Paraneoplastic glomerulopathies associated with hematologic malignancies.

Paraneoplastic glomerulopathy (PG) includes a group of glomerular lesions that are not directly related to tumor burden, invasion, or metastasis, but induced by products from tumor cells such as hormones, growth factors, cytokines, and tumor antigens. PG was first described by Galloway in 1922, in which nephrotic syndrome (NS) secondary to Hodgkin's lymphoma was reported. They can present before, at the time of diagnosis, during remission, or at relapse of the hematological malignancies.