Fabrication of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)/gelatin electro spun nanofiber patch containing CaCO/SiO nanocomposite and quercetin for accelerated diabetic wound healing.

An open wound or sore on the bottom of the foot caused by diabetes is known as a diabetic foot ulcer. Preventive measures are essential, including consistent foot care and glycemic management. The dangers associated with diabetic foot ulcers can be reduced via early identification and timely treatment.

Fabrication and optimization of curcumin-multiwalled carbon nanotube (C-MWCNT) conjugate reinforced electrospun polyacrylonitrile membrane for water treatment applications.

In the recent times, one of the most crucial tasks related to water resources is the treatment of polluted water. This study reports the development of a functionalized nanofibrous membrane with enhanced filtration performance, heavy metal removal, and photocatalytic dye degradation for the effective treatment of contaminated water. The nanofibrous mats were developed by the process of electrospinning using a polymeric solution of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) reinforced with curcumin-multiwalled carbon nanotube (C-MWCNT) conjugate.

Evaluating the ameliorative effect of nano bis-demethoxy curcumin analog against extrapulmonary toxicity in rat induced by inhaled multi-walled carbon nanotube.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exposure in human beings through inhalation may affect pulmonary organs and extrapulmonary organs including liver, kidney, brain, spleen, etc. The toxic effects developed as the result of CNTs exposure made us to explore the beneficial effect of nano bis-demethoxy curcumin analog (NBDMCA) towards multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-induced toxicity in extrapulmonary organs. The current study described the ameliorative effect of NBDMCA against the toxic effects developed by inhaled MWCNTs in the extrapulmonary organs.

Alternative methods of monitoring emerging contaminants in water: a review.

Anthropogenic activities have steadily increased the release of emerging contaminants (ECs) in aquatic bodies, and these ECs may have adverse effects on humans even at their trace (μg L) levels. Their occurrence in wastewater systems is more common, and the current wastewater treatment facilities are inefficient in eliminating many of such persistent ECs. "Gold standard" techniques such as chromatography, mass spectrometry, and other high-resolution mass spectrometers are used for the quantification of ECs of various kinds, but they all have significant limitations.

Insights on the Dynamics and Toxicity of Nanoparticles in Environmental Matrices.

The manufacturing rate of nanoparticles (10-100 nm) is steadily increasing due to their extensive applications in the fabrication of nanoproducts related to pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, medical devices, paints and pigments, energy storage etc. An increase in research related to nanotechnology is also a cause for the production and disposal of nanomaterials at the lab scale. As a result, contamination of environmental matrices with nanoparticles becomes inevitable, and the understanding of the risk of nanoecotoxicology is getting larger attention.

A novel, highly sensitive electrochemical 1,4-dioxane sensor based on reduced graphene oxide-curcumin nanocomposite.

1,4-Dioxane is a carcinogenic, non-biodegradable, organic water pollutant which is used as a solvent in various industries. It is also formed as an undesired by-product in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry. Given its carcinogenicity and ability to pollute, it is desirable to develop a sensitive and selective sensor to detect it in drinking water and other water bodies.

Curcumin Is an Iconic Ligand for Detecting Environmental Pollutants.

The rapid increase in industrial revolution and the consequent environmental contamination demands continuous monitoring and sensitive detection of the pollutants. Nanomaterial-based sensing system has proved to be proficient in sensing environmental pollutants. The development of novel ligands for enhancing the sensing efficiency of nanomaterials has always been a challenge.

Toxicity of Graphene: An Update.

Graphene possesses wider biomedical applications including drug delivery, photothermal ablation of tumors, biosensors, and also in the disease diagnosis. The accidental or intentional exposure of the environment including plants, ecosystem, and humans toward graphene is gradually increasing. Therefore, graphene toxicity becomes a critical issue to be addressed despite their diverse applications in multiple fields.

Characterization of NCC-RbC-51, an RB cell line isolated from a metastatic site.

Retinoblastoma (RB) is a childhood eye tumor, caused by the RB1 gene mutation. Since RB is a rapidly proliferating tumor, the patient presents with a Group-D/E tumor at the time of diagnosis. Enucleation is preferred in most unilateral cases to prevent metastasis.

Multi-walled carbon nanotube-induced inhalation toxicity: Recognizing nano bis-demethoxy curcumin analog as an ameliorating candidate.

Human beings and ecosystems are being possibly exposed to CNTs, as there is a rise in global production rate of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). This may affect the health of humans and increases the environmental risk. We have already reported the pulmonary toxicity due to the inhalation of MWCNTs.

Amperometric determination of nitrite using natural fibers as template for titanium dioxide nanotubes with immobilized hemin as electron transfer mediator.

A sensing device was constructed for the amperometric determination of nitrite. It is based on the use of titanium dioxide (TiO) nanotubes template with natural fibers and carrying hemin acting as the electron mediator. A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with the hemin/TNT nanocomposite.

