Adults with low opsonic natural antibody levels against show enhanced response to PPSV23 vaccination.

Background: Pneumococcal diseases pose a significant public health concern globally, particularly among young children and the elderly. Vaccination plays a crucial role in their prevention. This study evaluated the functional immune responses to Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine serotypes in healthy Indian adults before and after administering a single dose of PPSV23 immunization.

Rectosigmoid Endometriosis Causing Large Bowel Obstruction.

Large bowel obstruction is most commonly due to colorectal carcinoma, diverticular disease or volvulus. Rare causes of large bowel obstruction like endometriosis may occur in premenopausal women and diagnosis of large bowel endometriosis can be challenging to confirm preoperatively. Hence, clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for rare causes of large bowel obstruction like endometriosis.

Novel multidrug-resistant sublineages of clonal complex 22 discovered in India.

is a major pathogen in India causing community and nosocomial infections, but little is known about its molecular epidemiology and mechanisms of resistance in hospital settings. Here, we use whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to characterize 478 . clinical isolates (393 methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and 85 methicilin-sensitive (MSSA) collected from 17 sentinel sites across India between 2014 and 2019.

Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of the Lung With Gastrointestinal Metastasis Causing Small Intestinal Obstruction: A Rare Case of Acute Surgical Emergency.

Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinomas (PSCA) are a rare subset of Non-Squamous-Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC), the most common pathological subtype of lung cancers which are the most common malignancy in the world. These rarest of rare tumours may have gastrointestinal metastasis and present as an acute abdominal surgical emergency with bowel obstruction or bleeding, as in our patient, who did not have a diagnosis of lung cancer till then. Use of novel immunohistochemistry markers like thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) may help diagnose the site of the primary tumour with accuracy in this clinical setting.

Abdominal cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome: A cross sectional survey of treatment outcomes.

Objective: Abdominal Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment Syndrome (ACNES) is a common but under recognised cause of chronic abdominal wall Pain. This survey was carried out to understand the clinical course of the condition following interventions such as nerve blocks and surgical release of entrapped nerve.

Design: Retrospective, Cross-sectional survey.

A Lagrangian Thin-Shell Finite Element Method for Interacting Particles on Fluid Membranes.

A recurring motif in soft matter and biophysics is modeling the mechanics of interacting particles on fluid membranes. One of the main outstanding challenges in these applications is the need to model the strong coupling between the substrate deformation and the particles' positions as the latter freely move on the former. This work presents a thin-shell finite element formulation based on subdivision surfaces to compute equilibrium configurations of a thin fluid shell with embedded particles.

Sensory mapping of lumbar facet joint pain: a feasibility study.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of sensory mapping of lumbar facet joint pain in patients scheduled to undergo radiofrequency (RF) denervation.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Gaussian curvature and the budding kinetics of enveloped viruses.

The formation of a membrane-enveloped virus starts with the assembly of a curved layer of capsid proteins lining the interior of the plasma membrane (PM) of the host cell. This layer develops into a spherical shell (capsid) enveloped by a lipid-rich membrane. In many cases, the budding process stalls prior to the release of the virus.

Smectic viral capsids and the aneurysm instability.

The capsids of certain Archaea-infecting viruses undergo large shape changes, while maintaining their integrity against rupture by osmotic pressure. We propose that these capsids are in a smectic liquid crystalline state, with the capsid proteins assembling along spirals. We show that smectic capsids are intrinsically stabilized against the formation of localized bulges with non-zero Gauss curvature while still allowing for large-scale cooperative shape transformation that involves global changes in the Gauss curvature.

Structural studies of tailed spindle virus reveal a structural paradigm used in the assembly of spindle-shaped viruses.

The spindle-shaped virion morphology is common among archaeal viruses, where it is a defining characteristic of many viral families. However, structural heterogeneity intrinsic to spindle-shaped viruses has seriously hindered efforts to elucidate the molecular architecture of these lemon-shaped capsids. We have utilized a combination of cryo-electron microscopy and X-ray crystallography to study tailed spindle virus (ATSV).

Faecal occult blood testing screening for colorectal cancer and 'missed' interval cancers: are we ignoring the elephant in the room? Results of a multicentre study.

Aim: Biennial faecal occult blood testing (FOBT) is used to screen for colorectal cancer throughout the UK. Interval cancers are tumours that develop in patients between screening rounds who have had a negative FOBT. Through a multicentre study, we compared the demographics of patients with interval cancers, FOBT screen detected cancers and cancers that developed in patients who chose not to participate in the screening programme.

Useful scars: Physics of the capsids of archaeal viruses.

We propose a physical model for the capsids of tailed archaeal viruses as viscoelastic membranes under tension. The fluidity is generated by thermal motion of scarlike structures that are an intrinsic feature of the ground state of large particle arrays covering surfaces with nonzero Gauss curvature. The tension is generated by a combination of the osmotic pressure of the enclosed genome and an extension force generated by filamentous structure formation that drives the formation of the tails.

BIS Targeted Propofol Sparing Effects of Dexmedetomidine Versus Ketamine in Outpatient ERCP: A Prospective Randomised Controlled Trial.

Background: Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio Pancreatography (ERCP) is routinely performed under propofol sedation. Adjuvant drugs have improved the quality of propofol sedation while minimizing complications. The aim of the study was to compare the propofol consumption, recovery and hemodynamic profiles of dexmedetomidine versus ketamine against a placebo control with BIS targeted in the sedative range for outpatient ERCP procedures.

Sexual arousal: the correspondence of eyes and genitals.

Men's, more than women's, sexual responses may include a coordination of several physiological indices in order to build their sexual arousal to relevant targets. Here, for the first time, genital arousal and pupil dilation to sexual stimuli were simultaneously assessed. These measures corresponded more strongly with each other, subjective sexual arousal, and self-reported sexual orientation in men than women.

Effects of an intraoperative infusion of 4% succinylated gelatine (Gelofusine(R)) and 6% hydroxyethyl starch (Voluven(R)) on blood volume.

Background: This study aims to study changes in blood volume after 1 litre infusions of Gelofusine(®) [4% succinylated gelatine in 0.7% saline, weight-average molecular weight (MWw) 30 kDa] and Voluven(®) (6% hydroxyethyl starch in 0.9% saline, MWw 130 kDa) in the presence of increased capillary permeability.

Foreign body removal with repair of iatrogenic tracheo-bronchial tear repair: An anesthetic challenge.

Foreign body aspiration into the airway is common in the pediatric age group and its anesthetic management is a challenge. Iatrogenic tracheo-bronchial injury further worsens the situation. Flexible pediatric fiberscope is the gold standard for securing the airway in cases of airway injury.

Donepezil: A cause of inadequate muscle relaxation and delayed neuromuscular recovery.

A 74-year-old female with diabetes mellitus type II and Alzheimer's disease, taking donepezil for 4 months was operated for right modified radical mastectomy under general anesthesia. During the procedure a higher dose of non-depolarizing muscle relaxant was required than those recommended for her age yet the muscle relaxation was inadequate intra-operatively. Residual neuromuscular blockade persisted postoperatively, due to the cumulative effect of large doses of non-depolarizing muscle relaxant, needing post-operative ventilatory assistance.

Effect of prone positioning systems on hemodynamic and cardiac function during lumbar spine surgery: an echocardiographic study.

Study Design: Prospective randomized study of patients undergoing spine surgery.

Objective: To compare changes in hemodynamic and cardiac function after prone positioning using different prone positioners.

Summary Of Background Data: Prone positioning decreases blood pressure and cardiac function.