A Primer and Literature Review on Internal and External Retention Mechanisms for Catheter Fixation.

Although catheters are commonplace in hospital settings, there is scarce literature discussing the internal and external retention mechanisms used to aid in catheter fixation. Additionally, exact definitions and detailed information on internal and external retention mechanisms are almost non-existent in the literature. This article serves three primary purposes.

Preoperative Embolization of a Delayed Femoral Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report.

Preoperative embolization of hypervascular bone metastasis is an effective measure for reducing blood loss during open orthopedic surgery. When the clinician is experienced with the procedure, the risks of the procedure are minimal and final outcomes are typically good. In this study, we report a case of a 50-year-old female patient who presented with a delayed metastatic renal cell tumor in the left proximal femur one year after radical nephrectomy.