Proteomic characterization of subjected to carbon starvation.

( ) is the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), the leading cause of infectious-disease related deaths worldwide. TB infections present as a spectrum from active to latent disease. In the human host, faces hostile environments, such as nutrient deprivation, hypoxia, and low pH.

Evaluation of the Staff Educational Components of the PROMOTE Program to Improve Resident Hydration.

Background/objectives: Inadequate fluid intake is prevalent among older adults living in care settings and can lead to dehydration-related events such as falls and hospitalization. Staff knowledge and confidence using diverse strategies is needed to provide adequate hydration to residents. PROMOTE is a multicomponent intervention designed to support staff to increase resident fluid intake between meals.

Long-Term Seizure Outcome With or Without Vagal Nerve Stimulation Therapy.

Background And Objectives: To compare long-term seizure control in patients with long-term VNS (vagal nerve stimulator) stimulation (VNS-on) with those who discontinued VNS after >3 years (VNS-off).

Methods: Patients with refractory epilepsy with VNS therapy for >3 years (and follow-up for >2 years after VNS discontinuation for VNS-off patients) were included. Patients with brain surgery <3 years after VNS were excluded.

Abdominal Ultrasonography Used for Abdominal Pain in the Rural Outpatient Setting of South Texas: Impact on Patient Outcomes.

Introduction Abdominal ultrasonography is a key diagnostic tool used in complaints of abdominal pain. The rationale for this study is to examine abdominal ultrasonography's impact on the conclusion of care of abdominal pain in a predominantly Hispanic/Latino patient population. Materials and methods A chart review of 350 patients with a new diagnosis of abdominal pain from a rural family practice clinic in Texas was performed.

Elevated lactate dehydrogenase - A red herring in the diagnosis of a sclerosing stromal tumor: A case report.

Sclerosing stromal tumors are a rare type of ovarian tumor in the category of sex cord stromal tumors, which arise from the ovarian connective tissue. This report concerns a case of a sclerosing stromal tumor in a 19-year-old nulliparous woman who presented with the chief complaints of menstrual irregularities and dyspareunia. Preoperative imaging revealed a complex right adnexal mass with blood flow and without associated ascites.

CD4 nadir and neurocognitive trajectories in people living with HIV.

Human immunodeficiency virus-associated neurocognitive disorders persist in the combination antiretroviral therapy era. CD4 nadir is a well-established predictor of cognition cross-sectionally, but its impact on longitudinal neurocognitive (NC) trajectories is unclear. The few studies on this topic examined trajectories of global cognition, rather than specific NC domains.

Ferromagnetic Coupling in Quasi-One-Dimensional Hybrid Iron Chloride Hexagonal Perovskites.

We synthesize four novel quasi-one-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid iron chloride compounds (CHNHFeCl, CH(NH)FeCl, C(NH)FeCl, and CHNFeCl) and characterize their structural and magnetic properties. These materials crystallize in a hexagonal perovskite-type structure, constituting a triangular array of face-sharing iron chloride octahedra chains running along the -axis, isolated from one another by the organic cation. Through magnetization and heat capacity measurements, we find that the intrachain coupling is weakly ferromagnetic for each variant.

Functional delineation of the luminal epithelial microenvironment in breast using cell-based screening in combinatorial microenvironments.

Microenvironment signals are potent determinants of cell fate and arbiters of tissue homeostasis, however understanding how different microenvironment factors coordinately regulate cellular phenotype has been experimentally challenging. Here we used a high-throughput microenvironment microarray comprised of 2640 unique pairwise signals to identify factors that support proliferation and maintenance of primary human mammary luminal epithelial cells. Multiple microenvironment factors that modulated luminal cell number were identified, including: HGF, NRG1, BMP2, CXCL1, TGFB1, FGF2, PDGFB, RANKL, WNT3A, SPP1, HA, VTN, and OMD.

High-fat diet induces C-reactive protein secretion, promoting lung adenocarcinoma via immune microenvironment modulation.

To understand the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on lung cancer progression and biomarkers, we here used an inducible mutant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-driven lung cancer transgenic mouse model fed a regular diet (RD) or HFD. The HFD lung cancer (LC-HFD) group exhibited significant tumor formation and deterioration, such as higher EGFR activity and proliferation marker expression, compared with the RD lung cancer (LC-RD) group. Transcriptomic analysis of the lung tissues revealed that the significantly changed genes in the LC-HFD group were highly enriched in immune-related signaling pathways, suggesting that an HFD alters the immune microenvironment to promote tumor growth.

Orthogonal Versatile Interacting Peptide Tags for Imaging Cellular Proteins.

Genetic tags are transformative tools for investigating the function, localization, and interactions of cellular proteins. Most studies today are reliant on selective labeling of more than one protein to obtain comprehensive information on a protein's behavior in situ. Some proteins can be analyzed by fusion to a protein tag, such as green fluorescent protein, HaloTag, or SNAP-Tag.

Presacral malakoplakia presenting as foot drop: a case report.

Background: Malakoplakia is a rare condition characterized by inflammatory masses with specific histological characteristics. These soft tissue masses can mimic tumors and tend to develop in association with chronic or recurrent infections, typically of the urinary tract. A specific defect in innate immunity has been described.

