Craniofacial Chondromyxoid Fibromas: A Systematic Review and Analysis Based on Anatomic Locations.

Background: Craniofacial chondromyxoid fibromas (CMFs) are a rare benign tumor of cartilaginous origin. They are commonly misdiagnosed due to the paucity of information on tumor characteristics. We performed a systematic review to characterize CMFs located in different regions of the craniofacial skeleton.

Retrograde trans-posterior communicating artery rescue balloon angioplasty of incompletely expanded pipeline embolization device: complication management.

Background: Pipeline embolization device (PED) deployment is a technically demanding procedure. Incomplete device expansion or deployment is one intra-operative risk, especially in patients with significant vascular tortuosity.

Case Description: We describe the case of a 71-year female with an unruptured left vertebral artery saccular aneurysm.

Efficacy and safety of middle meningeal artery embolization in the management of refractory or chronic subdural hematomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Refractory or chronic subdural hematomas (cSDH) constitute a challenging entity that neurosurgeons face frequently nowadays. Middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) has emerged in the recent years as a promising treatment option. However, solid evidence that can dictate management guidelines is still lacking.

The Relationship Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms.

Study Objectives: The role of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the overall outcome of ruptured intracranial aneurysms (RIAs) is unknown. We have investigated the role of OSA in overall outcome of RIAs.

Methods: Data from 159 consecutive patients were retrospectively reviewed.

Mechanical Thrombectomy and Thrombolysis for Dural Venous Sinus Thrombosis.

Dural venous sinus thrombosis is a rare yet major cause of stroke and mortality, especially affecting young women and children. Anticoagulation is the mainstay of therapy; however, nearly 13% of the patients experience poor outcome with anticoagulation alone. In addition, nearly one third of the patients with severe presentation have a risk of incomplete recovery with systemic anticoagulation.

Posterior Interhemispheric Precuneal Approach: Fundamental Principles and Case Illustration: 3-Dimensional Operative Video.

Peritrigonal lesions are deeply seated and are surrounded by critical neurovascular structures. Traditional transcortical approaches carry the risk of damage to important surrounding white matter tracts. In this regard, a posterior interhemispheric approach gives a more direct and less invasive route and therefore is a reasonable alternative to transcortical approaches.

Repeat Gamma Knife radiosurgery versus microvascular decompression following failure of GKRS in trigeminal neuralgia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) has emerged as a promising treatment modality for patients with classical trigeminal neuralgia (TN); however, considering that almost half of the patients experience post-GKRS failure or lesion recurrence, a repeat treatment is typically necessary. The existing literature does not offer clear evidence to establish which treatment modality, repeat GKRS or microvascular decompression (MVD), is superior. The present study aimed to compare the overall outcome of patients who have undergone either repeat GKRS or MVD after failure of their primary GKRS; the authors do so by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature and analysis of data from their own institution.

Microsurgical Anatomy of Medial Temporal Lobe in North-West Indian Population: Cadaveric Brain Dissection.

Aim: The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is a highly complex neuroanatomical structure of tremendous neurosurgical importance. It is a common site for epilepsy, vascular lesions, and tumors. Owing to the critical location behind the sphenoid wing, it is more prone for traumatic contusion often with surgical implications.

Acute Supratentorial Ischemic Stroke with Ipsilateral Hemiparesis: Pathomechanism and Management Challenges.

Background: Supratentorial stroke manifesting as ipsilateral hemiparesis is rare. Multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms are possible for this unusual phenomenon and has been previously described. Its implication in therapeutic decision making in a patient with an acute emergent condition has never been discussed.

Safety profile of superior petrosal vein (the vein of Dandy) sacrifice in neurosurgical procedures: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE Walter E. Dandy described for the first time the anatomical course of the superior petrosal vein (SPV) and its significance during surgery for trigeminal neuralgia. The patient's safety after sacrifice of this vein is a challenging question, with conflicting views in current literature.

Cognitive Impairments After Clipping of Ruptured Anterior Circulation Aneurysms.

Background: The cognitive impairments after treatment of ruptured aneurysms have often been underestimated. This study sought to assess their prevalence and analyze various associated factors.

Methods: Patients who were operated on for ruptured anterior circulation aneurysms and discharged with a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 4-5 were studied at 3 months for various cognitive impairments.

Meningioma: The Tumor That Taught Us Neurosurgery.

