Lack of secondary hyperparathyroidism in sub-group of vitamin D deficient postmenopausal women: Is VDR gene polymorphism behind this mystery?

Background And Aims: We aimed to determine the cause of non-secondary hyperparathyroidism (Non-SHPT) in Indian postmenopausal women.

Materials & Methods: 334 apparently healthy postmenopausal women were assessed for bone mineral homeostaisis including Vitamin D, PTH and VDR polymorphism.

Results: 83% of the subjects had vitamin D deficiency further associated with VDR gene polymorphism (P 0.

COVID-19 infection, inception and immunity: Observations and recommendations in the light of vitamin D?

Responsive immunity plays an important role fighting against infections. Worldwide, Vitamin D deficiency is a major concern not only for musculoskeletal health but also affecting the immunity status in population. Amidst COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative to establish the role of vitamin D in destruction of pathogens.

COVID-19 and Clinical Trials: Current Challenges and Future Directions.

Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has posed a major threat to people's lives across the globe. It has drastically changed the way we perceive this world. A paradigm shift was observed globally as the world's emphasis shifted to testing, diagnosis, treatment, and developing a coronavirus cure.

Glucodynamics and glucocracy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: clinical evidence and practice-based opinion on modern sulfonylurea use, from an International Expert Group (South Asia, Middle East & Africa) via modified Delphi method.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global epidemic. According to international guidelines, the management protocol of T2DM includes lowering of blood glucose, along with preventing disease-related complications and maintaining optimal quality of life. Further, the guidelines recommend the use of a patient-centric approaches for the management of T2DM; however, Asian population is underrepresented in landmark cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs).

Effect of high dose vitamin d supplementation on vitamin d nutrition status of pre-pubertal children on anti-epileptic drugs - A randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Patients on long term anti-epileptic drug therapy are prone for Vitamin D deficiency for a myriad of reasons. The aim of this research was to study the effect of high dose vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D nutrition status of children newly started on anti-epileptic drug therapy.

Materials: This randomized controlled trial was conducted in a tertiary care Children's Hospital at New Delhi from November 2011 to March 2013.

Gene Polymorphism and Oxidized LDL Levels in Metabolic Syndrome in Indian Population.

Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with abnormal lipid profile and high cardiovascular risk. There is an increased prevalence of coronary artery disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in India. Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor 1(OLR1), a cell surface endocytosis receptor recognize, internalize and degrade oxidized LDL (oxLDL) in vascular endothelium and plays a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

All 25-hydroxyvitamin D-deficient Indian postmenopausal women do not have secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Unlabelled: This study shows a high 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency among postmenopausal women accompanying secondary hyperparathyroidism. However, a sizable number of subjects did not have secondary hyperparathyroidism despite having low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. This condition arises a research question in clinical practice needed to be addressed in the future.

Risk factors and epidemiological profile of hip fractures in Indian population: A case-control study.

Objectives: This analytic retrospective case-control study was designed to analyze risk factors and the epidemiological profile of hip fractures among the Indian population with special importance to the mechanism of injuries.

Methods: Patients of hip fractures (n = 41) and age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (n = 41) were interviewed by a questionnaire regarding the occurrence of the fracture, past history of diseases and long-term medication usage, past and physical activity, supplements, smoking, and alcohol intake. The data were tabulated using descriptive statistics and logistic regression was used to determine significant risk factors.

Prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnancy: An epidemiological study from 11 cities in 9 states of India.

Background: A previous hospital based study from Delhi revealed a high prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnant women. Several other studies with small sample size also indicate a rising trend of prevalence of hypothyroidism during pregnancy in India.

Objective: To assess prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnant women from various states/cities across India.

A rare case of autoimmune hypophysitis presenting as temperature dysregulation.

Autoimmune hypophysitis is a rare cause of pan-hypopituitarism. Hypothalamic involvement in autoimmune hypophysitis is rare and usually manifests as central diabetes insipidus due to antibodies against arginine vasopressin. Temperature dysregulation is occasionally seen with suprasellar tumours but has never been reported with hypophysitis.

Clinical & immunological profile of newly diagnosed patients with youth onset diabetes mellitus.

