Polyethylene glycol loxenatide modulates lipid metabolism and insulin resistance through lncRNA steroid receptor RNA activator/cellular nucleic acid binding protein/Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase 2 axis in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Polyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEG-Loxe) is applied in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless, the effect and mechanism of PEG-Loxe on lipid metabolism disorder and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus are not fully understood.

Methods: Type 2 diabetes mellitus rats developed by high-fat diet/streptozotocin injection were treated with PEG-Loxe (0.

Pheochromocytoma-induced diffuse alveolar hemorrhage after cholecystectomy: A case report and literature review.

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) can be caused by various conditions, categorized as autoimmune and non-autoimmune. Immunofactor-mediated vasculitis, such as Wegener granulomatosis, microscopic polyangiitis, Goodpasture syndrome, connective tissue disorders, and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, are common autoimmune causes. Non-autoimmune factors include infectious or toxic exposures and neoplastic conditions.

Care, control and complications of hospitalised patients with type 1 diabetes in China: A nationwide-based registry study.

Aims: To evaluate the status quo of type 1 diabetes (T1D) management and characteristics of hospitalised patients with T1D in China through a nationwide multicentre registry study, the China Diabetes Type 1 Study (CD1S).

Materials And Methods: Clinical data from the electronic hospital records of all people with T1D were retrospectively collected in 13 tertiary hospitals across 7 regions of China from January 2016 to December 2021. Patients were defined as newly diagnosed who received a diagnosis of diabetes for less than 3 months.

Efficacy and safety of basal-bolus insulin at 1:1.5 ratio compared to 1:1 ratio using a weight-based initiation and titration (WIT2) algorithm in hospitalized patients with type 2 Diabetes: a multicenter, randomized, clinical study.

Background: Most studies initiated basal-bolus insulin in a ratio of 1:1 and titrated based on glucose. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of a weight-based and ratio of 1:1.5 basal-bolus insulin using an algorithm for both initiation and titration in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Fotagliptin monotherapy with alogliptin as an active comparator in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.

Background: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) have become firmly established in treatment algorithms and national guidelines for improving glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).To report the findings from a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trial, which was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of a novel DPP-4 inhibitor fotagliptin in treatment-naive patients with T2DM.

Methods: Patients with T2DM were randomized to receive fotagliptin (n = 230), alogliptin (n = 113) or placebo (n = 115) at a 2:1:1 ratio for 24 weeks of double-blind treatment period, followed by an open-label treatment period, making up a total of 52 weeks.

Case report: Two rare uterine cesarean scar mass cases.

Rationale: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) located in the cesarean scar is a rare disease that has imaging appearances similar to those of an exogenous scar incision pregnancy and is often misdiagnosed due to insufficient clinical experience.

Patient Concerns: We report 2 cases of uterine cesarean scar mass. Two patients with different diagnoses had similar clinical complaints as abnormal vaginal bleeding, enlargement of uterus isthmus by physical examination, and mixed echo mass in uterine low segment by ultrasound examination; however, their magnetic resonance imaging images showed very different features.

Novel model predicts diastolic cardiac dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.

Objective: Diabetes mellitus complicated with heart failure has high mortality and morbidity, but no reliable diagnoses and treatments are available. This study aimed to develop and verify a new model nomogram based on clinical parameters to predict diastolic cardiac dysfunction in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: 3030 patients with T2DM underwent Doppler echocardiography at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University between January 2014 and December 2021.

N-glycomic profiling reveals dysregulated N-glycans of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes.

Given the increasing morbidity of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) with peripheral neuropathy (PN), efficient screening for T2DM-PN is of great significance. Altered N-glycosylation is closely associated with T2DM progression, whereas its association with T2DM-PN remains uncharacterized. In this study, N-glycomic profiling was performed to identify the N-glycan features between T2DM patients with (n = 39, T2DM-PN) and without PN (n = 36, T2DM-C).

Potential clinical biomarkers and perspectives in diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a serious cardiovascular complication and the leading cause of death in diabetic patients. Patients typically do not experience any symptoms and have normal systolic and diastolic cardiac functions in the early stages of DCM. Because the majority of cardiac tissue has already been destroyed by the time DCM is detected, research must be conducted on biomarkers for early DCM, early diagnosis of DCM patients, and early symptomatic management to minimize mortality rates among DCM patients.

Blood glucose may be another index to initiate insulin treatment besides glycated hemoglobin A1c after oral antidiabetic medications failure for glycemic control: A real-world survey.

Objective: The inertia of insulin initiation is a barrier to achieving glycemic control when oral antidiabetic drugs fail to control glucose during the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Insulin initiation is usually based on glycated hemoglobin A1c (A1C). To investigate whether there is another index for insulin initiation besides A1C, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in the real world.

Association of mean arterial pressure with 5-year risk of incident diabetes in Chinese adults：a secondary population-based cohort study.

Objective: Hypertension predicts the development of diabetes. However, there are still lacking high-quality studies on the correlation between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and incident diabetes. We aimed to explore the relationship between MAP and diabetes in Chinese adults.

Comparative efficacy and safety of two insulin aspart formulations (Rapilin and NovoRapid) when combined with metformin, for patients with diabetes mellitus: a multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled clinical trial.

Objective: This phase 3 confirmatory diabetes mellitus treatment study compared the safety and efficacy of Rapilin and NovoRapid insulin asparts in combination with metformin.