The history of neurosurgery is ever fascinating. The journey has been tedious; nevertheless, in the landscape of success and failures we have become more efficient and polished. Skills were learned, innovations were made, and in the process we evolved.

Retromastoid Approach for Posterior Fossa Skull Base Rosai-Dorfman Disease-A Rare Pathology: 3-Dimensional Operative Video.

Rosai-Dorfman disease, originally described by Juan Rosai and Ronald F. Dorfman, is a rare benign histiocytic proliferative disorder, classically presenting with massive lymphadenopathy and a self-limiting clinical course.1 Isolated intracranial skull base involvement is extremely rare and often resembles meningiomas, schwannomas, or other benign skull base lesions.

Primary Focal Intracranial Leptomeningeal Glioma: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Background: Primary focal intracranial leptomeningeal glioma (PFILG) is considered a rare solitary glial tumor arising from the leptomeninges without brain attachment or evidence of primary neoplasm elsewhere within the neuraxis. We report a case of PFILG in a left parietal location and provide a concise review on its clinicoradiologic, histopathologic, and management characteristics.

Case Presentation: A 75-year-old woman presented with focal motor seizures involving the right upper limb with associated occasional headache.

Surgery of Tuberculum Sellae Meningioma: A Technical Purview on Pterional Approach.

 Amidst the raging debate between transnasal and transcranial approaches, the critical factor that dictates success lies in the meticulous dissection of the tumor from the optic apparatus, anterior communicating artery complex, and the pituitary stalk. In this surgical video, we describe the resection of a tuberculum sellae meningioma through the pterional approach highlighting dissection through the appropriate arachnoidal plane.  The patient is a 75-year-old female who presented with optic nerve compression with bitemporal hemianopia and endocrine function abnormalities.

Microsurgical Resection of Suprasellar Craniopharyngioma-Technical Purview.

 Complete surgical resection is an important prognostic factor for recurrence and is the best management for craniopharyngioma. This operative video demonstrates the technical nuances in achieving complete resection of a suprasellar craniopharyngioma.  The surgery was performed in a middle-aged lady who presented with the history of progressive bitemporal hemianopia and excessive sleepiness over 8 months.

Long-Term Outcome of Nonfunctioning and Hormonal Active Pituitary Adenoma After Gamma Knife Radiosurgery.

Introduction: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), particularly Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is an established treatment option for residual and recurrent pituitary adenoma tumors. It helps in the preservation of surrounding normal neuronal, vascular, and hormone-producing structures and causes fewer neurologic deficits. The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficacy and define the role of GKRS in the treatment of nonfunctioning (NFA) and hormonal active (HAA) pituitary adenoma.

Tuberculous Spondylolisthesis: A Reappraisal of the Clinicoradiologic Spectrum and Surgical Treatment Paradigm.

Introduction: Spinal tuberculosis (TB) is a common infectious disease prevalent in developing countries and an increasing issue in developed countries. The association of tuberculosis with spondylolisthesis is rarely reported in literature. The aim of our review is to analyze the clinical features and radiologic characteristics of TB spondylolisthesis and to provide a concise update on its surgical management, based on the literature.

Noninvasive Intracranial Pressure Monitoring for Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Children: A Concise Update on Current Methods.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality worldwide and intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring plays a crucial role in its management. Based on existing literature, we review the current practicing noninvasive ICP monitoring devices and their accuracy in predicting increased ICP in pediatric TBI.

Methods: A thorough literature search was conducted on PubMed, Medline, and the Cochrane database, articles were selected systematically and reviewed completely, and relevant data were summarized and discussed.

Endovascular Treatment of Pulsatile Tinnitus by Sigmoid Sinus Aneurysm: Technical Note and Review of the Literature.

Background: Pulse-synchronous tinnitus is rare, and it almost always points toward a vascular pathology.

Case Description: We encountered a 56-year-old patient presenting with a 3-month history of right-side tinnitus who was found to have a sigmoid sinus aneurysm after initial imaging. The patient was managed successfully with dual endovascular access and stent placement across the aneurysm, with a subsequent complete symptomatic relief.

Louis Victor Leborgne ("Tan").

Louis Victor Leborgne was a patient of Paul Broca. "Monsieur Leborgne," as Broca would call him, was also known around in the hospital by the nickname "Tan." His neurologic condition left him with difficulty in speaking, and he could only speak the word "Tan.