Tracing residual patterns and microbial communities of pharmaceuticals and personal care products from 17 urban landfills leachate in China.

Landfill leachate contributes significantly to the presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment, and is a crucial source of contamination. To examine the occurrence of PPCPs and microbial communities, this study comprehensively investigated the concentrations of PPCPs and the abundance of microorganisms in the leachate from 17 municipal landfills across China. Generally, Lidocaine, Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate-C11, and Triclocarban, which are closely associated with human activities, exhibited a detection frequency of 100 % in the leachate.

Evaluation of Different Blood Culture Bottles for the Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections in Patients with HIV.

Introduction: Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a significant factor contributing to hospitalization and high mortality rates among human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-positive patients. Therefore, the timely detection of this condition is of utmost importance. Blood culture is considered the gold standard for diagnosing BSIs.

Regulatory effect of graphene on growth and carbon/nitrogen metabolism of maize (Zea mays L.).

Background: Leakage of graphene into the environment has resulted from its increasing use. Although the impact of graphene on ecosystems is already in full swing, information regarding its impact on plants is lacking. In particular, the effects of graphene on plant growth and development vary, and basic information on the regulation of carbon and nitrogen metabolism is missing.

Challenges and engineering application of landfill leachate concentrate treatment.

Landfill leachate concentrate (LLC) is a concentrated waste stream from landfill leachate treatment systems and has been recognized as a key challenge due to its high concentration of salts, heavy metals, organic matters, etc. Improper management of LLC (e.g.

Effects of concentration-dependent graphene on maize seedling development and soil nutrients.

The long-term use of chemical fertilizers to maintain agricultural production has had various harmful effects on farmland and has greatly impacted agriculture's sustainable expansion. Graphene, a unique and effective nanomaterial, is used in plant-soil applications to improve plant nutrient uptake, reduce chemical fertilizer pollution by relieving inadequate soil nutrient conditions and enhance soil absorption of nutrient components. We investigated the effects of graphene amendment on nutrient content, maize growth, and soil physicochemical parameters.

Regulatory Effect of JAK2/STAT3 on the Immune Function of Endotoxin-tolerant Dendritic Cells and its Involvement in Acute Liver Failure.

Background And Aims: Acute liver failure (ALF) is a potentially fatal clinical syndrome with no effective treatment. This study aimed to explore the role of Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathway in modulating the phenotype and immune function of endotoxin-tolerant dendritic cells (ETDCs). In addition, we explored the use of EDTCs in an experimental model of ALF and investigated the associated mechanisms.

Enhanced visible light photo-Fenton catalysis by lanthanum-doping BiFeO for norfloxacin degradation.

Efficient photo-Fenton removal of antibiotic effluent is a widely followed and significant attempt to deal with the growing environmental pollution. In this study, BiFeO and lanthanum doped BiFeO catalysts were synthesized via one-step hydrothermal method as hydrogen peroxide activator for mineralization of norfloxacin (NOR). Various characterization measurements were used to verify La was successfully doped into the lattice of perovskite and investigated the effect of La doping molar ratio on BiFeO through the characterization of the morphology and physicochemical properties.

Complete genome sequences of the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole-mineralizing bacteria Paenarthrobacter sp. P27 and Norcardiodes sp. N27.

Sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) have been produced and consumed on a large scale over the last few decades. SAs are a typical class of refractory contaminants that are omnipresent in various environments. Although several [phenyl]-SA-degrading bacteria and their corresponding genomes have been documented, limited genetic information is available for the degraders of heterocyclic products (e.

Microbial Interactions Drive the Complete Catabolism of the Antibiotic Sulfamethoxazole in Activated Sludge Microbiomes.

