Effect of Nisin and Storage Temperature on Outgrowth of Spores in Pasteurized Liquid Whole Eggs.

Pasteurization is used to ensure the safety of liquid whole eggs (LWEs) before commercial distribution; however, it is insufficient to inactivate the spore-forming bacteria . This study investigated the effect of nisin on the growth kinetics of in LWE. Samples supplemented with 0-6.

Paper-Based Flexible Nanoparticle Hybrid Substrate for Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Melamine in Powder Milk by SERS.

Melamine is a chemical compound that is added to dairy products to increase the apparent protein content for higher profit margins. However, extended consumption of melamine can cause health risks. The SERS technique has proven to be an important tool for detecting small compounds, such as melamine.

Exploring structural antigens of yellow fever virus to design multi-epitope subunit vaccine candidate by utilizing an immuno-informatics approach.

Background: Yellow fever is a mosquito-borne viral hemorrhagic disease transmitted by several species of virus-infected mosquitoes endemic to tropical regions of Central and South America and Africa. Earlier in the twentieth century, mass vaccination integrated with mosquito control was implemented to eradicate the yellow fever virus. However, regular outbreaks occur in these regions which pose a threat to travelers and residents of Africa and South America.

Inactivation of dried cells and biofilms of by exposure to blue light at different wavelengths and the influence of surface materials.

Antimicrobial blue light (aBL) in the 400-470 nm wavelength range has been reported to kill multiple bacteria. This study assessed its potential for mitigating an important foodborne pathogen, (Lm), focusing on surface decontamination. Three wavelengths were tested, with gallic acid as a photosensitizing agent (Ps), against dried cells obtained from bacterial suspensions, and biofilms on stainless-steel (SS) coupons.

Effect of aquaponic water and substratum material on biofilm formation by Aeromonas hydrophila.

Aeromonas hydrophila is a zoonotic pathogen causing illness in fish and susceptible humans. This emerging pathogen has been isolated within aquaponic systems and could cause disease in fish and a hazard to humans consuming aquaponic produce. This study determined whether A.

Assessing the Risk of Seasonal Effects of Contaminated Broiler Meat Prepared In-Home in the United States.

Campylobacter has consistently posed a food safety issue in broiler meat. This study aimed to create a quantitative microbial risk assessment model from retail to consumption, designed to evaluate the seasonal risk of campylobacteriosis associated with broiler meat consumption in the United States. To achieve this, data was gathered to build distributions that would enable us to predict the growth of Campylobacter during various stages such as retail storage, transit, and home storage.

Antibiotic resistance associated lactic acid cross tolerance in Shiga-toxin producing .

Introduction: The occurrence of antibiotic resistant (ABR) bacteria in foods is a growing public health challenge. We evaluated sanitizer cross-tolerance among ABR () O157:H7 and non-O157:H7 Shiga-toxin producing (STEC) serogroups. Sanitizer tolerance in STEC could be a public health concern as mitigation strategies against the pathogen might be compromised.

Comparative genome analysis of Streptococcus strains to identify virulent genes causing neonatal meningitis.

Aim: To determine Streptococcus agalactiae genes responsible for causing neonatal meningitis.

Background: Streptococcus agalactiae strain 2603 V/R is causative agent of neonatal meningitis, maternal infection and sepsis in young children. World health organisation reported high burden of new born death caused by this bacterium.

A computational approach to discover antioxidant and anti-inflammatory attributes of silymarin derived from by comparison with hydroxytyrosol.

Medicinal plants possess therapeutic potential for reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated cellular damage. Hydroxytyrosol is one of the most potent antioxidants that served as control in the current study, including other synthetic antioxidants to computationally identify the antioxidant properties of Silymarin. The sequences of the receptors IκB kinase (IKK), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap-1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam) were retrieved from UniProtKB and homology modeling was performed using Swiss-Model server.

Development of pharmacophore model to identify potential DNA gyrase inhibitors.

There is great concern in the medical community due to rapid increase in antibiotic resistance, causing 700,000 deaths annually worldwide. Therefore, there is paramount need to develop novel and innovative antibacterial agents active against resistant bacterial strains. DNA gyrase is a crucial enzyme in bacterial replication that is absent in eukaryotes, making it effective curative target for antibacterials.

Evaluation of Low-Cost Smartphone-Based Infrared Cameras to Assess the Cooling and Refrigerated Storage Temperatures of Fresh Produce.