Methods: This 24-week, open-label, randomized, active-controlled, noninferiority phase 3 confirmatory study conducted across centers in China aimed to enroll patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and blood sugar glucose inadequately controlled by oral antidiabetic drugs. Randomized patients received subcutaneous mealtime Rapilin or NovoRapid (3:1) injections, with metformin.

Metabonomic Characteristics of Myocardial Diastolic Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Patients.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the most essential cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients associated with glucose and lipid metabolism disorder, fibrosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in cardiomyocytes. Despite increasing research on the molecular pathogenesis of DCM, it is still unclear whether metabolic pathways and alterations are probably involved in the development of DCM. This study aims to characterize the metabolites of DCM and to identify the relationship between metabolites and their biological processes or biological states through untargeted metabolic profiling.

Quantification of Glucose, fructose and 1,5-Anhydroglucitol in plasma of diabetic patients by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a worldwide disease that affects the quality of human life and social development. Glucose, fructose and 1,5-anhydroglucitol are closely related to diabetes mellitus. However, few methods have been reported to achieve these three carbohydrates in the blood simultaneously.

Association of Sex Hormones and Fat Distribution in Men with Different Obese and Metabolic Statuses.

Purpose: Although several studies have explored the association of sex hormones with glucose metabolism, the association between sex hormones and body fat distribution, which is closely related to insulin resistance, has not been fully elucidated. We have tried to explore the relationship of testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) with visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) mass in Chinese men with different obese and metabolic statuses.

Patients And Methods: A total of 128 men from the Health Management Center of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University were collected and grouped in accordance with their obese and metabolic syndrome (MS) statuses: metabolically healthy non-overweight/obese men (MHNO), metabolically healthy overweight/obese men (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obese men (MUO).

Research Progress on Epigenetics of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Type 2 Diabetes.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by diastolic relaxation abnormalities in its initial stages and by clinical heart failure (HF) without dyslipidemia, hypertension, and coronary artery disease in its last stages. DCM contributes to the high mortality and morbidity rates observed in diabetic populations. Diabetes is a polygenic, heritable, and complex condition that is exacerbated by environmental factors.

Iron overload inhibits cell proliferation and promotes autophagy via PARP1/SIRT1 signaling in endometriosis and adenomyosis.

Emerging evidence suggests that excess iron accumulates in endometriotic and adenomyotic lesions. However, the role iron overload plays in the pathogenesis of endometriosis or adenomyosis remains unknown. Primary human eutopic endometrial stromal cells (EuESCs) from endometriosis or adenomyosis patients were used as the in vitro model of endometriosis or adenomyosis in this study.

Chiglitazar monotherapy with sitagliptin as an active comparator in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial (CMAS).

Chiglitazar (Carfloglitazar) is a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pan-agonist that has shown promising effects on glycemic control and lipid regulation in patients with type 2 diabetes. In this randomized phase 3 trial, we compared the efficacy and safety of chiglitazar with sitagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes who had insufficient glycemic control despite a strict diet and exercise regimen. Eligible patients were randomized (1:1:1) to receive chiglitazar 32 mg (n = 245), chiglitazar 48 mg (n = 246), or sitagliptin 100 mg (n = 248) once daily for 24 weeks.

MicroRNA-126 inhibits the migration and invasion of endometrial cancer cells by targeting insulin receptor substrate 1.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.

Machine Learning for Predicting the 3-Year Risk of Incident Diabetes in Chinese Adults.

We aimed to establish and validate a risk assessment system that combines demographic and clinical variables to predict the 3-year risk of incident diabetes in Chinese adults. A 3-year cohort study was performed on 15,928 Chinese adults without diabetes at baseline. All participants were randomly divided into a training set ( = 7,940) and a validation set ( = 7,988).

Gleevec and Rapamycin Synergistically Reduce Cell Viability and Inhibit Proliferation and Angiogenic Function of Mouse Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells.

Objective: This study investigates the synergistic effects of Gleevec (imatinib) and rapamycin on the proliferative and angiogenic properties of mouse bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs).

Materials And Methods: EPCs were isolated from mouse bone marrow and treated with different concentrations of Gleevec or rapamycin individually or in combination. The cell viability and proliferation were examined using the MTT assay.

Association of hypertension and incident diabetes in Chinese adults: a retrospective cohort study using propensity-score matching.

Background: Reliable quantification of the relationship between hypertension and diabetes risk is limited, especially among Chinese people. We aimed to investigate the association between hypertension and the risk of diabetes in a large cohort of the Chinese population.

Methods: This was a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study among 211,809 Chinese adults without diabetes at baseline between 2010 and 2016.

Applying latent class analysis to risk stratification of incident diabetes among Chinese adults.

Objective: To use latent class analysis to identify unobservable subpopulations amongst the heterogeneous population and explore the relationship between subpopulations and incident diabetes among Chinese adults.

Methods: The retrospective study included 32,312 Chinese adults without diabetes at baseline. Latent class indicators included demographic and clinical variables.

Calcium Dobesilate (CaD) Attenuates High Glucose and High Lipid-Induced Impairment of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Handling in Cardiomyocytes.

Calcium dobesilate (CaD) is used effectively in patients with diabetic microvascular disorder, retinopathy, and nephropathy. Here we sought to determine whether it has an effect on cardiomyocytes calcium mishandling that is characteristic of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cardiomyocytes were sterile isolated and cultured from 1 to 3 days neonatal rats and treated with vehicle (Control), 25 mM glucose+300 μM Palmitic acid (HG+PA), 100 μM CaD (CaD), or HG+PA+CaD to test the effects on calcium signaling (Ca sparks, transients, and SR loads) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by confocal imaging.