Microbial communities are believed to outperform monocultures in the complete catabolism of organic pollutants via reduced metabolic burden and increased robustness to environmental challenges; however, the interaction mechanism in functional microbiomes remains poorly understood. Here, three functionally differentiated activated sludge microbiomes (S1: complete catabolism of sulfamethoxazole (SMX); S2: complete catabolism of the phenyl part of SMX ([phenyl]-SMX) with stable accumulation of its heterocyclic product 3-amino-5-methylisoxazole (3A5MI); A: complete catabolism of 3A5MI rather than [phenyl]-SMX) were enriched. Combining time-series cultivation-independent microbial community analysis, DNA-stable isotope probing, molecular ecological network analysis, and cultivation-dependent function verification, we identified key players involved in the SMX degradation process.

Improving dark fermentative hydrogen production through zero-valent iron/copper (Fe/Cu) micro-electrolysis.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of zero-valent iron and copper (Fe/Cu) micro-electrolysis on dark fermentative hydrogen production from glucose by a mixed bacterial consortium and the possible mechanisms of increasing hydrogen yield.

Results: Compared to zero-valent iron and activated carbon (Fe/C) micro-electrolysis, Fe/Cu micro-electrolysis could increase hydrogen yield by 32.2%, hydrogen production potential by 27.

Fate, risk and removal of triclocarban: A critical review.

The halogenated antimicrobial triclocarban (TCC) has large production and consumption over last decades. Its extensive utilization in personal care products and insufficient treatment in conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has led to its listing as one of emerging organic contaminants (EOCs). Due to the hydrophobicity and chemical stability of TCC, it has been omnipresent detected in terrestrial and aquatic environments, and its prolonged exposure has thrown potential pernicious threat to ecosystem and human health.

Bioaugmentation of triclocarban and its dechlorinated congeners contaminated soil with functional degraders and the bacterial community response.

Partial removal of haloaromatic antimicrobial triclocarban (TCC) during wastewater treatment caused the final introduction of residual TCC into soils. Bioaugmentation has been proposed for the biodegradation of TCC and its dechlorinated congeners 4,4'-dichlorocarbanilide (DCC) and carbanilide (NCC) in soil. The isolated TCC-degrading strain Ochrobactrum sp.

Bioremediation of contaminated urban river sediment with methanol stimulation: Metabolic processes accompanied with microbial community changes.

The intense pollution of urban river sediments with rapid urbanization has attracted considerable attention. Complex contaminated sediments urgently need to be remediated to conserve the ecological functions of impacted rivers. This study investigated the effect of using methanol as a co-substrate on the stimulation of the indigenous microbial consortium to enhance the bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in an urban river sediment.

Effects of surface charge, hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity on functional biocathode catalytic efficiency and community structure.

The bioelectrotransformation efficiency of various organic matters and corresponding electrode biofilm community formation as well as electron transfer efficiency in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) with different modified electrodes has been extensively studied on the anode side. However, the effects of cathode interface characteristics towards the BESs bioelectrotransformation performance remain poorly understood. In this study, the nitrobenzene-reducing biocathode catalytic efficiency and community structure in response to different modified electrodes (control: hydrophobic and no charge; -SH: hydrophobic and single negative charge; -NH: hydrophilic and single positive charge -NH-NH: hydrophilic and double positive charges) were investigated.

Improving biocathode community multifunctionality by polarity inversion for simultaneous bioelectroreduction processes in domestic wastewater.

Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) have been tentatively applied for wastewater treatment processes, but the complex composition of wastewater could lead to difficulties in establishing functional biofilm or result in performance instability. Few studies have investigated the enrichment of biocathode with domestic wastewater (DW) and the function. A biocathode with multi-pollutant removal capabilities was enriched based on polarity inverted bioanode, which was established with DW.

Response of antimicrobial nitrofurazone-degrading biocathode communities to different cathode potentials.

Bioelectrodegradation of various organic pollutants has been extensively studied. However, whether different cathode potentials could alter the antimicrobial-degrading biocathode community structure and composition remain poorly understood. Here, the microbial community structure and composition of the nitrofurans nitrofurazone (NFZ) degrading biocathode in response to different cathode potentials (-0.

Polarity inversion of bioanode for biocathodic reduction of aromatic pollutants.