Non-cytotoxic effect of green synthesized silver nanoparticles and its antibacterial activity.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were green synthesized using ethanolic extract of fenugreek leaves and characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy HRTEM and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) techniques. The HRTEM results revealed the formation of highly stable, mono dispersed, spherical shaped AgNPs with the size ranging from 20 to 30nm. The presence of flavonoids and their interaction with the AgNPs were confirmed using FTIR.

Towards Intravenous Drug Delivery: Augmenting the Stability and Dispersity of Bis-Demethoxy Curcumin Analog by Bottom-Up Strategy.

Intravenous route is the best strategy to accomplish fastest and highest delivery of drugs. Hydrophobic drugs like curcumin and its analog exhibit disadvantages like low bioavailability, poor absorption and rapid precipitation on intravenous delivery, all leading to its poor therapeutic value. These can be by-passed by enhancing the dispersity, stability and decreasing the size of the drug by nanotization.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanorods and Optimization of Its Therapeutic Cum Toxic Dose.

Germinated Fenugreek seeds are relatively rich in flavonoids and polyphenols than dry seeds. Therefore, germinated fenugreek seeds possess better pharmacological activities. We have used an aqueous extract of germinated fenugreek seeds to reduce silver nitrate into nanoscale silver rods.

Facile Synthesis of Curcumin Nanocrystals and Validation of Its Antioxidant Activity Against Circulatory Toxicity in Wistar Rats.

Our investigation was carried out in two phases. First we synthesized curcumin nanocrystals using a simple precipitation method and characterized their absorbance, crystallinity, size, and morphology by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and Particle size Analyzer (PSA), in comparison with bulk curcumin. Characterization studies revealed that the protocol we standardized resulted in Curcumin nanocrystals with 10-200 nm size which was fairly soluble in water in contrast to bulk curcumin.

Determination of LC50 and sub-chronic neurotoxicity of diesel exhaust nanoparticles.

Air pollution is a major problem faced globally and is seen associated with central nervous system (CNS) disorders like neuropathology and neuro-inflammation. Here, we investigated the CNS disorders as a result of sub-chronic exposure (90 days) to diesel exhaust nanoparticles (DENPs) and explored the minimal levels of DENPs needed to exhibit the early mediators of neuro-inflammation and neuropathology. Male and female wistar rats (6 rats per group) were exposed to DENPs (1/5th, 1/10th and 1/15th LC50) by inhalation for 4h per day, 5 days per week over 90 days and neurotoxicity end-points were analyzed.

State of the Art Detection System for Curcumin Analog.

In spite of the need for sensing bisdemethoxycurcumin analog (BDMCA), there is no detection system available so far. For the first time, we have demonstrated a sensing system for detecting BDMCA. Initially, chitosan thin films of three different molecular weights (low, average, high) were tested for the conductivity.

One time nose-only inhalation of MWCNTs: Exploring the mechanism of toxicity by intermittent sacrifice in Wistar rats.

We have investigated the time-dependent effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in rats upon single inhalation exposure followed by intermittent sacrifice. The effects were monitored by analyzing the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and histopathological analysis. Cell count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, protein and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 4 (IL-4)) were significantly increased, while cell viability and alveolar macrophage count significantly decreased in the BALF of MWCNT-treated rats on day 1, day 7 and day 14 post-exposure, when compared to control rats.

Future of nano bisdemethoxy curcumin analog: guaranteeing safer intravenous delivery.

The present study deals with the toxicity assessment of NBDMCA in vitro using red cell model and in vivo using rat model. Hemolysis was used as toxicity index in red blood cells. Different concentrations of NBDMCA viz.

Chitosan-starch nanocomposite particles as a drug carrier for the delivery of bis-desmethoxy curcumin analog.

The conventional drug delivery system has serious limitations such as lack of target specificity, altered effects and diminished potency. These limitations can be overcome by using biocompatible polymer as an effective drug delivery system. In this study, bis-demethoxy curcumin analog loaded Chitosan-starch (BDMCA-CS) nanocomposite particles were developed using different ratios of Chitosan and starch (3:1, 1:1 & 1:3) by ionic gelation method.

Effects of ultrafine petrol exhaust particles on cytotoxicity, oxidative stress generation, DNA damage and inflammation in human A549 lung cells and murine RAW 264.7 macrophages.

Air pollution has persistently been the major cause of respiratory-related illness and death. Environmental pollutants such as diesel and petrol exhaust particles (PEPs) are the major contributors to urban air pollution. The aim of the present study was to characterize and investigate the in vitro cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, DNA damage and inflammation induced by PEPs.

Aqueous extract of Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek) prevents cypermethrin-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

Cypermethrin (CM) is an important type II pyrethroid pesticide used extensively in pest control and is reported to cause hepatic and renal toxicity. Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation (LPO) has been implicated in the toxicology of pyrethroids. Fenugreek is known for its antitoxic and antioxidant potential.