Background: Narrow band imaging (NBI) is an emerging modality that enhances the accuracy of detection of head and neck malignancies by visualisation of aberrant neoangiogenesis in malignant tissue using narrow bandwidth light in blue and green spectrum. The purpose of this study was to assess the role of NBI in detecting recurrence in patients with Squamous cell carcinoma larynx and hypopharynx who have undergone Radiotherapy/Chemoradiotherapy (RT/CTRT). The aim of the study was to (a) determine the role of NBI in follow-up of patients with carcinoma of larynx and hypopharynx previously treated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy, (b) determine the role of NBI as the initial investigatory tool of choice in detecting local recurrence and compare with other modalities like fibreoptic laryngoscopy (FOL), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Positron Emission Tomography- Computed Tomography (PETCT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLaryngeal webs are abnormal formation of an epithelium-covered fibrous tissue between two structures within the larynx (Pegg et al. in Ear Nose Throat J 90(10):486-488, 2011). Most of the laryngeal webs occurs at the level of glottic region which may extend till anterior 1/3rd of vocal cords, but it can also extend in to posterior glottis and inferiorly till subglottic region (Singh in J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 14(3):108-109, 2009).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo the best of our knowledge, this is the largest case series describing the use of a melolabial flap for postlaryngectomy pharyngoplasty. It is an excellent alternative for pharyngoplasty, especially in cases post chemoradiotherapy. It accomplishes the goal while removing the restrictions of local and distant flaps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed J Armed Forces India
December 2021
Background: Follow-up of patients treated for head and neck cancer is an important part of the overall treatment. Oral cancers are one of the leading causes of dysphagia. Swallowing dysfunction occurs owing to the disease itself, its predisposing factors, and the treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
December 2022
Chyle leak is a dreadful complication in patients undergoing neck dissections. Octreotide has been used in the management of chyle leak post neck dissections in head and neck cancer patients. Currently there is no consensus and practice guidelines on the same.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Wilms' tumor is the most-frequent malignant-kidney tumor in children under 3-4 years of age and is caused by genetic alterations of oncogenes (OG) and tumor-suppressor genes (TG). Wilms' tumor has been linked to many OG-&-TG. However, only WT1 has a proven role in the development of this embryonic-tumor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To study the potential role of subjective visual vertical (SVV) as a prognostic marker for canalith repositioning maneuver (CRM) in patients with posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (PC-BPPV) for the Indian population.
Methods: SVV was examined in 30 patients with PC-BPPV before and after canalith repositioning maneuver and after complete resolution of PC-BPPV. Study parameters included the mean of 10 angular tilt readings and direction of deviation, which were compared before and after CRM and following complete resolution of PC-BPPV.
Laryngeal histoplasmosis is a very rare cause of laryngitis which is encountered usually in the immunosuppressed states but can also occur in immunologically intact status. We report a rare case of laryngeal histoplasmosis in a man in his 60s, a chronic smoker who presented with a history of progressive hoarseness for 3 months. The glottic growth was biopsied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The choice of Esophageal replacement (ER) depends on surgeons' preference and patients' anatomical condition. A cross-sectional study was done to compare the long-term outcomes of two methods of ER, Gastric transposition (GT) and Colonic interposition (CI).
Methods: Children who had undergone ER from January 1997 to December 2017 with a minimum of two-year post-ER follow-up were evaluated by anthropometry, hepatobiliary scintigraphy, gastroesophageal reflux study, gastric emptying test, pulmonary function test and blood tests.
