Management of refractory rectal variceal bleed using computed tomography.

The management of refractory rectal variceal bleed using a minimally invasive percutaneous approach is described. Rectal varices are portosystemic collaterals that arise as a complication of portal hypertension. Bleeding is less common from rectal varices than from esophageal varices, but it is potentially life-threatening.

Arteriovenous malformation in the middle mediastinum with spontaneous hemoptysis and successful management by Endovascular embolization.

Arteriovenous malformations in the mediastinum are rare and extremely unusual in middle mediastinum. The present report describes a 26-year male with spontaneous massive hemoptysis due to arteriovenous malformation in middle mediastinum and successful management by endovascular embolization. Spontaneous massive hemoptysis can be a presenting feature of arteriovenous malformation in middle mediastinum and endovascular embolization can be curative.