Impact of Extreme Prematurity, Chorioamnionitis, and Sepsis on Neonatal Monocyte Characteristics and Functions.

Introduction: The innate branch of the immune system is important in early life, in particular for infants born preterm.

Methods: We performed a longitudinal analysis of the peripheral monocyte compartment in extremely preterm children from a randomized, placebo-controlled study of probiotic supplementation. PBMCs and fecal samples were collected at several timepoints during the first months of life.

Effects of extremely preterm birth on cytokine and chemokine responses induced by T-cell activation during infancy.

Objectives: Extremely preterm (EPT; gestational week < 28 + 0, < 1000 g) neonates are vulnerable to infections and necrotising enterocolitis, important contributors to mortality and morbidity. However, knowledge regarding their immune maturation remains limited. We here investigated the longitudinal development of functional T-cell capacity in EPT infants.

Immune-related microRNAs in breast milk and their relation to regulatory T cells in breastfed children.

Background: The immunomodulatory capacity of breast milk may partially be mediated by microRNAs (miRNA), small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression on a post-transcriptional level and are hypothesized to be involved in modulation of immunological pathways. Here, we evaluate the expression of immune-related miRNAs in breast milk after pre- and postnatal supplementation with Limosilactobacillus reuteri and omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and the association to infant regulatory T cell (Treg) frequencies.

Methods: One-hundred and twenty women included in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled allergy intervention trial received L.

Intralymphatic immunotherapy with birch and grass pollen extracts. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Introduction: There is a need to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT) for inducing tolerance in patients with allergic rhinitis.

Methods: Thirty-seven patients with seasonal allergic symptoms to birch and grass pollen and skin prick test >3 mm and/or IgE to birch and timothy >0.35 kU/L were randomized to either ILIT, with three doses of 0.

T cell epitopes of Per a 10 modulate local-systemic immune responses and airway inflammation by augmenting Th1 and T regulatory cell functions in murine model.

Peptide immunotherapy (PIT) represents a safe and efficacious therapeutic modality for allergic diseases. Present study evaluates immunotherapeutic potential of T cell peptides of major cockroach allergen, Per a 10 in murine model of airway allergy. Treatment with peptides T-P8 and T-P10 demonstrated maximal resolution of pathophysiological features such as reduced recruitment of inflammatory cells to airways, lowered specific IgE, induction of IgG2a antibodies in serum, immune deviation towards Th1 cytokine milieu, suppression of Th2 cytokines in BALF and splenocyte culture supernatant and resolution of lung inflammation.

Immunogenic peptides: B & T Cell Epitopes of Per a 10 Allergen of Periplaneta americana.

Mapping of B and T cell epitopes of an allergen can be utilised in the development of alternative therapeutic modalities and diagnostics. The present study was aimed to identify B and T cell epitopes of Per a 10, a major cockroach allergen, by computational tools and subsequent validation by in vitro experiments. Per a 10 three-dimensional structure was homology modelled using structure of anionic trypsin from pacific chum salmon as a template.

Intranasal administration of a combination of choline chloride, vitamin C, and selenium attenuates the allergic effect in a mouse model of airway disease.

Respiratory allergic disease is an inflammatory condition accompanied by oxidative stress. Supplementation of an anti-inflammatory agent with antioxidants may have a therapeutic effect. In this study, the effects of choline chloride in combination with antioxidants were evaluated via the intranasal route in a mouse model of allergic airway disease.

Characterization of recombinant per a 10 from Periplaneta americana.

Cockroach allergen is a major risk factor for IgE-mediated allergic response and asthma in sensitized individuals. Serine proteases have been identified from various sources and characterized as major allergens. The present study was aimed to express and characterize recombinant allergen Per a 10 (rPer a 10) from Periplaneta americana.