Chitosan stabilized lemon essential oil nanoemulsion controls black mold rot and maintains quality of table grapes.

Aspergillus carbonarius infection leads to black mold rot in table grapes, causes grape decay, reduces fruit quality and marketability, which produces significant economic losses. This study investigated the antifungal efficacy of chitosan-stabilized lemon essential oil nanoemulsion (LO-CNE) against A. carbonarius and black mold rot of table grapes.

Volatile Organic Compounds of Prevent Postharvest Black Spot Disease in Tomato.

Postharvest diseases, such as black spots caused by , have caused huge economic losses to the tomato industry and seriously restricted its development. In recent years, biological control has become a new method to control postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables. Our research group screened , a yeast demonstrating a promising control effect on a postharvest black spot disease of tomatoes, and explored its physiological mechanism of prevention and control.

Revisiting the current and emerging concepts of postharvest fresh fruit and vegetable pathology for next-generation antifungal technologies.

Fungal infections of fresh fruits and vegetables (FFVs) can lead to safety problems, including consumer poisoning by mycotoxins. Various strategies exist to control fungal infections of FFVs, but their effectiveness and sustainability are limited. Recently, new concepts based on the microbiome and pathobiome have emerged and offer a more holistic perspective for advancing postharvest pathogen control techniques.

Recent advances in the multifaceted functions of Cys2/His2-type zinc finger proteins in plant growth, development, and stress responses.

Recent research has highlighted the importance of Cys2/His2-type zinc finger proteins (C2H2-ZFPs) in plant growth and in responses to various stressors, and the complex structures of C2H2-ZFP networks and the molecular mechanisms underlying their responses to stress have received considerable attention. Here, we review the structural characteristics and classification of C2H2-ZFPs, and consider recent research advances in their functions. We systematically introduce the roles of these proteins across diverse aspects of plant biology, encompassing growth and development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, and in doing so hope to lay the foundations for further functional studies of C2H2-ZFPs in the future.

Study on the control effect and physiological mechanism of Wickerhamomyces anomalus on primary postharvest diseases of peach fruit.

Brown rot, aspergillosis and soft rot are the primary diseases of postharvest peach fruit. Our study aimed to investigate the biocontrol effect of Wickerhamomyces anomalus on the primary postharvest diseases of peach fruit and to explore its underlying physiological mechanism. The findings demonstrated that W.

Regulates the Growth, Development, Patulin Production, and Pathogenicity of Infecting Pear Fruits.

In this study, the role of in the infection of pear fruit by was investigated. The gene was knocked out and complemented by -mediated homologous recombination technology. Then, the changes in growth, development, and pathogenic processes of the knockout mutant and the complement mutant were analyzed.

Genome wide and comprehensive analysis of the cytochrome P450 (CYPs) gene family in Pyrus bretschneideri: Expression patterns during Sporidiobolus pararoseus Y16 enhanced with ascorbic acid (VC) treatment.

Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) constitute the largest group of enzymes in plants and are involved in a variety of processes related to growth and protection. However, the CYP gene superfamily in pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) and their characteristics is unclear. Through a comprehensive genome-wide analysis, this article identified a total of 74 CYP genes in the P.

Characterization of a Bacillus velezensis strain as a potential biocontrol agent against soft rot of eggplant fruits.

Postharvest soft rot of eggplant fruits caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum is a bacterial disease with a high disease incidence and produces substantial economic losses. This study aimed to control postharvest soft rot of eggplant fruits by Bacillus velezensis and investigate the possible control mechanisms based on the effects of B. velezensis on P.

Biotechnological and Biocontrol Approaches for Mitigating Postharvest Diseases Caused by Fungal Pathogens and Their Mycotoxins in Fruits: A Review.

Postharvest diseases caused by fungal pathogens are significant contributors to the postharvest losses of fruits. Moreover, some fungal pathogens produce mycotoxins, which further compromise the safety and quality of fruits. In this review, the potential of biotechnological and biocontrol approaches for mitigating postharvest diseases and mycotoxins in fruits is explored.

TMT-Based Proteomic Analysis of -Induced Apple Resistance-Related Proteins.

Studies on the molecular mechanism of antagonistic yeasts to control apple postharvest diseases are not comprehensive enough. Our preliminary investigations screened the biocontrol effect of , an antagonistic yeast, and discovered its control efficacy on apple blue mold decay. However, the molecular mechanism of -induced resistance in apple has not been studied.

Molecular Response of to Patulin: Transcriptomic-Based Analysis.

Patulin (PAT), mainly produced by , is a potential threat to health. In recent years, PAT removal using antagonistic yeasts has become a hot research topic. , isolated by our group, produced antagonistic effects against the postharvest diseases of pears and could degrade PAT in vivo or in vitro.

Overexpression of the SDR gene improves the ability of Meyerozyma guilliermondii to degrade patulin in pears and juices.

The intracellular enzymes of antagonistic yeast are effective in controlling patulin (PAT) contamination. However, countless enzymes that have been revealed remain functionally uncharacterized. The study built on previous transcriptomic data obtained by our research group to amplify and express a gene encoding a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) in Meyerozyma guilliermondii.

Sustainable and efficient method utilizing N-acetyl-L-cysteine for complete and enhanced ochratoxin A clearance by antagonistic yeast.

