Lipidome profiling in advanced metabolic liver disease identifies phosphatidylserine synthase 1 as a regulator of hepatic lipoprotein metabolism.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is characterized by defective lipid metabolism, which causes disease progression. MASH is also linked to various cardiometabolic risk factors, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. The contribution of defective lipid metabolism in MASH to cardiometabolic comorbidities is incompletely understood.

Co-design of an electronic patient-reported outcome symptom monitoring system for immunotherapy toxicities.

Background: Utilising electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePRO) to monitor symptoms can improve patient outcomes. However, ePRO systems are typically not co-designed with end-users which may limit their utility and long-term sustainability. We aimed to co-design a real-time ePRO symptom monitoring system for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) toxicities.

A meta-analytic examination of sensitive responsiveness as a mediator between depression in mothers and psychopathology in children.

The current meta-analysis examined the mediating role of sensitive-responsive parenting in the relationship between depression in mothers and internalizing and externalizing behavior in children. A systematic review of the path of maternal sensitive responsiveness to child psychopathology identified eligible studies. Meta-analytic structural equation modelling (MASEM) allowed for the systematic examination of the magnitude of the indirect effect across 68 studies ( = 15,579) for internalizing and 92 studies ( = 26,218) for externalizing psychopathology.

Evaluation of Rate Coefficients in the Gas Phase Using Machine-Learned Potentials.

We assess the capability of machine-learned potentials to compute rate coefficients by training a neural network (NN) model and applying it to describe the chemical landscape on the CH potential energy surface, which is relevant to molecular weight growth in combustion and interstellar media. We coupled the resulting NN with an automated kinetics workflow code, KinBot, to perform all necessary calculations to compute the rate coefficients. The NN is benchmarked exhaustively by evaluating its performance at the various stages of the kinetics calculations: from the electronic energy through the computation of zero point energy, barrier heights, entropic contributions, the portion of the PES explored, and finally the overall rate coefficients as formulated by transition state theory.

Effects of digital chatbot on gender attitudes and exposure to intimate partner violence among young women in South Africa.

Background: South Africa has among the highest rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) globally, with young women at heightened risk due to inequitable gender roles, limited relationship skills, and inadequate social support. Despite an urgent need for violence prevention in low- and middle-income settings, most efficacious approaches are time-intensive and costly to deliver. Digital, interactive chatbots may help young women navigate safer relationships and develop healthier gender beliefs and skills.

Adverse childhood experiences: a meta-analysis of prevalence and moderators among half a million adults in 206 studies.

Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), including maltreatment and family dysfunction, is a major contributor to the global burden of disease and disability. With a large body of international literature on ACEs having emerged over the past 25 years, it is timely to now synthetize the available evidence to estimate the global prevalence of ACEs and, through a series of moderator analyses, determine which populations are at higher risk. We searched studies published between January 1, 1998 and August 5, 2021 in Medline, PsycINFO and Embase.

Associations between adverse childhood experiences and substance use: A meta-analysis.

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can be associated with negative health outcomes such as substance use. However, extant literature assessing this association is mixed.

Objective: The present meta-analysis was conducted to obtain a pooled effect size for the association between ACEs and substance use (i.

Mouse strain-dependent variation in metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD): a comprehensive resource tool for pre-clinical studies.

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized as the joint presence of steatosis, hepatocellular ballooning and lobular inflammation, and liver fibrosis are strong contributors to liver-related and overall mortality. Despite the high global prevalence of NASH and the substantial healthcare burden, there are currently no FDA-approved therapies for preventing or reversing NASH and/or liver fibrosis. Importantly, despite nearly 200 pharmacotherapies in different phases of pre-clinical and clinical assessment, most therapeutic approaches that succeed from pre-clinical rodent models to the clinical stage fail in subsequent Phase I-III trials.

Investigating dual inhibition of ACC and CD36 for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. Dysregulation in hepatic lipid metabolism, including increased fatty acid uptake and de novo lipogenesis (DNL), is a hallmark of NAFLD. Here, we investigated dual inhibition of the fatty acid transporter fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), the rate-limiting enzyme in DNL, for the treatment of NAFLD in mice.

Parental sensitivity and child behavioral problems: A meta-analytic review.

Meta-analytic associations between observed parental sensitivity and child behavioral problems were examined (children aged 0-17 years). Studies (k = 108, N = 28,114) contained sociodemographically diverse samples, primarily from North America and Europe, reporting on parent-child dyads (95% mothers; 54% boys). Sensitivity significantly related to internalizing (k = 69 studies; N = 14,729; r = -.

Child Language Difficulties and Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis.

This study conducted two meta-analyses to synthesize the association between children's language skills and two broad-band dimensions of psychopathology: internalizing and externalizing. Pooled estimates across 139 samples (externalizing k = 105; internalizing k = 90) and 147,305 participants (age range: 2-17 years old; mean % males: 53.75; mean % White participants: 55.

Feasibility of training service providers on the AMBIANCE-Brief measure for use in community settings.

