MOG antibody-associated disease epidemiology in Olmsted County, USA, and Martinique.

Objectives: To report myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) epidemiology in two American regions using 2023 diagnostic criteria.

Patients And Methods: We compared age- and sex-adjusted incidence and prevalence of MOGAD per 2023 diagnostic criteria in Olmsted County (Minnesota [USA]) and Martinique (Caribbean [FR]) (01/01/2003-12/31/2018, prevalence day) using Poisson regression. Archived sera in 68-85% were available for MOG-IgG testing by live cell-based assay at Mayo Clinic.

Inhaled alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) restores lower respiratory tract protease-antiprotease homoeostasis and reduces inflammation in AAT-deficient individuals: a randomised phase 2 study.

Background: Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT)-deficient individuals have a greater risk for developing COPD than individuals with normal AAT levels.

Methods: This was a double-blind, randomised, parallel group, placebo-controlled trial to examine the safety and tolerability of "Kamada-AAT for Inhalation" (inhaled AAT) in subjects with AAT deficiency, and to explore its effect on AAT and biomarkers in the lung epithelial lining fluid (ELF). 36 patients with severe AAT deficiency were randomised 2:1 to receive 80 mg or 160 mg inhaled AAT or placebo once daily for 12 weeks.

Leisure participation and mental health among middle-aged and older adults with physical disabilities: a systematic review.

Purpose: To examine the effects of leisure participation on mental health for middle-aged and older adults with physical disabilities.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review conducted in March-May 2022 with an updated search in February 2024 retrieved data from MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and EMBASE. Inclusion criteria included a study population with a mean age ≥45 years and with physical disability, and original, peer-reviewed literature.

Case Reports: Chemokine and Cytokine Profiling in Patients with Herpetic Uveitis.

Purpose: To report cytokine/chemokine profiles of ocular fluid in two patients with herpetic uveitis.

Methods: Cytokine and chemokine profiling of ocular fluid was performed in two patients with herpetic uveitis. Ocular fluid findings were correlated with disease manifestations and the patients' clinical course.

Bacterial meningitis in a quaternary NICU: A multiyear retrospective study.

Bacterial meningitis causes significant morbidity and mortality in infants. Lumbar punctures are often deferred until the results of blood cultures are known and sometimes not considered, making this population susceptible to a missed diagnosis. There are few studies describing the epidemiology of neonatal meningitis in quaternary neonatal intensive care unit settings.

Asparagine availability controls germinal center B cell homeostasis.

The rapid proliferation of germinal center (GC) B cells requires metabolic reprogramming to meet energy demands, yet these metabolic processes are poorly understood. By integrating metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling of GC B cells, we identified that asparagine (Asn) metabolism was highly up-regulated and essential for B cell function. Asparagine synthetase (ASNS) was up-regulated after B cell activation through the integrated stress response sensor GCN2.

The general public's perception of robotic surgery - A scoping review.

Introduction: Robotic surgery is typically characterized by the telemanipulation of robotic arms controlled by a surgeon via a command system. Medical technology advancements have caused variations in how robotic surgery is conceptualised. It is important to ascertain the public's perception of robotic surgery, as this impacts decision making.

A case report of primary intrahepatic adeno squamous cell cholangiocarcinoma.

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common form of primary liver cancer. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and fibrolamellar carcinoma make up most other cases. The vast majority of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma's are adenocarcinoma in nature.

High-stakes Technical Performance Assessments Across the Continuum of Surgical Training.

Objective: The aim of this article to outline proposals for the use of high stakes technical performance assessments, defined as assessments of technical skill that take place outside of the operating theatre, across the continuum of surgical training.

Summary Background Data: Technological advancements have allowed for the assessment of operative technical skill outside of the workplace environment, developed and evaluated in line with modern concepts of assessment validity. With the introduction of competency-based education principles across surgical training curricula, increasing scrutiny is being placed on the validity and reliability of assessments used to inform high-stakes training decisions regarding selection, progression through training, autonomy granting and end-of-training certification.

