An unusual activity of mycobacterial MutT1 Nudix hydrolase domain as a protein phosphatase regulates nucleoside diphosphate kinase function.

MutT proteins are Nudix hydrolases characterized by the presence of a Nudix box, GX5EX7REUXEEXGU, where U is a bulky hydrophobic residue and X is any residue. Major MutT proteins hydrolyze 8-oxo-(d)GTP (8-oxo-GTP or 8-oxo-dGTP) to the corresponding 8-oxo-(d)GMP, preventing their incorporation into nucleic acids. Mycobacterial MutT1 comprises an N-terminal domain (NTD) harboring the Nudix box motif, and a C-terminal domain (CTD) harboring the RHG histidine phosphatase motif.

Multistep Array-Based Sensing of Bioanalytes Using Modified MoS, Fluorescence Proteins, and Cucurbituril.

One pot sensor by multiplexing in the array is an attractive system for rapid discrimination of multiple analytes. Multiplexing can be achieved in two ways, i.e.

IL-33 prevents age-related bone loss and memory impairment by suppression of Th17 response: evidence in a d-galactose-induced aging mouse model.

Cytokines are the primary mediators of age-related disorders. The IL-17/IL-10 axis plays a crucial role in bone destruction and neuro-inflammation. Additionally, a new Th2 cytokine-IL-33-has gained attention for its potential implications in aging-associated conditions.

Management of Hypertension in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Indian Guideline 2024 by Association of Physicians of India and Indian College of Physicians.

In India and the Southeast Asian population, hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are the leading lifestyle-related diseases, responsible for a majority burden of morbidity and mortality. Multiple population-spanning studies have revealed the staggering prevalence of both diseases in India, and the prevalence of both will only increase further due to factors such as an aging population, rapid urbanization, increased obesity, and sedentary lifestyles. More than 50 percent of hypertensive patients in India are also diagnosed with T2DM, and a detailed management protocol for the same is required, especially when a major portion of the disease is managed at the primary care level.

Microwave-assisted acid extraction of high-methoxyl kinnow () peels pectin: Process, techno-functionality, characterization and life cycle assessment.

The present study assessed the efficacy of kinnow peel pectin-acetic acid extraction using microwave heating at 110 °C, pH 2.2 for 10 min with a 1:2 ratio supernatant to ethanol for higher yield. The kinnow peel was freeze dried and grinded to fine powder for pectin extraction.

Sequestration of histidine kinases by non-cognate response regulators establishes a threshold level of stimulation for bacterial two-component signaling.

Bacterial two-component systems (TCSs) consist of a sensor histidine kinase (HK) that perceives a specific signal, and a cognate response regulator (RR) that modulates the expression of target genes. Positive autoregulation improves TCS sensitivity to stimuli, but may trigger disproportionately large responses to weak signals, compromising bacterial fitness. Here, we combine experiments and mathematical modelling to reveal a general design that prevents such disproportionate responses: phosphorylated HKs (HK~Ps) can be sequestered by non-cognate RRs.

Conjoint application of nano-urea with conventional fertilizers: An energy efficient and environmentally robust approach for sustainable crop production.

One of the biggest challenges to be addressed in world agriculture is low nitrogen (N) use efficiency (<40%). To address this issue, researchers have repeatedly underlined the need for greater emphasis on the development and promotion of energy efficient, and environmentally sound novel fertilizers, in addition to improved agronomic management to augment nutrient use efficiency for restoring soil fertility and increasing farm profit. Hence, a fixed plot field experiment was conducted to assess the economic and environmental competency of conventional fertilizers with and without nano-urea (novel fertilizer) in two predominant cropping systems viz.

MiR-539-3p impairs osteogenesis by suppressing Wnt interaction with LRP-6 co-receptor and subsequent inhibition of Akap-3 signaling pathway.

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH), an inheritable form of rickets is caused due to mutation in Phex gene. Several factors are linked to the disease's aetiology, including non-coding RNA molecules (miRNAs), which are key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and play a significant role in osteoblast functions. MicroRNAs sequence analysis showed differentially regulated miRNAs in phex silenced osteoblast cells.

Sources, purification, immobilization and industrial applications of microbial lipases: An overview.

Microbial lipase is looking for better attention with the fast growth of enzyme proficiency and other benefits like easy, cost-effective, and reliable manufacturing. Immobilized enzymes can be used repetitively and are incapable to catalyze the reactions in the system continuously. Hydrophobic supports are utilized to immobilize enzymes when the ionic strength is low.

Cyclic di-GMP sensing histidine kinase PdtaS controls mycobacterial adaptation to carbon sources.

Cell signaling relies on second messengers to transduce signals from the sensory apparatus to downstream signaling pathway components. In bacteria, one of the most important and ubiquitous second messenger is the small molecule cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP). While the biosynthesis, degradation, and regulatory pathways controlled by c-di-GMP are well characterized, the mechanisms through which c-di-GMP controls these processes are not entirely understood.

Investigations on substituted (2-aminothiazol-5-yl)(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)methanones for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease majorly affecting old age populations. Various factors that affect the progression of the disease include, amyloid plaque formation, neurofibrillary tangles, inflammation, oxidative stress, etc. Herein we report of a new series of substituted (2-aminothiazol-5-yl)(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)methanones.

Acetylation of Response Regulator Protein MtrA in Regulates Its Repressor Activity.

MtrA is an essential response regulator (RR) protein in , and its activity is modulated after phosphorylation from its sensor kinase MtrB. Interestingly, many regulatory effects of MtrA have been reported to be independent of its phosphorylation, thereby suggesting alternate mechanisms of regulation of the MtrAB two-component system in . Here, we show that RR MtrA undergoes non-enzymatic acetylation through acetyl phosphate, modulating its activities independent of its phosphorylation status.