Background & Objectives: There has been a rise in the incidence of diabetes mellitus in the younger population of India. There are limited data available on the immunological profile of youth onset diabetes mellitus (DM) especially in type 2. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical and immunological profile of youth onset DM in north India.

Hormonal profile in children with isolated hypospadias associates better with comprehensive score of local anatomical factors as compared to meatal location or degree of chordee.

Background: To evaluate if hormonal profile of children with isolated hypospadias (IH) associates better with comprehensive local anatomical factor score (LAFS) than with clinically adjudged urethral meatus location or severity of chordee/k.j.

Material And Methods: Ninety-nine children with IH were enrolled, as per inclusion criteria.

Recurrent hypoglycaemia: a delayed presentation of Sheehan syndrome.

Sheehan syndrome is a rare but potentially serious complication of postpartum haemorrhage. The diagnosis can often be delayed by many years as symptoms may be subtle. We report the case of a 45-year-old woman who presented to the medical emergency unit with acute onset altered sensorium.

Avascular osteonecrosis of femoral head in a postoperative patient of pituitary Cushing's disease.

We describe a rare association of Cushing's disease causing avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head in a patient with operated pituitary macroadenoma. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVN) is not a common cause of musculoskeletal disability. Though AVN of the hip is a well-recognized complication of steroid treatment, it is rare in cases of endogenous hypercortisolism.

A Randomized controlled trial on safety and efficacy of single intramuscular versus staggered oral dose of 600 000IU Vitamin D in treatment of nutritional rickets.

Objective: Comparison of efficacy and safety of two different regimens of vitamin D-600 000 IU as a single intramuscular dose, and 60 000IU orally once a week for 10 weeks-in treatment of nutritional rickets.

Methods: Children with nutritional rickets (age: 0.5-5 years, n = 61) were randomized to receive either 60 000IU vitamin D orally once a week for 10 weeks or 600 000IU single intramuscular injection.

Recurrent symptomatic hypoglycaemia with pancytopenia as a delayed presentation of Sheehan's syndrome with complete recovery after hormone replacement.

A 38-year-old woman presented to our hospital emergency section in altered sensorium and with blood pressure of 80/60 mm Hg. She gave a history of recurrent episodes of loss of consciousness for 15-20 days, generalised body swelling and generalised weakness for the past 5-6 years. On further evaluation she was found to have severe hypoglycaemic episodes.

Successful treatment of acquired pure red cell aplasia with oral corticosteroids in a patient with B-cell CLL.

We present the case of a 57-year-old male patient diagnosed with chronic lymphoid leukaemia (CLL) B-cell type along with moderate anaemia. On follow-up investigations the aetiology of anaemia turned out to be pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) on trephine bone biopsy with an elevated serum erythropoietin level. The patient received blood transfusion support.

Hand grip strength and its correlation with vitamin D in Indian patients with hip fracture.

Unlabelled: This case-control study was performed to evaluate 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency and its correlation with hand grip strength in 95 Indian hip fracture subjects and 95 controls. 25(OH)D deficiency was found in 88.4 % of hip fracture subjects that was significantly higher as compared to controls.

MEN2B syndrome presenting as an acute respiratory emergency.

An 18-year-old girl presented to the emergency department with a history of noisy breathing and breathlessness progressively increasing for few days. The patient had stridor and tachypnoea. She was tall with a long thin face, wrist sign and high-arched palate suggestive of marfanoid features.

Evaluation of autonomic functions in subclinical hypothyroid and hypothyroid patients.

Background: Autonomic dysfunction may contribute to cardiovascular morbidity in subclinical hypothyroid patients. It is controversial whether the abnormality exists in sympathetic or the parasympathetic function. It is also not known whether the severity of autonomic dysfunction is related to the degree of thyroid deficiency.

Acute psychosis as a presentation of hypopituitarism.

Acute onset neuropsychiatric manifestations in hypopituitarism are uncommon. We report a case of a 60-year-old man who was a follow-up case of macroprolactinoma with hypopituitarism for the last 9 years. He was on medical treatment with cabergoline, thyroxine and depot testosterone.