The V-ATPase/ATG16L1 axis is controlled by the VH subunit.

Defects in organellar acidification indicate compromised or infected compartments. Recruitment of the autophagy-related ATG16L1 complex to pathologically neutralized organelles targets ubiquitin-like ATG8 molecules to perturbed membranes. How this process is coupled to proton gradient disruption is unclear.

Our experience of delivering Schwartz Rounds in a dental setting.

Schwartz Centre Rounds are designed to support staff to reflect on the social and emotional aspects of working in healthcare. Providing healthcare in highly pressurised environments is a common climate in which many healthcare professionals find themselves. To deliver the very best care to patients, both clinical and non-clinical members of the workforce need to be supported to reflect, share their experiences and have a safe space in which they can be heard safely.

Opioid Dose Reductions by Sex and Race in a Cohort of Patients in a Family Medicine Clinic.

Background: The 2022 Centers for Disease Control's "Clinical Practice Guidelines for Prescribing Opioids for Pain in United States" called for attention and action toward reducing disparities in untreated and undertreated pain among Black and Latino patients. There is growing evidence for controlled substance safety committees (CSSC) to change prescribing culture, but few have been examined through the lens of health equity. We examined the impact of a primary care CSSC on opioid prescribing, including by patients' race and sex.

Leveraging Novel Clinical Decision Support to Improve Preferred Language Documentation in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Background:  Recognition of the patient and family's diverse backgrounds and language preference is critical for communicating effectively. In our hospital's electronic health record, a patient or family's identified language for communication is documented in a discrete field known as "preferred language." This field serves as an interdepartmental method to identify patients with a non-English preferred language, creating a bolded banner for non-English speakers easily identifiable by health care professionals.

Transferability of Technical Skills Across Robotic Surgery Platforms: A Scoping Review.

As the application of robotic approaches to surgery continues to broaden, new consoles have been introduced to the market. Due to the global utilization of a single platform, previously validated curricula have not been assessed on new robotic systems. Surgery by its nature occurs in a high-stakes environment, potentially exacerbated by non-standardized robotic systems.

Are we gaining valid consent for dental extractions? A retrospective audit on restorability assessment at one dental institution.

Introduction This paper explores the widely relevant topic of obtaining valid consent in dental practice, focusing on assessing restorability of teeth planned for extraction. The General Dental Council stresses discussing treatment options, benefits and risks for informed decision-making. The study evaluates if pertinent factors, including tooth structure, endodontic status, periodontal health and patient considerations, are considered before consent.

NovoSorb® biodegradable temporising matrix (BTM) in the reconstruction of cutaneous malignancies in a major cancer centre: a case series.

Background: Non-graftable or composite defect reconstruction represents a major challenge to the reconstructive surgeon, with many wounds requiring local flap or free microvascular tissue transfer approaches. The recent advent of synthetic skin substitutes such as Biodegradable Temporizing Matrix (BTM) have revolutionized the management of complex defects including those caused by burns, trauma and infection, with low-morbidity and low-complexity surgery. However, limited data exist supporting their use in cancer reconstruction in Australia.

Surgical neonates: A retrospective review of procedures and postoperative outcomes at a quaternary children's hospital.

Introduction: Neonates have a high incidence of respiratory and cardiac perioperative events. Disease severity and indications for surgical intervention often dovetail with an overall complex clinical course and predispose these infants to adverse long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes and increased length of stay. Our aims were to describe severe and nonsevere early postoperative complications to establish a baseline of care outcomes and to identify subgroups of surgical neonates and procedures for future prospective studies.

Characterization of two human induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from Batten disease patient fibroblasts harbouring CLN5 mutations.

The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a group of common inherited neurodegenerative disorders of childhood. All forms of NCLs are life-limiting with no curative treatments. Most of the 13 NCL genes encode proteins residing in endolysosomal pathways, such as CLN5, a potential lysosomal enzyme.