Management of Type 2 Diabetes: Current Strategies, Unfocussed Aspects, Challenges, and Alternatives.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for >90% of the cases of diabetes in adults. Resistance to insulin action is the major cause that leads to chronic hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. T2DM is the consequence of activation of multiple pathways and factors involved in insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction.

Molecular Diagnostic Assay for Rapid Detection of Flag Smut Fungus () in Wheat Plants and Field Soil.

Flag smut incited by has the potential to cause substantial reduction in yield and quality of wheat production. An early and precise diagnosis is a key component in the successful management of flag smut of wheat. Therefore, a simple molecular assay for the rapid detection of was developed for the first time.

Comparative evaluation of elastic recovery of three different elastomeric impression materials on chemical disinfection and autoclaving: An study.

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of disinfection and steam autoclaving on the elastic recovery of three different elastomeric impression materials.

Settings And Design: - comparative study.

Materials And Methods: Ninety dumbbell-shaped specimens of commercially available two addition-cured silicones (AFFINIS and AQUASIL) and one condensation-cured silicone (SPEEDEX) impression materials were prepared and treated with chemical disinfectant and steam autoclaving.

Understanding the relevance of herb-drug interaction studies with special focus on interplays: a prerequisite for integrative medicine.

Integrative medicine refers to the blending of conventional and evidence-based complementary medicines and therapies with the aim of using the most appropriate of either or both modalities for ultimate patient benefits. One of the major hurdles for the same is the chances of potential herb-drug interactions (HDIs). These HDIs could be beneficial or harmful, or even fatal; therefore, a thorough understanding of the eventualities of HDIs is essential so that a successful integration of the modern and complementary alternative systems of medicine could be achieved.

and Assessment of Protein Acetylation Status in .

Protein acetylation is one of the standard post-translational modifications found in proteins across all organisms, along with phosphorylation which regulates diverse cellular processes. Acetylation of proteins can be enzymatically catalyzed through acetyltransferases, acetyl CoA synthetases or non-enzymatically through acyl carrier metabolic intermediates. In this protocol, using response regulator proteins as targets we describe the experimental strategy for probing the occurrence of acetylation using purified recombinant proteins in an setup.

Pharmacological investigation of quinoxaline-bisthiazoles as multitarget-directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent disease of old age leading to dementia. Complex AD pathogenesis involves multiple factors viz. amyloid plaque formation, neurofibrillary tangles and inflammation.

Phylogeography and Population Structure Analysis Reveal Diversity by Gene Flow and Mutation in (Pers.) Roussel Causing Loose Smut of Wheat.

(Pers.) Roussel (UST) causes loose smut of wheat account for considerable grain yield losses globally. For effective management, knowledge of its genetic variability and population structure is a prerequisite.

A spirometric and cephalometric comparative evaluation of mandibular advancement devices and occlusal jig.

Aim: Aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of occlusal jig with increased vertical dimension and mandibular advancement device on the oropharangeal volume in completely edentulous patients using spirometry and cephalometry.

Materials And Methods: The current study included includes 30 completely edentulous patient according to inclusion criteria. They were each subjected to cephalometric and spirometric analysis wearing CCD, OJ & MAD.

In vitro and in vivo anticancer efficacy potential of Quercetin loaded polymeric nanoparticles.

Quercetin (QCT) is a flavonoid, abundantly present in plants and has gained considerable interest for its antioxidant property and chemo preventive activity. Bioavailability of QCT is very low due to its poor aqueous solubility and instability. Researchers are working on the application of nanotechnology to target chemotherapeutic drugs to the tumour site.

Potential synergistic effects of quercetin with other phytoconstituents of Costus pictus (insulin plant) extract in the control of hyperglycemia and prevention of NSAID-induced gastroenteropathy in diabetic rats.

There is a need of multifactorial management to treat T2DM. Till date, no clinically simulated animal model and therapy for NSAID-induced gastroenteropathic damage (NSAID-iGD) in T2DM patients. T2DM was developed using high-fat diet plus multiple low doses of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg, IP).

Thiazolyl-thiadiazines as Beta Site Amyloid Precursor Protein Cleaving Enzyme-1 (BACE-1) Inhibitors and Anti-inflammatory Agents: Multitarget-Directed Ligands for the Efficient Management of Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with multiple neuropathological events including β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE-1) inhibition and neuronal inflammation, ensuing degeneracy, and death to neuronal cells. Targeting such a complex disease via a single target directed treatment was found to be inefficacious. Hence, with an intention to incorporate multiple therapeutic effects within a single molecule, multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) have been evolved.

Curcumin, a component of turmeric, efficiently prevents diclofenac sodium-induced gastroenteropathic damage in rats: A step towards translational medicine.

There is a need to find/discover novel leads to treat complex and/or multi-factorial disease(s). Curcumin (CUR) is one of the promising lead molecules which need its further evaluation against NSAID-induced gastroenteropathy. Hence, the aim of the present study was to explore the pharmaco-mechanistic efficacy of CUR against NSAID-induced gastroenteropathy.

Overcoming the exacerbating effects of ranitidine on NSAID-induced small intestinal toxicity with quercetin: Providing a complete GI solution.

There is a need to find/discover novel leads to treat complex and/or multi-factorial-pathogenic disease(s) like Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)-induced gastroenteropathy or gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity as it has emerged as an important medical and socioeconomic problem. There is no approved therapeutic strategy to prevent NSAID-induced enteropathic damage and highly effective gastro-protective drugs such as ranitidine hydrochloride (RAN) exacerbate it. In this purview, the multi target drug discovery approach (MTDD), combination approach and hit to lead strategies based on the foundation of ethnopharmacology and/or reverse pharmacology holds strong potential.