The human RAD52 complex undergoes phase separation and facilitates bundling and end-to-end tethering of RAD51 presynaptic filaments.

Human RAD52 is a prime target for synthetical lethality approaches to treat cancers with deficiency in homologous recombination. Among multiple cellular roles of RAD52, its functions in homologous recombination repair and protection of stalled replication forks appear to substitute those of the tumor suppressor protein BRCA2. However, the mechanistic details of how RAD52 can substitute BRCA2 functions are only beginning to emerge.

CD38 and CD58: A Gallant Savior in Under-Resourced Laboratories.

Background B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is one of the most common childhood malignancies and comprises almost the majority of acute leukemias in children. At the end of induction, minimal residual disease (MRD) is one of the most important prognostic indicators. MRD is commonly detected by multiparametric flow cytometry.

Clinical Correlates and Prognostic Impact of Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction: Insights From PARAGON-HF.

Background: Cognitive impairment is common in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction but its clinical correlates and prognostic associations are poorly understood.

Methods: We analyzed cognitive function, using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction enrolled in a prespecified substudy of the PARAGON-HF trial (Prospective Comparison of Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitor With Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Global Outcomes in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction). Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the variables associated with lower MMSE scores at baseline and postbaseline decline in MMSE scores at 48 weeks.

A dataset of Solicited Cough Sound for Tuberculosis Triage Testing.

Cough is a common and commonly ignored symptom of lung disease. Cough is often perceived as difficult to quantify, frequently self-limiting, and non-specific. However, cough has a central role in the clinical detection of many lung diseases including tuberculosis (TB), which remains the leading infectious disease killer worldwide.

Solicited Cough Sound Analysis for Tuberculosis Triage Testing: The CODA TB DREAM Challenge Dataset.

Cough is a common and commonly ignored symptom of lung disease. Cough is often perceived as difficult to quantify, frequently self-limiting, and non-specific. However, cough has a central role in the clinical detection of many lung diseases including tuberculosis (TB), which remains the leading infectious disease killer worldwide.

Achieved dose and treatment discontinuation of candesartan in men and women with chronic heart failure: data from CHARM.

Aims: Angiotensin receptor blockers have been shown to reduce heart failure hospitalization and cardiovascular mortality in men and women with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). It is unknown whether there are differences between men and women in achieved dose and treatment discontinuation due to adverse events of candesartan.

Methods And Results: We conducted a post hoc analysis of the Candesartan in Heart failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) programme.

Classification of early tuberculosis states to guide research for improved care and prevention: an international Delphi consensus exercise.

The current active-latent paradigm of tuberculosis largely neglects the documented spectrum of disease. Inconsistency with regard to definitions, terminology, and diagnostic criteria for different tuberculosis states has limited the progress in research and product development that are needed to achieve tuberculosis elimination. We aimed to develop a new framework of classification for tuberculosis that accommodates key disease states but is sufficiently simple to support pragmatic research and implementation.

Hematological Indices for Identifying Adverse Outcomes in Children Admitted to Pediatric ICUs.

Background: The pediatric ICU (PICU) is a specialized area where critically sick children are managed. The mortality rates in PICUs are higher in developing countries as compared to developed nations. Many of these deaths could be prevented if very sick children were identified soon after they arrived at the health facility.

Prevalence, Severity, and Determinants of Pain in Thalassemia.

As the life expectancy in thalassemia is improving, pain is being recognized as an emerging problem. To document the pain prevalence and severity in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia all transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients >10 years of age ( = 165) attending the Thalassemia Day Care Center were assessed for pain prevalence, severity, and its effect on various life activities using the Brief Pain Inventory. Their medical records were reviewed for the presence of various co-morbidities.

Seroprotection With Three Dose vs Four Dose Schedule for Hepatitis B Vaccination in Children Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Follow-up Data at 36-42 Months From a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To compare the long-term seroprotection (anti-HBs ≥10 IU/L) in children living with HIV (CLHIV) receiving a 3- or 4-dose double-strength (20 µg) recombinant Hepatitis B virus (rHBV) vaccination.

Methods: We present anti-retroviral therapy (ART) clinic based follow-up data collected from January, 2021 to August, 2022, from CLHIV who had received either 3-dose or 4-dose double-strength (20 µg) rHBV vaccination, after 36-42 months and assessed for anti-HBs titres, naïve and memory T-helper lymphocytes, CD4 counts and HIV viral load. Children found unprotected after primary immunization, were administered a single double-strength rHBV vaccine booster dose (20 µg) and seroprotection was reassessed after 4 and 12 weeks.

A Case of Tracheitis Sicca with Obstructive Tracheal Crusting In A 7 Year Old Boy.

Tracheitis sicca is a rare condition where there is drying and crusting of tracheal mucosa which may lead to tracheal obstruction and respiratory distress. Reported here is a case of young boy, who presented with cough, cold and respiratory distress worsening over a period of 5 days. On admission the patient was administered with dexamethasone and was intubated.

COVID-19 Antibody Response in Patients with Thalassemia.

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can severely affect people with comorbidities such as those with diabetes, hypertension, chronic lung disease, cancer, and hemoglobinopathies. Studies assessing the clinical characteristics and immune response to COVID-19 infection in patients with thalassemia are limited. Objectives The primary objective of the study was to study the clinical pattern and the immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) compared to patients without thalassemia.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure: Are There Thresholds and Inflection Points in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Thresholds Justifying a Clinical Classification?

Background: Recent guidelines proposed a classification for heart failure (HF) on the basis of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), although it remains unclear whether the divisions chosen were biologically rational. Using patients spanning the full range of LVEF, we examined whether there was evidence of LVEF thresholds in patient characteristics or inflection points in clinical outcomes.

Methods: Using patient-level information, we created a merged dataset of 33 699 participants who had been enrolled in 6 randomized controlled HF trials including patients with reduced and preserved ejection fraction.

Adverse Effects of COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia: An Observational Study from a Tertiary Care Center in Punjab, India.

Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is the most important weapon in the arsenal in the battle against COVID-19. There is concern about an increased risk of adverse effects in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT), which affects vaccine acceptance. A predesigned questionnaire was used to evaluate adverse effects (local/systemic within 90 days after vaccination) in participants >18 years of age with TDT.

Watching Excited State Dynamics with Optical and X-ray Probes: The Excited State Dynamics of Aquocobalamin and Hydroxocobalamin.

Femtosecond time-resolved X-ray absorption (XANES) at the Co K-edge, X-ray emission (XES) in the Co Kβ and valence-to-core regions, and broadband UV-vis transient absorption are combined to probe the femtosecond to picosecond sequential atomic and electronic dynamics following photoexcitation of two vitamin B compounds, hydroxocobalamin and aquocobalamin. Polarized XANES difference spectra allow identification of sequential structural evolution involving first the equatorial and then the axial ligands, with the latter showing rapid coherent bond elongation to the outer turning point of the excited state potential followed by recoil to a relaxed excited state structure. Time-resolved XES, especially in the valence-to-core region, along with polarized optical transient absorption suggests that the recoil results in the formation of a metal-centered excited state with a lifetime of 2-5 ps.