With the increasing global climate change, ochratoxin A (OTA) pollution in food and environment has become a serious and potential risk element threatening food safety and human health. Biodegradation of mycotoxin is an eco-friendly and efficient control strategy. Still, research works are warranted to develop low-cost, efficient, and sustainable approaches to enhance the mycotoxin degradation efficiency of microorganisms.

Screening and Regulation Mechanism of Key Transcription Factors of Infecting Postharvest Pears by ATAC-Seq Analysis.

Transcription factors play a key role in infection process. Although the crucial characteristics of some transcription factors of pathogenic fungi have been found, many transcription factors involved in infections have not been explored and studied. This study aimed to screen the transcription factors of involved in postharvest pear infections by ATAC-seq analysis and to analyze the differentially expressed peak-related genes by GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis.

Unveiling ochratoxin a controlling and biodetoxification molecular mechanisms: Opportunities to secure foodstuffs from OTA contamination.

Anarchic growth of ochratoxin A (OTA) producing fungi during crop production, prolonged storage, and processing results in OTA contamination in foodstuffs. OTA in food exacerbates the risk of health and economic problems for consumers and farmers worldwide. Although the toxic effects of OTA on human health have not been well established, comprehensive preventive and remedial measures will be essential to eliminate OTA from foodstuffs.

Study on the biocontrol effect and physiological mechanism of Hannaella sinensis on the blue mold decay of apples.

Blue mold decay is a major postharvest disease of apples, causing considerable losses to the apple industry. In the early stage of this research, an antagonistic yeast, Hannaella sinensis, with a good control effect on the blue mold of apples, was selected. On this basis, the main purpose of this work was to study the biocontrol effect of H.

The necrosis-inducing protein (NIP) gene contributes to Penicillium expansum virulence during postharvest pear infection.

Penicillium expansum is the causative fungus of blue mold decay in postharvest pears resulting in substantial economic losses. Investigating P. expansum-pear fruit interactions is necessary to help develop P.

Transcriptome Characterization and Expression Profiles of Disease Defense-Related Genes of Table Grapes in Response to Induced with Chitosan.

Transcriptome analysis (TA) was conducted to characterize the transcriptome changes in postharvest disease-related genes of table grapes following treatment with induced with chitosan (1% /). In the current study, the difference in the gene expression of table grapes after treatment with induced with chitosan and that of a control group was compared 72 h post-inoculation. The study revealed that postharvest treatment of table grapes with induced with chitosan could up-regulate genes that have a pivotal role in the fruit's disease defense.

Effect of on patulin degradation and toxicity of degradation products.

is an antagonistic yeast for which our research team has recently reported interesting biocontrol activities against blue mould decay of apples and a strong ability to decrease the patulin concentration . However, the possible mechanisms of patulin degradation by and the toxicity of patulin degradation products remain unclear. In this study, the effect of on patulin degradation and toxicity of degradation products were investigated, the results showed that viable cells of are essential to patulin degradation.

Trehalose supplementation enhanced the biocontrol efficiency of Sporidiobolus pararoseus Y16 through increased oxidative stress tolerance and altered transcriptome.

Background: In the process of biological control, the antagonistic yeasts contend with various stresses that negatively influence yeasts' biocontrol efficiency. In the current study, we investigated the effect of trehalose supplementation on the biocontrol efficiency and oxidative stress tolerance of Sporidiobolus pararoseus Y16.

Results: S.

Securing fruit production: Opportunities from the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of postharvest fungal infections.

Fruit-based diets have been adopted by the public worldwide because of their nutritional value. Many advances have also been made in the elucidation of host-pathogen interaction in the postharvest phase of fruits, in the hope of improving the management of diseases caused by pathogenic molds. In this study, we presented the molecular mechanisms by which pathogenic mold infects fruit in the postharvest phase, and focused on the knowledge gained from recent molecular techniques such as differential analysis of gene expression, targeted insertion, and mutagenesis.

Elucidation of the Initial Growth Process and the Infection Mechanism of on Postharvest Citrus ( Blanco).

Green mold disease, a common citrus post-harvest disease caused by , has an unresolved initial infection mechanism. Understanding the infection mechanism leads to the development of potential controls and preventive measures against the disease. The present study aimed to delineate the infection mechanism by investigating spore germination, changes of organic molecules and enzyme activity, and differential expression of genes in the infection.

S-Adenosylmethionine-Dependent Methyltransferase Helps Degrade Patulin.

Patulin contamination not only is a menace to human health but also causes serious environmental problems worldwide due to the synthetic fungicides that are used to control it. This study focused on investigating the patulin degradation mechanism in at the molecular level. According to the results, (2 × 10 cells/mL) was able to degrade patulin from 20 μg/mL to an undetectable level in 72 h.

Anticancer activity of silver and copper embedded chitin nanocomposites against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells.

Chitin is a natural biopolymer widely used in biomedical and environmental applications due to its distinctive physical, chemical and mechanical properties. Although the anticancer property of chitin nanoforms and chitin derivatives against various cancers were studied earlier, there is no report in the chitin nanostructure incorporated metal nanocomposite. The present study was aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity of chitin incorporated silver and copper nanocomposite against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells.