Pedicled hand fillet flap to preserve stump length in below-elbow amputation.

Spare-parts surgery in traumatic amputation sources tissue from the amputated part to cover the residual amputation defect. This case describes a trauma patient requiring below-elbow amputation. Stump closure was accomplished with a pedicled fillet flap derived from the still-attached hand, avoiding donor site morbidity and maximizing stump length.

Management of persistent wide QRS in flecainide overdose with magnesium sulphate.

Magnesium sulphate was added to conventional medical therapy in the treatment of persistent severe hypotension and wide QRS complex tachyarrhythmia in an 18-year-old woman presenting with a 1200 mg flecainide overdose. Blood pressure was restored with associated resolution of the electrocardiogram abnormalities.

Locally administered ketorolac and bupivacaine for control of postoperative pain in breast augmentation patients: part II. 10-day follow-up.

Background: Previously, it was shown that locally applied intraoperative ketorolac and bupivacaine significantly reduced pain in the recovery room. The objective of this study was to test the effectiveness of the same solution over the first 10 days.

Methods: This study was a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial with ethical approval.

Use of subsampled traffic data to estimate roadway emissions, including conversion to MOBILE6 vehicle classifications.

Air quality is degraded by many factors, among which the emissions from on-road vehicles play a significant role. Timely and accurate estimate of such emissions becomes very important for policy-making and effective control measures. However, lack of traffic data and outdated emission software make this task difficult.

Principal biogeochemical factors affecting the speciation and transport of mercury through the terrestrial environment.

It is increasingly becoming known that mercury transport and speciation in the terrestrial environment play major roles in methyl-mercury bioaccumulation potential in surface water. This review discusses the principal biogeochemical reactions affecting the transport and speciation of mercury in the terrestrial watershed. The issues presented are mercury-ligand formation, mercury adsorption/desorption, and elemental mercury reduction and volatilization.

Locally administered ketorolac and bupivacaine for control of postoperative pain in breast augmentation patients.

With recent developments in the field of analgesia, the question arises whether there is a role for placing local anesthetics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or both into the breast implant pocket. The objective of this study was to test the effectiveness of locally administered intraoperative ketorolac and bupivacaine with epinephrine at reducing pain in the postoperative period. The study was a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

Extensor digitorum brevis manus: A case of fourth-compartment syndrome.

The presence of an extensor digitorum brevis manus represents a variation of the normal anatomy of the fourth extensor compartment of the wrist. It usually presents as a swelling on the dorsum of the wrist and is often inaccurately diagnosed. An awareness of its existence and of its characteristic appearance on diagnostic imaging studies is the basis for diagnosis.

Modulation of a renal estrogen receptor by protein kinase C.

In this paper we demonstrate the existence of specific, high affinity 17-beta estradiol binding in MDBK cells (a normal non-transformed renal cell line). Scatchard analysis revealed binding characteristics typical of the estrogen receptor (ER). Only unlabelled 17-beta estradiol, diethyl stilbestrol and estrone effectively competed with [3H] 17-beta estradiol for binding, other steroids did not compete.

Age-associated changes in the estrogen receptor-active proteases of female rabbit liver.

Female rabbit liver cytosol contains a receptor-modifying activity that converts the 250,000 estrogen receptor of liver and uterine cytosol to a 37,000 form. There is an age-dependent increase in this receptor-active protease and in the general protease activity of rabbit liver cytosol, measured with [14C]casein. Sephacryl S-200 chromatography of liver cytosol shows that in the young animal (5 weeks old) the major receptor-modifying activity elutes near the void volume, while in the older animal (13 weeks old) activities having lower molecular weights are present.

Factors influencing the uptake of cholesterol by isolated brush border membranes from rabbit small intestine.

The uptake of [3H] cholesterol by isolated brush border membranes from rabbit small intestine was studied under different conditions. In initial experiments the uptake from taurocholate-micellized suspensions was found to be greatly enhanced by Ca2+. Maximum stimulation was obtained with 10 mM Ca2+ and this condition was adopted for some of the subsequent experiments.

Studies on the uptake of fatty acids by brush border membranes of the rabbit intestine.

Initial studies revealed that the uptake of palmitic acid and oleic acid into brush border membranes was similar when these were isolated from either whole small intestine, jejunum, or ileum. The uptake of these fatty acids was somewhat lower with membranes obtained from duodenum. Subsequent studies, all with membranes obtained from whole intestine, indicated an increase in binding with chain length of fatty acid of up to 16 carbons.

Age-dependent changes in the multiple forms of the soluble 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase of female rabbit liver.

The soluble NADP-dependent 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity of female rabbit liver increases with the age of the animal, the specific activity of the enzyme in the 56-day-old rabbit being 3 times that of the 28-day-old animal. The increase in activity is accompanied by a change in the molecular heterogeneity of the enzyme. Three forms (enzymes I, II and III) were identified in the liver cytosol of the 56-day-old female rabbit, whereas only one major form (enzyme IIIY) was present in the 28-day-old animal.

A 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase of female rabbit liver cytosol. Purification and characterization of multiple forms of the enzyme.

Multiple forms of the soluble 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase of female rabbit liver were identified. NAD-dependent and NADP-dependent enzyme activities were separated by affinity chromatography on agarose-immobilized Procion Red HE3B, and three forms of the NADP-dependent enzyme activity were purified by chromatofocusing. These three enzyme forms are charge isomers and have no quaternary structure.