Subglottic concretion is a rare and perilous condition usually presenting with existing or impending airway obstruction. Due to long-standing nature of the condition, slow progression of symptoms and rarity of occurrence, the condition is either missed or misdiagnosed. Its resemblance in presentation and symptoms to that of foreign body (FB) bronchus can lead to a diagnostic misadventure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman liver is the primary and obligatory site for malaria infection where sporozoites invade host hepatocytes. Malaria hepatic stages are asymptomatic and represent an attractive target for development of anti-malarial interventions and vaccines. However, owing to lack of robust and reproducible culture system, it is difficult to target and study this imperative malaria liver stage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The anal position index (API) was described in 1984 by Reisner et al. Since then, it has been measured in different ethnic populations and its utility in various medical conditions have been explored. We aimed to review the literature regarding the various values reported analytically.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe natural history of COVID-19 infection in children is still evolving as the pandemic unfolds. Few cases of severe and often fatal COVID-19 have been reported although the infection is mild in the large majority. Children with cancers are recognised as a high risk group for all infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHighly keratinized oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) exhibits an improved response to treatment and prognosis compared with weakly keratinized OSCC. Therefore, we aimed to develop gene transcript signature and to identify novel full-length isoforms, fusion transcript and non-coding RNA to differentiate well-differentiated (WD) with Moderately Differentiated (MD)/Poorly Differentiated (PD)/WD-lymphadenopathy OSCC through, HTA, Isoform sequencing, and NanoString. Additionally, specific copy number gain and loss were also identify in WD keratinized OSCC through Oncoscan array and validated through Real-time PCR in histopathologically characterized FFPE-WD keratinized OSCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Reconstruction of head and neck cancer ablative defects is challenging. A modification of the nasolabial flap (islanded pedicled nasolabial flap [ipNLF]) is an easy and reliable option for reconstruction of small- to medium-sized defects of the head and neck, especially in resource-constrained and high-volume centers.
Study Design And Methods: We present the retrospective analysis of 27 consecutive patients reconstructed with ipNLF at two high-volume cancer centers, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital, Varanasi, India; and Army Hospital Research and Referral, New Delhi, India.
J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg
January 2019
The rapidly expanding field of tissue engineering along with stem cell therapy has a promising future in pediatric urological conditions. The initial struggle seemed difficult in renal regeneration but a functional biounit has been developed. Urine excretion has been demonstrated successfully from stem cell-generated embryonic kidneys.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA major obstacle impeding malaria research is the lack of an in vitro system capable of supporting infection through the entire liver stage cycle of the parasite, including that of the dormant forms known as hypnozoites. Primary hepatocytes lose their liver specific functions in long-term in vitro culture. The malaria parasite Plasmodium initiates infection in hepatocyte.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReconstruction of neopharynx after total laryngectomy is a challenging task. Various locoregional flaps like pectoralis major myocutaneos/ latismus dorsi flaps and free flaps have their own limitations and advantages. To overcome this, we used facial artery-based cutaneous island flap (melo-labial flap) for reconstruction of the neopharynx following total laryngectomy (DK Gupta technique).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisorders of sex development (DSD) are a sensitive and stressful condition for the family as well as the treating physician to deal with. The main issue in managing such cases is sex assignment. The decision is influenced by the cultural background, the sex of rearing, clinical features, the biochemical parameters including hormonal studies, the imaging reports, parental preference, fertility potential, and the assessment of mental make-up of the child when possible.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFhypnozoites persist in the liver, cause malaria relapse and represent a major challenge to malaria elimination. Our previous transcriptomic study provided a novel molecular framework to enhance our understanding of the hypnozoite biology (Voorberg-van der Wel A, et al., 2017).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg
January 2019
Aim: This study aims to evaluate the need of Redo pull-through (Re PT) procedures for Hirschsprung's disease (HD) and suggest preventive strategies.
Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent redo procedures for HD from 1980 to 2016 by a single surgeon were retrospectively reviewed.
Results: Of 167 patients operated for HD, 32 underwent Re PT; 7 were previously operated by the same surgeon, while 25 were referred from outside.
J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg
January 2019
The need for successful management of posterior urethral valves always captivates the minds of pediatric surgeons. Its success, however, depends on several factors ranging from prenatal preservation of upper tracts to postoperative pharmacological compliance. Regardless of measures available, some cases do not respond and progress to end stage.
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