An altered extracellular matrix-integrin interface contributes to Huntington's disease-associated CNS dysfunction in glial and vascular cells.

Astrocytes and brain endothelial cells are components of the neurovascular unit that comprises the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and their dysfunction contributes to pathogenesis in Huntington's disease (HD). Defining the contribution of these cells to disease can inform cell-type-specific effects and uncover new disease-modifying therapeutic targets. These cells express integrin (ITG) adhesion receptors that anchor the cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM) to maintain the integrity of the BBB.

A multi-omic analysis of MCF10A cells provides a resource for integrative assessment of ligand-mediated molecular and phenotypic responses.

The phenotype of a cell and its underlying molecular state is strongly influenced by extracellular signals, including growth factors, hormones, and extracellular matrix proteins. While these signals are normally tightly controlled, their dysregulation leads to phenotypic and molecular states associated with diverse diseases. To develop a detailed understanding of the linkage between molecular and phenotypic changes, we generated a comprehensive dataset that catalogs the transcriptional, proteomic, epigenomic and phenotypic responses of MCF10A mammary epithelial cells after exposure to the ligands EGF, HGF, OSM, IFNG, TGFB and BMP2.

Examining virtual driving test performance and its relationship to individuals with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.

Significance: Existing screening tools for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are often clinically impractical for detecting milder forms of impairment. The formal diagnosis of HAND requires an assessment of both cognition and impairment in activities of daily living (ADL). To address the critical need for identifying patients who may have disability associated with HAND, we implemented a low-cost screening tool, the Virtual Driving Test (VDT) platform, in a vulnerable cohort of people with HIV (PWH).

Antiferromagnetic to Ferromagnetic Coupling Crossover in Hybrid Nickel Chain Perovskites.

We synthesize and characterize the magnetic and thermodynamic properties of the quasi one-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid ANiCl compounds [A = N(CH), CHNH, (CH)NH, C(NH), and CH(NH)]. Additionally, the crystal structure of (CH)NHNiCl is reported. These materials possess chains of face-sharing NiCl octahedra in a triangular array.

Diagnosing Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Racially Diverse Older Adults: Comparison of Consensus, Actuarial, and Statistical Methods.

Background: Actuarial and statistical methods have been proposed as alternatives to conventional methods of diagnosing mild cognitive impairment (MCI), with the aim of enhancing diagnostic and prognostic validity, but have not been compared in racially diverse samples.

Objective: We compared the agreement of consensus, actuarial, and statistical MCI diagnostic methods, and their relationship to race and prognostic indicators, among diverse older adults.

Methods: Participants (N = 354; M age = 71; 68% White, 29% Black) were diagnosed with MCI or normal cognition (NC) according to clinical consensus, actuarial neuropsychological criteria (Jak/Bondi), and latent class analysis (LCA).

Solid Solution YbCaCdSb: Structure, Thermoelectric Properties, and Quality Factor.

Solid solutions of YbACdSb (A = Ca, Sr, Eu; ≤ 1) are of interest for their promising thermoelectric (TE) properties. Of these solid solutions, YbCaCdSb has end members with different crystal structures. YbCdSb crystallizes in the polar space group 2, whereas CaCdSb crystallizes in the centrosymmetric space group .

Sensitivity to targeted therapy differs between HER2-amplified breast cancer cells harboring kinase and helical domain mutations in PIK3CA.

Background: HER2-amplified breast cancer is a clinically defined subtype of breast cancer for which there are multiple viable targeted therapies. Resistance to these targeted therapies is a common problem, but the mechanisms by which resistance occurs remain incompletely defined. One mechanism that has been proposed is through mutation of genes in the PI3-kinase pathway.

Improving prediction of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: From SUDEP-7 to SUDEP-3.

Objective: Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a significant cause of mortality in epilepsy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the validity of the SUDEP-7 inventory and its components as tools for predicting SUDEP risk, and to develop and validate an improved inventory.

Methods: The study included 28 patients who underwent video-electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring and later died of SUDEP, and 56 age- and sex-matched control patients with epilepsy.

Deconvoluting the Magnetic Structure of the Commensurately Modulated Quinary Zintl Phase EuSrZnSnAs.

The structure, magnetic properties, and Eu and Sn Mössbauer spectra of the solid-solution EuSrZnSnAs are presented. A new commensurately modulated structure is described for EuZnSnAs (3 space group, average structure) that closely resembles the original structural description in the monoclinic 2/ space group with layers of Eu, puckered hexagonal ZnAs sheets, and ZnAs ethane-like isolated pillars. The solid-solution EuSrZnSnAs (0 < < 10) is found to crystallize in the commensurately modulated 3 space group, related to the parent phase but lacking the mirror symmetry.

Untangling the roots of the West Virginia opioid crisis: relationships in adolescent pregnancy, drug misuse, and future outcomes.

Context: West Virginia (WV) is afflicted by high rates of teenage pregnancy and births, opioid usage during pregnancy, and Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome births. Current efforts are ineffective at reducing teenage pregnancy and opioid misuse. While pregnancy and opioid usage may appear to be separate issues, a number of associations suggest adolescent pregnancy, opioid use, and other health-related outcomes are part of a cluster of negative health conditions that should be addressed holistically.