Publications by authors named "Devon A Dobrosielski"

Background: Central Augmentation Index (AIx) is a surrogate marker of large artery stiffness that may provide valuable insight to cardiovascular health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between AIx and components of physical fitness.

Methods: One hundred eighty-five healthy men and women (aged 20-79 years) underwent non-invasive assessment of arterial wave reflection to determine AIx, which was corrected to a heart rate of 75 beats per minute (AI×75).

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Exercise improves chronic inflammation and is recommended as a first-line medical or behavioral treatment for OSA with obesity. We examined whether the effects of an exercise program on inflammatory blood markers differed according to severity of OSA among obese adults. Overweight (BMI > 27 kg/m) adults were evaluated for OSA using overnight polysomnography and subsequently classified as exhibiting no-to-mild OSA (AHI < 15 events/hour) or moderate-to-severe OSA (AHI ≥ 15 events/hour).

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study investigates how different levels of cardiorespiratory fitness affect vascular functions, specifically flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and the vascular augmentation index (AIx75), in young adults during rest and after exercise.
  • - A total of 43 participants between 18-29 years were categorized into low, moderate, and high fitness groups based on their oxygen consumption levels, and measurements were taken before and after a 30-minute treadmill run.
  • - Results showed that individuals with moderate fitness experienced a significant increase in FMD after exercise, while the high fitness group had lower AIx75 compared to low fitness individuals, though this difference disappeared when adjusting for body fat percentage.
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Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with poorer executive function. This study examined the effects of a comprehensive exercise intervention on executive function in overweight adults with mild and moderate-to-severe OSA.

Methods: Participants aged between 30 and 65 years, with a body mass index (BMI) ranging from 27 to 42 kg/m participated in a 6-week exercise program.

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Elevations in central augmentation index (AIx) are predictive of cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to examine AIx immediately and 24 h following an acute bout of high-intensity functional training (HIFT) in apparently healthy young adults. A second aim compared the exercise-induced AIx recovery response between men and women.

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Introduction: Musculoskeletal injuries (MSKIs) are a significant health problem in the military. Accordingly, identifying risk factors associated with MSKI to develop targeted strategies that attenuate injury risk remains a top priority within the military. Insufficient sleep has garnered increased attention as a potential risk factor for MSKI in both civilians and military personnel.

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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity due, in part, to impaired vascular function. Exercise confers cardioprotection by improving vascular health. Yet, whether OSA severity affects the vascular improvements conferred with exercise training is not known.

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Despite advances in drug development and medical treatments, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of mortality across the globe. Fortunately, CVD can be delayed by engaging in appropriate lifestyle behaviors. An abundance of epidemiological evidence supports a direct association between increased levels of physical activity or cardiovascular fitness and reduced premature CVD morbidity and mortality.

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Background: The importance of achieving an adequate amount of sleep to optimize health and athletic performance is well recognized. Yet, a systematic evidence compilation of the risk for sport-related injury in adult athletic populations due to poor sleep does not exist.

Objective: To examine the association between poor sleep and sport and physical training-related injuries in adult athletic populations.

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Zabriskie, HA, Dobrosielski, DA, Leppert, KM, Droege, AJ, Knuth, ND, and Lisman, PJ. Positional analysis of body composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I football and men's lacrosse. J Strength Cond Res 36(6): 1699-1707, 2022-Despite the widespread use of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), few studies have examined differences in body composition between positions within sports and none have reported DXA-derived body composition reference values for men's lacrosse.

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Burke, TM, Lisman, PJ, Maguire, K, Skeiky, L, Choynowski, JJ, CapaldiII, VF, Wilder, JN, Brager, AJ, and Dobrosielski, DA. Examination of sleep and injury among college football athletes. J Strength Cond Res 34(3): 609-616, 2020-The purpose of this study was to characterize subjective sleep metrics in collegiate football players at the start of the season, determine the relationship between preseason subjective sleep measures and in-season objective sleep characteristics, and examine the association between subjective and objective sleep metrics and incidence of time-loss injury during the competitive season.