The enrichment of specific pollutant-reducing consortium is usually required prior to the startup of biocathode bioelectrochemical system (BES) and the whole process is time consuming. To rapidly establish a non-specific functional biocathode, direct polar inversion from bioanode to biocathode is proposed in this study. Based on the diverse reductases and electron transfer related proteins of anode-respiring bacteria (ARB), the acclimated electrochemically active biofilm (EAB) may catalyze reduction of different aromatic pollutants.

Enhanced Biotransformation of Triclocarban by Ochrobactrum sp. TCC-1 Under Anoxic Nitrate Respiration Conditions.

Antimicrobial triclocarban (3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide, TCC) is frequently detected in soils and sediments for the widely reclaim of sewage sludge or biosolid in recent decades. This resulted from a weak removal of TCC during wastewater treatment, and most of it adsorbed onto sewage sludge. As the toxicity and persistence of TCC in the environment, the elimination of TCC from the source of output is of great importance, particularly in anoxic process.

Response of anodic bacterial community to the polarity inversion for chloramphenicol reduction.

Chloramphenicol (CAP) is a frequently detected environmental pollutant. In this study, an electroactive biofilm for CAP reduction was established by initially in the anode and then inverting to the cathode. The established biocathode could enhance the reduction of CAP to the nitro-group reduced CAP (AMCl2) and further dechlorinated form (AMCl), both had lost the antibacterial activity.

Low temperature acclimation with electrical stimulation enhance the biocathode functioning stability for antibiotics detoxification.

Improvement of the stability of functional microbial communities in wastewater treatment system is critical to accelerate pollutants detoxification in cold regions. Although biocathode communities could accelerate environmental pollutants degradation, how to acclimate the cold stress and to improve the catalytic stability of functional microbial communities are remain poorly understood. Here we investigated the structural and functional responses of antibiotic chloramphenicol (CAP) reducing biocathode communities to constant low temperature 10 °C (10-biocathode) and temperature elevation from 10 °C to 25 °C (S25-biocathode).

miR-155 acts as an anti-inflammatory factor in atherosclerosis-associated foam cell formation by repressing calcium-regulated heat stable protein 1.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is chronic inflammation in response to lipid accumulation. MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) is being increasingly studied to evaluate its potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in many diseases. However, delineating the role of miR-155 in AS remains difficult.

Spatial Abundance and Distribution of Potential Microbes and Functional Genes Associated with Anaerobic Mineralization of Pentachlorophenol in a Cylindrical Reactor.

Functional interplays of microbial activity, genetic diversity and contaminant transformation are poorly understood in reactors for mineralizing halogenated aromatics anaerobically. Here, we investigated abundance and distribution of potential microbes and functional genes associated with pentachlorophenol (PCP) anaerobic mineralization in a continuous-flow cylindrical reactor (15 cm in length). PCP dechlorination and the metabolite (phenol) were observed at segments 0-8 cm from inlet, where key microbes, including potential reductive dechlorinators (Dehalobacter, Sulfurospirillum, Desulfitobacterium and Desulfovibrio spp.

[Bioanode and Inversion of Bioanode to Biocathode for the Degradation of Antibiotic Chloramphenicol].

In order to investigate the possibility of the normal bioanode and bioanode switched to biocathode for the bio-electrochemical degradation of the antibiotic chloramphenicol (CAP), both the bioanode acclimated with CAP and the biocathode inversed from bioanode were monitored for CAP degradation in the bio-electrochemical system. The results demonstrated that the normal enriched bioanode could simultaneously generate current and degrade CAP (k = 0.098 5, 35 mg x L(-1) of CAP) after a long-term acclimation by gradually increasing the concentration of CAP from 5 mg x L(-1) to 80 mg x L(-1).

miR-25 targets the modulator of apoptosis 1 gene in lung cancer.

To determine the role of miR-25 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we first detected miR-25 expression in clinical specimens and lung cancer cell lines by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The levels of miR-25 were elevated in the plasma of NSCLC patients and NSCLC cell lines. Transfection of A549 and 95-D cells with a miR-25 inhibitor resulted in reduced cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis.