mortality and nonfatal health outcomes were analyzed for 195 countries and territories by age group, sex, and year from 1990 to 2015 using standardized approaches for data processing and statistical modeling, with subsequent analysis of the findings to describe levels and trends across geography and time among children and adolescents 19 years or younger.