Studies on the mechanism of cholesterol uptake and on the effects of bile salts on this uptake by brush-border membranes isolated from rabbit small intestine.

The effect of bile salts and other surfactants on the rate of incorporation of cholesterol into isolated brush-border membranes was tested. At constant cholesterol concentration, a stimulatory effect of taurocholate was noticed which increased as the bile salt concentration was raised to 20 mM. Taurodeoxycholate was as effective as taurocholate at concentrations of up to 5 mM and inhibited at higher concentrations.

The effect of phosphoglycerides on the incorporation of cholesterol into isolated brush-border membranes from rabbit small intestine.

The incorporation of cholesterol from bile salt micelles into brush-border membranes was found to be similar whether these originated from jejunum, ileum or whole small intestine. This incorporation, however, was appreciably lower in membranes obtained from duodenum. Studies pursued with membranes from whole small intestine revealed that dipalmitoyl or dioleoylphosphatidylcholine, when micellized together with the sterol and taurocholate markedly inhibited the incorporation.

Uptake of 17 beta-estradiol and its conjugates by isolated rabbit liver nuclei.

The present study compares the uptake and metabolism of 17 beta-estradiol, 17 beta-estradiol 3-glucoside, and 17 beta-estradiol 3-glucuronide by a highly purified preparation of rabbit liver nuclei. The uptake of the three estrogens was rapid and equilibration was reached within 60 s. The order of uptake was 17 beta-estradiol (64 fmol X mg protein -1) greater than 17 beta-estradiol 3-glucoside (10 fmol X mg protein -1) greater than 17 beta-estradiol 3-glucuronide (6.

A highly sensitive method for identification of amino termini of proteins: application to multiple forms of poly(C)-avid ribonuclease and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.

A radiochemical method for the determination of the amino terminus on very small amounts (0.5-5 nmol) of protein is described. The high sensitivity of the method is achieved by using undiluted 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitro-[3,5-3H]benzene [( 3H]Dnp-F) as the labelling reagent under conditions in which a maximum amount of radioactive label is incorporated.

The effects of high pass filtered speech on speech discrimination.

This study was designed to determine the intelligibility of speech at two intensity levels using two different conditions (broad band and high pass filtered speech) and to determine the vowels and consonants most affected by the conditions imposed. The ten subjects were all stimulated with 50 words of the CID W-22 series at two levels of intensity (30 db SL and 15 dB SL) each in the filtered and broad-band (unfiltered) conditions. The results tended to indicate that the type of condition (filtered or unfiltered) did not affect the speech comprehension until the intensity of the filtered signal approached 15 dB SL.

Comparative studies of the 17 beta-estradiol receptors in rabbit liver, kidney and uterus.

The cytosol 17 beta-estradiol receptors from rabbit kidney, liver and uterus, compared under identical experimental conditions, were similar in terms of their pH-activity profiles, dependence on incubation temperature, sensitivity to sulfhydryl reagents and steroid specificity. 17 beta-[3H]-Estradiol binding was saturable with all three tissues, having an apparent dissociation constant of 4 X 10(-10)M. The binding of 17 beta-[3H]-estradiol in kidney, liver and uterus was inhibited by estrogens, including estrogen conjugates, but not by testosterone, progesterone or cortisol.

Interaction of lipids with intestinal brush border membrane preparations.

Conditions for uptake of lipids by rabbit intestinal brush border membrane preparations were investigated. A variety of lipids were found to be incorporated, including choline and ethanolamine phosphatides as well as cholesterol, diglyceride, and fatty acid. The incorporation of those lipids tested was enhanced by Ca2+ and other divalent cations but not by monovalent cations.

Comparison of the multiple forms of the soluble 3(17) alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases of female rabbit kidney and liver.

Multiple forms of the soluble 17 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases of female rabbit liver and kidney having similar purification characteristics and isoelectric points were compared with regard to their relative rates of oxidation and reduction of estrogen and androgen substrates, their kinetic parameters and their primary structures. All of the enzyme forms exhibited both 3 alpha- and 17 alpha-enzyme activity toward androgen substrates and the oxidation of the 17 alpha-hydroxysteroid epitestosterone was competitively inhibited by the 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid androsterone. The most basic enzyme forms from liver and kidney had similar relative activities toward estrogen and androgen substrates in the oxidative direction but differed in their activities in the reductive direction.

A 3(17) alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase of female rabbit kidney cytosol. Purification and characterization of multiple forms of the enzyme.

A mammalian hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase having both 3 alpha- and 17 alpha-enzyme activity is described for the first time. Multiple forms of this 3(17) alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase are present in the cytosol of female rabbit kidney. Four forms of this enzyme were resolved by a purification procedure which included DEAE-cellulose chromatography and isoelectric focusing and three of the isolated enzymes were homogeneous on the basis of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Estrone beta-glucosidase activity in human placenta.

The 105 000g supernatant from human placental homogenates, prepared in the presence of sodium taurocholate and Cutscum, contained beta-glucosidase activity towards estrone glucoside as well as towards 4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside (4-MU-glucoside) and glucocerebroside. After partial purification, the estrone glucosidase was found to be active only after the addition of negatively charged phospholipid, whereas the other beta-glucosidases did not exhibit this requirement. The estrone glucosidase was separated from the 4-MU-glucosidase by chromatography on Sephadex G-200 with 0.