Macronutrients-availing microbiomes: biodiversity, mechanisms, and biotechnological applications for agricultural sustainability.

Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are the three most essential micronutrients which play major roles in plant survivability by being a structural or non-structural component of the cell. Plants acquire these nutrients from soil in the fixed (NO, NH) and solubilized forms (K, HPO and HPO). In soil, the fixed and solubilized forms of nutrients are unavailable or available in bare minimum amounts; therefore, agrochemicals were introduced.

Pioneering technologies over time to rehabilitate crude oil-contaminated ecosystems: a review.

The unremitting pollution of our environment induced by crude oil spillage and drilling site accidents has jeopardized every living species in the biological ecosystem. Removing heavy crude oil constituents with the help of traditional and mainstream oil sorbents because of their ingrained raised viscosities is a strenuous venture. Lighter distillates of crude oil, like condensate, do not aggregate with tremulous shine on the aquatic surface nor settle at the bottom sediment of the water bodies like the heavier components do with time.

Banana fibre-chitosan-guar gum composite as an alternative wound healing material.

Bio-composites, which can be obtained from the renewable natural resources, are fascinating material for use as sustainable biomaterials with essential properties like biodegradable, bio-compatibility as well cyto-compatibility etc. These properties are useful for bio-medical including wound healing applications. In this study, fibre obtained banana pseudo stem of banana plant, which is otherwise wasted, was used as a material along with chitosan and guar gum to fabricate a banana fibre-biopolymer composite patch.

Acute toxicity study of onion peel-derived gold nano-bioconjugate.

The acute anti-inflammatory activity of onion peel-derived gold nano-bioconjugate was already established earlier. The current study was aimed to investigate the acute oral toxicity of onion peel-derived gold nano-bioconjugate (GNBC) for safe therapeutic utilization in vivo. The acute toxicity study was carried out in female mice for 15 days and showed no mortality and any abnormal complications.

Carbon dot based nucleus targeted fluorescence imaging and detection of nuclear hydrogen peroxide in living cells.

Investigation of the intracellular generation of HO, one of the most important reactive oxygen species (ROS), is crucial for preventing various diseases since it is closely linked with different physiological and complex cell signaling pathways. Despite the development of various fluorescent probes, the majority of the fluorescent probes cannot move across the nuclear membrane. However, detection of the nuclear level of HO is very important since it can directly cause oxidative DNA damage which ultimately leads to various diseases.

Estimation of tuberculosis incidence at subnational level using three methods to monitor progress towards ending TB in India, 2015-2020.

Objectives: We verified subnational (state/union territory (UT)/district) claims of achievements in reducing tuberculosis (TB) incidence in 2020 compared with 2015, in India.

Design: A community-based survey, analysis of programme data and anti-TB drug sales and utilisation data.

Setting: National TB Elimination Program and private TB treatment settings in 73 districts that had filed a claim to the Central TB Division of India for progress towards TB-free status.

Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using an antiepileptic plant extract: biological and photo-catalytic activities.

Gold nanoparticles are one of the widely used metallic nanoparticle having unique surface plasmon characteristic, offers major utility in biomedical and therapeutic fields. However, chemically synthesized nanoparticle creates toxicity in the living organisms and contradicts the eco-friendly and cost-effective nature. So, developing greener synthetic route for synthesis of gold nanoparticle using natural materials is an enthralling field of research for its effectiveness in synthesizing eco-friendly, non-toxic materials.

Insights into Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Internalization Pathway of Onion Peel-Derived Gold Nano Bioconjugates in RAW 264.7 Macrophages.

Green synthesis of nanoparticles plays an important role in their efficient therapeutic effects in various biomedical applications. Here, we prepared gold nano bioconjugates (GNBCs) from the ethyl acetate fraction of onion peels and investigated their anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.

Impact of supplementation with milk-cereal mix during 6-12 months of age on growth at 12 months: a 3-arm randomized controlled trial in Delhi, India.

Background: A large proportion of infants in low- and middle-income countries are stunted. These infants are often fed complementary foods that are low-quality, primarily in terms of protein and micronutrients.

