Effect of Preoperative Corticosteroid Injections on Postoperative Risk of Periprosthetic Joint Infection and Revision Surgery After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

In total joint arthroplasty, periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) can be devastating. Corticosteroid injections (CSIs) are commonly administered for temporary pain relief in the setting of various conditions. Therefore, the current systematic review aims to evaluate whether CSIs administered prior to total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) are a risk factor for PJI and revision surgery.

Predictive accuracy of fecal calprotectin for histologic remission in ulcerative colitis.

Background/aims: Accurate assessment of disease activity is crucial for effective management and treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). This study evaluated the correlation between clinical, endoscopic, and histologic measures of disease activity in UC.

Methods: Clinical, biochemical, endoscopic, and histologic disease activity was studied in 347 patients with UC.

What Psychiatrists Should Know About Prescribed Safer Opioid Supply.

What Psychiatrists Should Know About Prescribed Safer Opioid Supply.

Accelerated aging of skeletal muscle and the immune system in patients with chronic liver disease.

Patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) often present with significant frailty, sarcopenia, and impaired immune function. However, the mechanisms driving the development of these age-related phenotypes are not fully understood. To determine whether accelerated biological aging may play a role in CLD, epigenetic, transcriptomic, and phenotypic assessments were performed on the skeletal muscle tissue and immune cells of CLD patients and age-matched healthy controls.

Association of Baseline Magnetic Resonance Imaging Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System Score With Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance Early Biopsy Reclassification: Data From the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative (MUSIC).

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the association of baseline MRI Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) score with biopsy reclassification in a multicenter active surveillance (AS) cohort.

Materials And Methods: We identified men in the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative registry (46 hospital-based/academic/private practice urology groups) with National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) low-risk and favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer who underwent MRI within 6 months before or after initial biopsy and enrolled in AS from June 2016 to January 2021. The primary objective was to determine the association of baseline MRI PI-RADS score (≥4 lesion) with reclassification to high-grade prostate cancer (≥grade group 3) on surveillance biopsy.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided portal pressure gradient measurement: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided portal pressure gradient measurement (EUS-PPG) is a new modality where the portal pressure is measured by directly introducing a needle into the hepatic vein and portal vein. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of EUS-PPG.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify pertinent studies.

A Case of μ Heavy and λ Light Chain Amyloidosis in a Patient With Bi-Clonal (IgM κ and λ) Gammopathy Treated With Daratumumab.

Our case report is of an elderly male with a history of IgM κ lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) presenting with generalized neuropathy and weakness. Due to his LPL history and worsening renal function, he underwent a renal biopsy revealing the presence of μ heavy and λ light chains, revealing a diagnosis of amyloidosis with unbound heavy & light chains (AHL), a rare type of amyloidosis. His bone marrow biopsy demonstrated κ light chain restriction by flow cytometry and amyloid deposition.

Impact of aspirin use on rates of metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer: insights from the National Inpatient Sample.

Despite advancing treatment methods, esophageal cancer (EC) maintains a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. Through various mechanisms, aspirin has been suggested to have a chemopreventive effect on EC. However, the long-term impact, particularly regarding the rate of metastasis, needs to be further elucidated.

No Difference in Most Reported Outcome Measures for Allograft Versus Autograft for Hip Labral Reconstruction: A Systematic Review of Comparative Studies.

Purpose: To systematically review studies comparing outcomes of allograft versus autograft for hip labral reconstruction.

Methods: A systematic review following guidelines established by PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) was performed in 3 databases using the terms "labrum," "hip," "acetabulum," "reconstruction," "augmentation," "allograft," and "autograft." Data on study characteristics, patient demographic characteristics, follow-up time, patient-reported outcomes (PROs), rates of revision surgery, and rates of conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA) were collected.

Deep learning for automatic organ and tumor segmentation in nanomedicine pharmacokinetics.

: Multimodal imaging provides important pharmacokinetic and dosimetry information during nanomedicine development and optimization. However, accurate quantitation is time-consuming, resource intensive, and requires anatomical expertise. : We present NanoMASK: a 3D U-Net adapted deep learning tool capable of rapid, automatic organ segmentation of multimodal imaging data that can output key clinical dosimetry metrics without manual intervention.

Role of Cerebral Embolic Protection Devices in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: An Updated Meta-Analysis.

Background: Cerebral embolic protection devices (CEPD) capture embolic material in an attempt to reduce ischemic brain injury during transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Prior reports have indicated mixed results regarding the benefits of these devices. With new data emerging, we performed an updated meta-analysis examining the effect of CEPD during transcatheter aortic valve replacement on various clinical, neurological, and safety parameters.