The Atypical Maternal Behavior Instrument for Assessment and Classification-Brief (AMBIANCE-Brief) was developed to provide a clinically useful and psychometrically sound assessment of disrupted parenting behavior for community practitioners. With prior evidence of this tool's reliability and validity in laboratory settings, this study aimed to determine whether providers from family service agencies could become reliable in the use of the level of disrupted communication following a brief training. Providers (N = 46) from three agency sites participated in a 2-day AMBIANCE-Brief training and, at the end of the training, coded eight videotaped mother-child interactions.

A pediatric case of SAPHO-CNO syndrome with clinical correlation between cutaneous and osteoarticular features.

Synovitis acne pustulosis hyperostosis osteitis (SAPHO) and chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) represent overlapping osteoarticular autoinflammatory syndromes, with a minority displaying neutrophilic skin features at the time of diagnosis. The pathophysiological link and chronological timeframe between skin and osteoarticular findings remain ambiguous, which in turn can manifest in diagnostic delay. We present a rare pediatric case of SAPHO-CNO with a clear association between cutaneous and osteoarticular symptoms, treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications, corticosteroids, and intravenous pamidronate.

SMOC1 is a glucose-responsive hepatokine and therapeutic target for glycemic control.

Intertissue communication is a fundamental feature of metabolic regulation, and the liver is central to this process. We have identified sparc-related modular calcium-binding protein 1 (SMOC1) as a glucose-responsive hepatokine and regulator of glucose homeostasis. Acute intraperitoneal administration of SMOC1 improved glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in mice without changes in insulin secretion.

Extending the Applicability of the ANI Deep Learning Molecular Potential to Sulfur and Halogens.

Machine learning (ML) methods have become powerful, predictive tools in a wide range of applications, such as facial recognition and autonomous vehicles. In the sciences, computational chemists and physicists have been using ML for the prediction of physical phenomena, such as atomistic potential energy surfaces and reaction pathways. Transferable ML potentials, such as ANI-1x, have been developed with the goal of accurately simulating organic molecules containing the chemical elements H, C, N, and O.

Approaching coupled cluster accuracy with a general-purpose neural network potential through transfer learning.

Computational modeling of chemical and biological systems at atomic resolution is a crucial tool in the chemist's toolset. The use of computer simulations requires a balance between cost and accuracy: quantum-mechanical methods provide high accuracy but are computationally expensive and scale poorly to large systems, while classical force fields are cheap and scalable, but lack transferability to new systems. Machine learning can be used to achieve the best of both approaches.

Public at risk: a survey of sunbed parlour operating practices in Northern Ireland.

Background: The International Agency for Research on Cancer has identified artificial ultraviolet (UV) radiation as a class 1 carcinogen. The contribution of sunbeds to malignant melanoma has been estimated at 100 deaths per year in the U.K.

Dynamics of Campylobacter colonization of a natural host, Sturnus vulgaris (European starling).

Wild European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) shed Campylobacter at high rates, suggesting that they may be a source of human and farm animal infection. A survey of Campylobacter shedding of 957 wild starlings was undertaken by culture of faecal specimens and genetic analysis of the campylobacters isolated: shedding rates were 30.6% for Campylobacter jejuni, 0.

Sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host disease--a report of four pediatric cases.

The sclerodermatous variant of chronic graft-versus-host disease postallogeneic bone marrow transplantation is rare. We present four pediatric cases of sclerodermatous variant of chronic graft-versus-host disease describing their clinical appearance, management, and outcomes. We compare the pharmacologic and supportive therapies administered to these patients with the management suggested in the current literature.

A case of cutaneous vasculitis with underlying hepatitis C and cryoglobulinaemia.

We report a 74 year old lady presenting with cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis. The underlying aetiology was established as chronic hepatitis C infection with associated cryoglobulinaemia. This presented clinically as recurrent cutaneous vasculitic eruptions with absence of any other clinical manifestations.

Skin cancer trends in Northern Ireland and consequences for provision of dermatology services.

Background: The incidence of skin cancer, both melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), is rising throughout the world. The evaluation of trends in skin cancer will allow better planning of the future development of skin cancer services.

Objectives: Using data collected from the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry (NICR), the incidence of the three major cutaneous cancers, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and malignant melanoma (MM), was determined and the workload associated with their management assessed.

Potential acuity meter results in cataract patients.

Purpose: To determine the ability of the potential acuity meter (PAM) to predict potential visual acuity through lenticular opacities in a group of cataract patients without significant other ocular pathology.

Methods: This prospective study undertook PAM measurements on each eye of 84 subjects during preoperative hospital visits to either A Scan or Primary Care clinics. PAM results were compared to best corrected visual acuity findings obtained at least 6 weeks post-cataract extraction.

Pregnancy and pregnancy outcome in hepatitis C type 1b.

A large cohort of rhesus-negative women in Ireland were inadvertently infected with hepatitis C virus following exposure to contaminated anti-D immunoglobulin in 1977-8. This major iatrogenic episode was discovered in 1994. We studied 36 women who had been infected after their first pregnancy, and compared them to an age- and parity-matched control group of rhesus-positive women.