Systematic review of guidelines for urinary incontinence in women.

Introduction And Objective: Urinary incontinence in women is the subject of multiple recommendations all over the world. The aim of our study was to compare methodologies and search for inconsistencies in texts and grades in these guidelines.

Methods: Seventeen recommendations from different medical societies in English, French and German were included.

[Impact of nutrition on breast cancer mortality and risk of recurrence, a review of the evidence].

Introduction: There is a growing interest in diets and their effects on cancer prognosis. In 2014, a report from the World Cancer Research Fund on diet and women with a history of breast cancer did not demonstrate a major effect on breast cancer prognosis. The aim of this literature review was to provide an update of knowledge in this area.

Pelvic floor muscle activation in stress urinary incontinent women: Impact of a distraction task.

Aims: Our purpose was to explore the involvement of cognition in voluntary and involuntary pelvic floor muscle (PFM) contraction in stress urinary incontinent women.

Methods: PFM contraction monitored by surface electromyography (EMG) was measured without a mental distraction task (DT), and with a DT called "paced auditory serial additional test" (PASAT). Forty stress incontinent women performed voluntary contractions of the external anal sphincter (EAS), and reflex EAS contractions induced by means of coughing were studied using the external intercostal muscle (EIC) EMG pattern.

Effect of body position on reflex and voluntary pelvic floor muscle contraction during a distraction task.

Aims: To explore the impact of body position (sitting vs standing) on voluntary and reflex pelvic floor muscle (PFM) contraction during a mental distraction task (DT).

Methods: Informed consent was obtained from 19 healthy women. The electromyographic (EMG) activity of the external anal sphincter (EAS) was recorded during voluntary and reflex contraction.

Estimating degradation-related settlement in two landfill-reclaimed soils by sand-salt analogues.

Landfill reclaimed soil here refers to largely degraded materials excavated from old landfill sites, which after processing can be reinstated as more competent fill, thereby restoring the former landfill space. The success of the process depends on the presence of remaining degradable particles and their influence on settlement. Tests on salt-sand mixtures, from which the salt is removed, have been used to quantify the impact of particle loss on settlement.

Effects of adjunctive treatment with aripiprazole on body weight and clinical efficacy in schizophrenia patients treated with clozapine: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Clozapine is associated with significant weight gain and metabolic disturbances. This multicentre, randomized study comprised a double-blind, placebo-controlled treatment phase of 16 wk, and an open-label extension phase of 12 wk. Outpatients who met DSM-IV-TR criteria for schizophrenia, who were not optimally controlled while on stable dosage of clozapine for > or =3 months and had experienced weight gain of > or =2.

Cryptic translocation t(5;18) in familial mental retardation.

A cryptic translocation t(5;18)(qter;qter) was detected in a large family, using a FISH-based approach combining subtelomeric probes to allow the subtelomeric regions of most chromosome ends to be analysed for deletions and balanced or unbalanced translocations. Unbalanced karyotypes (duplication 5qter/deficiency 18qter) resulted in a previously undescribed association of moderate to severe mental retardation, microcephaly, pre- and postnatal growth retardation, distinct facial dysmorphism, narrow auditory canals, genital hypoplasia, left heart hypoplasia in one patient and severe behaviour difficulties in another. Some of the features observed in affected individuals are characteristic of known syndromes involving either 18q (growth deficiency, nystagmus, narrow auditory canals, genital hypoplasia, behaviour problems in 18q deletion syndrome) or 5q (umbilical and inguinal hernias, congenital heart defects in distal 5q trisomy).

Absence of a functional vagina. A report of 2 cases and a review.

The congenital and acquired conditions in which a functional vagina is absent are given briefly and modern-day treatment reviewed with reference to its history. Two case reports illustrate the difficulty in choosing the most suitable form of treatment. Some guidelines to management are suggested.