The Intricate Relationship of Employee Engagement and Lean Approach toward Quality Improvement of the Public Hospitals.

The lean approach is a value-added system that reduces cost and waste to continuously improve the quality performance of the healthcare organization. The present study investigates the relationships of the lean approach with top management team and employee engagement toward quality improvement of the public hospitals in Malaysia. This study used stratified random sampling to collect data from the public hospitals' staff who were directly involved with patient services.