Background: Hump-nosed viper (Hypnale species) bites are an important cause of mortality and morbidity in southern India and Sri Lanka, accounting for 27 and 77% of venomous snake bites, respectively. Previously, we knew them to be moderately venomous snakes, primarily causing local envenomation. However, recent reports have indicated severe systemic envenomation incidents, which include hemostatic dysfunction, microangiopathic hemolysis, kidney injury, myocardial toxicity, and even death.
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