Objectives: We aimed to test 2 milk-cereal mixes supplemented with modest and high amounts of protein during 6-12 mo of age, compared with no supplementation, for their effect on length-for-age z score (LAZ) at 12 mo of age.

Green Synthesis of Gold Nano-bioconjugates from Onion Peel Extract and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Studies.

Plant secondary metabolites such as flavonoids demonstrate high degrees of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. Among flavonoids, quercetin plays an important role in inflammation by downregulating the level of various cytokines. Thereby, in this work, onion () peel was successfully utilized for the synthesis of gold nano-bioconjugates acting as a natural therapeutic drug.

Effects of mobile phone emissions on human red blood cells.

Raman spectroscopy was performed on GSM 900 and 1800 MHz mobile phone signal exposed red blood cells (RBCs). The observed changes in the Raman spectra of mobile signal exposed RBCs compared to unexposed control suggest reduced hemoglobin-oxygen affinity for the exposed cells. The possible mechanism may involve activation of the voltage gated membrane Ca channels by the mobile phone emissions resulting in an increase in the levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) in cells via altered metabolic activities.

Impact of nutritional interventions among lactating mothers on the growth of their infants in the first 6 months of life: a randomized controlled trial in Delhi, India.

Background: In lower-middle-income settings, growth faltering in the first 6 mo of life occurs despite exclusive breastfeeding.

Objective: The aim was to test the efficacy of an approach to improve the dietary adequacy of mothers during lactation and thus improve the growth of their infants.

Methods: Eligible mother-infant dyads (infants ≤7 d of age) were randomly assigned to either intervention or control groups.

Red blood cell membrane damage by light-induced thermal gradient under optical trap.

Rapid membrane damage of optically trapped red blood cells (RBCs) was observed at trapping powers ≥280 mW. An excellent agreement between the estimated laser-induced thermal gradient across trapped cell's membrane and that typically required for membrane electropermeabilization suggests a mechanism involving temperature gradient-induced electropermeabilization of membrane. Also the rapid collapse of the trapped cell due to membrane rupture was seen to cause shock waves in the surroundings permeabilizing nearby untrapped cells.

Frequency of primary mutations of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy patients in North Indian population.

Purpose: Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is an inherited optic neuropathy characterized by subacute painless vision loss. The majority of LHON is caused due to one of the three primary mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (m.G3460A, m.

Plasmon induced transparency effect through alternately coupled resonators in terahertz metamaterial.

We analyze plasmon induced transparency (PIT) in a planar terahertz metamaterial comprising of two C-shaped resonators and a cut-wire. The two C-shaped resonators are placed alternately on both sides of the cut-wire such that it exhibits a PIT effect when coupled with the cut wire. We have further shown that the PIT window is modulated by displacing the C-shaped resonators w.

Prohibitin confers cytoprotection against ISO-induced hypertrophy in H9c2 cells via attenuation of oxidative stress and modulation of Akt/Gsk-3β signaling.

Numerous hypertrophic stimuli, including β-adrenergic agonists such as isoproterenol (ISO), result in generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alteration in the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ) leading to oxidative stress. This process is well associated with phosphorylation of thymoma viral proto-oncogene Akt (Ser473) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (Gsk-3β) (Ser9), with resultant inactivation of Gsk-3β. In the present study, we found that the protective defensive role of prohibitin (PHB) against ISO-induced hypertrophic response in rat H9c2 cells is via attenuation of oxidative stress-dependent signaling pathways.

Selective imaging of quorum sensing receptors in bacteria using fluorescent Au nanocluster probes surface functionalized with signal molecules.

Fluorescent ultrasmall gold clusters decorated with bacterial quorum sensing signal molecules, acyl homoserine lactone, are synthesized. These fluorescent probes are found to have emission in the near-infrared spectral region advantageous for bioimaging. Imaging studies using different strains of bacteria with and without acyl homoserine lactone receptors with the aid of confocal microscopy have shown that the probe interacts preferentially with cells possessing these receptors.