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Dobrosielski, DA, Leppert, KM, Knuth, ND, Wilder, JN, Kovacs, L, and Lisman, PJ. Body composition values of NCAA Division 1 female athletes derived from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2886-2893, 2021-This study generated descriptive data for regional and total body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) measures using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) across 12 NCAA Division 1 female competitive sports.

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Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. It is accepted that OSA and obesity commonly coexist. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends dietary-induced weight loss and exercise as lifestyle treatment options for OSA.

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Acute mountain sickness (AMS) can occur upon rapid ascent from low to high altitude. This study examined the association between central adiposity and the development of AMS in young adults during a high-altitude hike. Total and regional body fat were measured at sea level using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

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Background: Obstructive sleep apnea is a clinical disorder characterized by loud snoring, apneic episodes, and chronic sleep disruption. Collegiate football players exhibit several risk factors for OSA, including large neck circumference and high body mass index, although the prevalence of OSA in this cohort is unknown.

Methods: The STOP-BANG questionnaire was administered at random to members of a collegiate football team and used to stratify the players into high and low risk for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).

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Introduction: Exercise promotes cardiovascular health through its direct impact on the vascular endothelium. Conversely, poor sleep quality is associated with endothelial dysfunction, which may explain the increased cardiovascular disease amongst poor sleepers. Yet, the influence of physical activity and poor sleep quality on vascular health is not clear.

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Little is known about the effect of different lifestyle interventions on sleep disturbances among sedentary obese or overweight persons. We randomized men and women aged 35-65 to 6 months of a weight loss diet (D); or D combined with supervised exercise training D + E. Measurements were self-reported sleep disturbances, the Profile of Mood States questionnaire, BMI, total abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat by magnetic resonance imaging, and aerobic fitness expressed as VO2peak.

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Objective: To determine the association of lean vs fat mass with fitness in healthy, overweight and obese African Americans from families with early-onset coronary disease.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Baltimore, Maryland.

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Background: Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) of legs exerts beneficial local vascular effects, possibly through local release of nitric oxide (NO). However, studies demonstrating systemic transport of nitrogen oxide species and release of NO prompt the question of whether IPC could also exert nonlocal effects. We tested whether IPC (1) affects systemic levels of nitrite, S-nitrosothiols and red blood cell (RBC) NO, and (2) exerts vasoactive effects in the brachial artery (BA), although this hypothesis-generating pilot study did not investigate cause and effect relationship between (1) and (2).

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Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is prevalent among older individuals and is linked to increased cardiovascular disease morbidity. This study examined the change in OSA severity after exercise training and dietary-induced weight loss in older adults and the association of the changes in OSA severity, body composition, and aerobic capacity with arterial distensibility.

Methods: Obese adults (n = 25) with OSA, age 60 yr or older, were instructed to participate in supervised exercise (3 d·wk) and follow a calorie-restricted diet.

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Objective: To examine the effect of exercise on abdominal adipose tissue in adults with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Design: Post hoc analysis of two randomised controlled trials.

Setting: Outpatient secondary prevention programme in Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

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Introduction: Though being physically active has associated with a healthier ankle-brachial index (ABI) in observational studies, ABI usually does not change with exercise training in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Less is known about the effect of exercise training on ABI in patients without PAD but at high risk due to the presence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods: Participants (n = 140) with uncomplicated T2DM, and without known cardiovascular disease or PAD, aged 40-65 years, were randomized to supervised aerobic and resistance training 3 times per week for 6 months or to a usual care control group.

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Background: The association of prediabetic states with endothelial dysfunction measured by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) or endothelial biomarker levels remains controversial. We examined data from 5 ethnic groups to determine the association between glucose categories and FMD or endothelial biomarkers. We determined whether these associations vary by ethnic group or body mass index.

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