Forty-One to 75% of Patients Achieve a Patient Acceptable Symptomatic State After Endoscopic Repair of Hip Abductor Tendon Tears: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To systematically review clinical and functional outcomes of endoscopic repairs of hip abductor tendon tears.

Methods: A search following guidelines established by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses was performed in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases using variations of the terms "endoscopy," "gluteus medius," "hip abductor," "outcome," "success," and "failure." Data for patient demographics, tear severity and location, patient-reported outcomes (PROs), clinical benefit, and rates of retears and revision surgery were collected and tabulated.

Outcomes of Arthroscopic Joint Preservation Techniques for Chondral Lesions in the Hip: An Updated Systematic Review.

Purpose: To systematically review outcomes of joint preservation procedures for chondral lesions of the hip through analysis of survival rates and patient-reported outcomes (PROs).

Methods: A literature search from 2018 to May 2023 was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines in 3 databases: PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. Studies were included if they reported on outcomes of patients undergoing hip arthroscopy for the treatment of chondral lesions of the hip joint and if there were quantifiable postoperative outcome measures.

Quantitative Pharmacokinetics Reveal Impact of Lipid Composition on Microbubble and Nanoprogeny Shell Fate.

Microbubble-enabled focused ultrasound (MB-FUS) has revolutionized nano and molecular drug delivery capabilities. Yet, the absence of longitudinal, systematic, quantitative studies of microbubble shell pharmacokinetics hinders progress within the MB-FUS field. Microbubble radiolabeling challenges contribute to this void.

An Interesting Case of Refractory Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in the First Trimester of a Twin Pregnancy.

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare pregnancy complication characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and consumption thrombocytopenia. We herein describe the case report of a 32-year-old woman who was six weeks pregnant with twins and developed thrombotic thrombocytic purpura (TTP). The patient had a history of sickle cell trait, migraines, and preeclampsia.

Prostate Cancer Disparities in Metastatic and Treatment Status for Hispanic Americans Based on Country of Origin Compared to Non-Hispanic Whites Using the National Cancer Database.

Introduction: Among Hispanic-American (HA) men, prostatic cancer (PCa) accounts for nearly one-quarter of the total cancer burden. We sought to identify differences in PCa presentation and treatment status for HA subgroups based on country/region of origin.

Material And Methods: Using the National Cancer Database, we identified patients with histologically confirmed prostate adenocarcinoma with reported race/ethnicity, clinical staging, Gleason score ≥ 6, and PSA level at diagnosis from 2010 to 2016.

Prostatic Urethral Length on MRI Potentially Predicts Late Genitourinary Toxicity After Prostate Cancer Radiation.

Rationale And Objectives: The purpose of our study was to evaluate pretreatment prostate quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements and clinical characteristics in predicting genitourinary (GU) toxicity after radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: In this single-institution retrospective cohort study, we evaluated patients with prostate adenocarcinoma who underwent MRI within 6 months before completing definitive RT and follow-up information in our GU toxicity database from June 2016 to February 2023. MRI measurements included quantitative urethra, prostate, and bladder measurements.

Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy With Tisagenlecleucel for Secondary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: A Case Series.

Relapsed or refractory (R/R) large B cell lymphoma (LBCL) presenting as secondary central nervous system lymphoma (SCNSL) carries a poor prognosis, with a median survival time of two to five months. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has been approved in R/R LBCL, but studies are ongoing to understand its efficacy and safety for SCNSL. Axicabtagene ciloleucel or tisagenlecleucel have been shown to attain high response rates in some retrospective studies; however, response durability continues to be unclear.

Myelodysplastic Syndrome After Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy: A Case Series.

The utility of CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T cell) therapy in the management of refractory/relapsed B-cell malignancies has increased tremendously in recent times. In addition to cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity, and infections, CAR-T cell patients develop cytopenias, with about 15% of the patients continuing to have severe cytopenias up to three months after treatment. Retrospective reviews have reported the development of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in patients undergoing CAR-T cell therapy.

Culture-Negative Fibrinous Peritonitis in a Postpartum Female.

Peritonitis is inflammation of the peritoneum that can arise from a number of complications affecting the lining of the abdominal wall and organs. Acute abdomen and peritonitis is a rare complication in a previously healthy woman following a seemingly uncomplicated normal full-term vaginal delivery. We report such a case in a 20-year-old gravida 2 para 2 (G2P2) woman of Guatemalan descent, who presented nine days postpartum following an uncomplicated delivery, to the emergency room with acute abdomen and associated systemic inflammatory reaction.