Surgeon's perceptions and preferences in the management of idiopathic macular hole.

Purpose: The management of idiopathic macular holes (iMH) has evolved over time with various modifications in surgical approach. The study aimed to survey the surgeons' preferences in the management of iMH in current times.

Design: Cross-sectional descriptive survey.

Intraoperative aberrometry-assisted refractive optimization of SFIOL.

Scleral-fixated intraocular lens (SFIOL) is a widely used technique for IOL implantation in patients where capsular support is insufficient. Most surgeons have shifted away from sutured to sutureless SFIOL techniques where haptics of a multifocal IOL are inserted in scleral tunnels/flaps. Large-scale publications have shown wide variation in the refractive status of eyes post-SFIOL even in the best of the hands.

Systematic Review of Sleep Duration and Development of Myopia.

There is a knowledge gap in the relationship between sleep duration and myopia. Since sleep duration is a modifiable risk factor, its association with the development and progression of myopia has implications for public health. This review was conducted in accordance with the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Ophthalmic Manifestations of Seborrheic Dermatitis.

Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a common, chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects the sebaceous tissues of the body. The meibomian glands of the eyelids are modified sebaceous glands. Involvement of the meibomian glands and their dysfunctioning are significant in SD; however, the ophthalmic features of SD have been poorly described in the literature.

Role of additional posterior barrage laser in type 1 zone 2 retinopathy of prematurity: A randomized trial.

Purpose: The efficacy of additional barrage laser posterior to ridge in advanced stage 3 or stage 4 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is established, but its role in early stages is not defined. The objective was to study the efficacy of additional posterior barrage laser in type I zone 2 disease.

Methods: In a randomized trial, patients with type I zone 2 ROP were recruited between February 2016 and May 2017.

Bilateral multiple blisters of retinal pigment epithelium in a healthy young female.

Background/ Purpose: Multiple serous pigment epithelium detachments (PEDs) have been infrequently reported. We report a case of a young female with bilateral innumerable serosanguinous PEDs, giving an appearance of multiple blisters.

Methods: A 26-year-old female presented with sudden onset diminution of vision in left eye.

Simultaneous bilateral inflammatory choroidal neovascularization in a case of healed serpiginous-like choroiditis.

Objective: Inflammatory choroidal neovascularization (i-CNV) is an infrequent but sight-threatening complication of posterior uveitis. Although it can occur in a wide range of infectious and non-infectious uveitides, presence of simultaneous bilateral i-CNV is rare. In this report, we present a unique case of bilateral simultaneous i-CNV in a young patient of healed tubercular serpiginous-like choroiditis.

Automated and ImageJ thresholding algorithm-based analysis of macular vessel density in diabetic patients.

Purpose: To assess the macular vessel density (VD) on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) using proprietary software (automated) and image processing software (manual) in diabetic patients.

Methods: In a retrospective study, OCT-A images (Triton, TOPCON Inc.) of type 2 diabetics presenting to a tertiary eye care center in North India between January 2018 and December 2019 with or without nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and with no macular edema were analyzed.

Pattern of uveitis from a tertiary eye care center in Himalayan belt of North India.

Purpose: To study the clinical characteristics of uveitis in patients presenting to a tertiary care institute in the northern part of India, predominantly serving the population of Himalayan belt.

Methods: In this retrospective descriptive case series, data of 141 eyes of 102 patients diagnosed between January 2019 and January 2021 were analyzed. Patients were diagnosed, named, and meshed as per the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature.

Clinical profile and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness of optic disc oedema patients at a tertiary care institute in North India.

Background: Optic disc oedema (ODE) is an important manifestation in various ocular as well as systemic disorders. Measurement of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness in ODE patients may help in monitoring the progress of the disease and treatment response.

Objective: To assess the clinical characteristics, aetiology and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) imaging features of optic disc oedema (ODE) patients.

Cobalt blue light unit filter - A smartphone attachment for blue light photography.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to carry out blue light photography of fluorescein-stained corneas using a novel smartphone attachment.

Methods: A smartphone attachment known as the cobalt blue light unit (C-BLU) was developed. It can filter out all wavelengths of light except the blue light emerging from the flashlight of a smartphone.

Multimodal imaging of eyes with metamorphopsia after vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Purpose: To assess the retinal features in eyes with postoperative metamorphopsia (POM) following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair using multimodal imaging (MMI).

Methods: In this cross-sectional; case-control study, patients after successful RRD repair following 25-gauge vitrectomy, clear vitreous cavity, and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA)>20/200 were categorized using Amsler chart: cases with POM and controls without POM. MMI was performed on swept-source platform (Triton, Topcon Inc) and the confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope system (Spectralis HRA, Heidelberg).

Case Report: Atypical Presentation of Neuroretinitis in a Middle-aged Woman with Pre-existing Maculopathy.

Significance: Neuroretinitis classically presents with sudden vision loss, disc edema, and macular star formation. However, the classical triad may not always be seen, especially in the case of a pre-existing macular disorder. A thorough clinical examination may still clinch the appropriate diagnosis and prevent unwarranted treatment.

Clinical and Multimodal Imaging Features of Subretinal Drusenoid Deposits.

Purpose: To describe the multimodal imaging (MMI) features of subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDD) in Indian population.

Methods: Patients diagnosed to have SDD from January 2016 to December 2018 at our tertiary care center were recruited. The diagnosis of SDD was made on the basis of MMI consisting of a combination of color fundus photography (CFP), optical coherence tomography (OCT), red-free (RF) imaging, blue autofluorescence (BAF), and near-infra red reflectance (NIR) imaging.

Macular associations of tilted disc syndrome.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe macular changes associated with tilted disc syndrome (TDS) using multimodality imaging.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of the consecutive TDS cases which were studied for macular changes using color fundus photographs and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Fundus autofluorescence, fundus fluorescein angiography, and OCT angiography were performed wherever required.

Comparison of choroidal thickness in systemic hypertensive subjects with healthy individuals by spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare the choroidal thickness in normal population and hypertensive patients and to assess the possible effect of hypertension on choroidal thickness using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study. A total of 68 eyes of 34 individuals in the age group of 40-60 years were included in both the hypertensive group and control group.

Perception among ophthalmologists about webinars as a method of continued medical education during COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: To ascertain ophthalmologist's perceptions about webinars as a method of continued medical education during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, a 21-question survey was circulated using digital media platform to approximately 1400 ophthalmologists in India between 16 August 2020 to 31 August 2020. The questionnaire focussed on the quality and usefulness of webinars based on the Bloom's taxonomy.