Complications of percutaneous nephrostomy in a district general hospital.

Objective: Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) is one of the commonest procedures performed. There are currently no European recommendations on the accepted rate of complications. The aim of the present study is to report the complication rate of PCN with the specific emphasis on sepsis and septic shock, the causative organisms, sensitivities to antibiotics, and associated risk factors.

Uretero-Arterial Fistula - Not So Rare?

The first uretero-arterial fistula (UAF) was reported in 1908 by Moschcowitz. In 2009, a systematic review identified 139 cases. Since then a further 23 cases were described with 19 cases originating from a single center.

Is magnetic resonance imaging helpful in detecting significant prostate cancer in patients with haematospermia, normal prostate specific antigen level and digital rectal examination. A single institution, observational, and retrospective study in a United Kingdom hospital.

Introduction: Haematospermia is an uncommon clinical condition that may be associated with prostate cancer. The optimal investigation of haematospermia is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate haematospermia as a presenting symptom of significant pathology and to assess the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Semen quality after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for the management of lower ureteric stones: a review of the literature.

Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy has long been an important tool in the urologists' armamentarium for the treatment of distal ureteric stones. Several studies have been conducted on the morbidity and adverse effects of ESWL on human tissues but the effect of lithotripsy on semen and testes remains inconclusive. Impact on semen analysis and testes is important because the seminal vesicles and testes are exposed to the shock waves due to their anatomical proximity to the distal ureter.

Nocturia as a manifestation of systemic disease.

Nocturia is commonly referred to urologists, but the mechanisms underlying the problem, together with the appropriate clinical assessment and management, may lie outside the ordinary scope of the specialty. Some serious conditions may manifest nocturia as an early feature, often as a consequence of nocturnal polyuria (NP). Voiding frequency is influenced by rate of urine output, reservoir capacity of the bladder, lower urinary tract (LUT) sensation and psychological response.

Diagnosing urological disorders in ageing men.

The prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) increases with age. ED has organic aetiologies and is associated with other clinical comorbidities. Men with ED are more likely to have: cardiac disease, diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia, angina, hypertension, prostate disease and depression.