Deubiquitinase USP29 correlates RORγt expression and its association with thymoma myasthenia gravis.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the expression of deubiquitylases USP29 in thymomas with myasthenia gravis (MG) and research associated immunological processes.

Methods: 69 MG patients with thymomas, 21 thymoma patients without MG, and 31 healthy controls were classified into three groups (categories): group with MG-associated thymoma (MG-T), group with non-MG-associated thymoma (NMG-T), and group with healthy controls (HC). In thymomas, the mRNA and protein levels of RORγt and USP29 were examined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) and western blotting.

Increased cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain in central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating disease.

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory demyelinating disease (IDD) is an immune-mediated disease that is pathologically characterized by demyelination and inflammatory infiltration in the CNS and includes clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), multiple sclerosis (MS), and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). IDD is usually characterized by variable symptoms, multivariate imaging, uncertain reactions to treatment, and a variable prognosis, which makes it difficult to diagnose early. In recent years, the role of the neurofilament light chain (NFL), an axonal injury biomarker, in IDD has become increasingly important.

Vascular endothelial growth factor improves the cognitive decline of Alzheimer's disease via concurrently inducing the expression of ADAM10 and reducing the expression of β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 in Tg2576 mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is primarily characterized by the production and deposit of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) in β-amyloid plaques (APs). On this basis, we investigated whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a growth factor with important neuroprotective activity, may provide a therapeutic opportunity for treating AD. We initially found that the expression and production of VEGF was downregulated in the brains of Tg2576 mice during the course of AD development and progression.

PGC-1α or FNDC5 Is Involved in Modulating the Effects of Aβ Oligomers on Suppressing the Expression of BDNF, a Beneficial Factor for Inhibiting Neuronal Apoptosis, Aβ Deposition and Cognitive Decline of APP/PS1 Tg Mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is generally defined as the aberrant production of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein, which are deposited in β-amyloid plaques (APs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), respectively. Decreased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have been detected in patients with AD compared to control subjects. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms driving the downregulation of the BDNF remain unknown.

[Analysis of serum lipid level in patients with multiple system atrophy].

Objective: To explore the serum levels of lipids and lipoproteins in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA).

Methods: From July 2009 to June 2014, a total of 62 MSA patients from the neurology department of our hospital were enrolled as the case group and 63 healthy individuals were enrolled as control group. The serum levels of lipids and lipoproteins were compared between two groups and also analyzed according to gender, age and disease subtypes.