Populations of pathogens may increase in fresh produce when subjected to temperature abuse. Smartphone-based infrared (SBIR) cameras are potential alternatives for temperature measurements of fresh produce during postharvest handling and storage. This study compared the performance of SBIR cameras (FLIR and Seek) against conventional temperature acquisition devices for evaluating fresh produce's simulated hydrocooling and storage conditions.

Essential Oil Microemulsions Inactivate Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria on Iceberg Lettuce during 28-Day Storage at 4 °C.

The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activities of essential oil-based microemulsions in the wash water against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas fluorescens on Iceberg lettuce. Evaluated wash microemulsions included oregano oil, lemongrass oil, and cinnamon oil, along with a plant-based emulsifier for improved solubility. Iceberg lettuce was inoculated for 2 min with E.

Comparison between LASSO and RT methods for prediction of generic E. coli concentration in pastured poultry farms.

Though most strains of E. coli are non-pathogenic components of the intestinal microbiome, certain pathogenic E. coli strains are the cause of diseases and outbreaks.

Discovery of Novel Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Gyrase Using a QSAR-Based Approach.

Type II topoisomerases like DNA gyrase initiate ATP-dependent negative supercoils in bacterial DNA. It is critical in all of the bacteria but is missing from eukaryotes, making it a striking target for antibacterials. Ciprofloxacin is a clinically approved drug, but its clinical effectiveness is affected by the emergence of resistance in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Antibiotic Resistance Influences Growth Rates and Cross-Tolerance to Lactic Acid in O157:H7 H1730.

O157:H7-contaminated beef has been implicated in numerous foodborne outbreaks. Contamination occurs despite the use of antimicrobial interventions such as lactic acid (LA). In addition, resistance to antibiotics such as ampicillin and streptomycin among isolates has been frequently reported.

Fibrolipomatous Hamartoma of Median Nerve - A Diagnostic Challenge.

Introduction: Fibrolipomatous hamartoma (FLH) is an uncommon slow-growing tumor of benign etiology, which predominantly affects the median nerve.

Case Report: We report the case study of a 17-year-old male patient, who presented with complaints of a gradually increasing localized swelling over the volar aspect of left hand for 1 year. A contrast-enhanced Magnetic resonance (MR) scan of the left hand was performed which demonstrated characteristic findings.

Effectiveness of mouthwash against viruses: 2020 perspective. A systematic review.

Introduction: Antiseptic mouthwash is widely recommended to treat various oral diseases as well as to improve oral health. Most of the dental procedures lead to the generation of aerosols. These aerosols have a high potential to transmit disease.

Predictive model for growth of Clostridium botulinum from spores during cooling of cooked ground chicken.

Cooking temperature of poultry meat is typically inadequate to inactivate the heat resistant spores of Clostridium botulinum. The purpose of this study is to develop a predictive model for C. botulinum during cooling of cooked ground chicken.

Small joint polyarthritis - An unusual presentation of scrub typhus in a child.

Scrub typhus is a common Rickettsial infection which is endemic in tropical regions. It is characterised by fever, eschar, thrombocytopenia, lymphadenopathy and organomegaly. Scrub typhus has significant morbidity and mortality owing to its multisystemic involvement.

Neuroimmune Mechanisms in Signaling of Pain During Acute Kidney Injury (AKI).

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant global health concern. The primary causes of AKI include ischemia, sepsis and nephrotoxicity. The unraveled interface between nervous system and immune response with specific focus on pain pathways is generating a huge interest in reference to AKI.

Biocides and Novel Antimicrobial Agents for the Mitigation of Coronaviruses.

In December, 2019, a highly infectious and rapidly spreading new pneumonia of unknown cause was reported to the Chinese WHO Country Office. A cluster of these cases had appeared in Wuhan, a city in the Hubei Province of China. These infections were found to be caused by a new coronavirus which was given the name "2019 novel coronavirus" (2019-nCoV).

Antimicrobial Efficacy of Pelargonic Acid Micelles against Salmonella varies by Surfactant, Serotype and Stress Response.

The antimicrobial properties of Pelargonic acid (PA), a component of tomatoes, makes it an attractive candidate as a food additive and sanitizer. The antimicrobial efficacy of PA emulsions generated using surfactants: Tween 80, Triton X100, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) and Quillaja Saponin was evaluated against Salmonella serotypes Newport, Oranienburg and Typhimurium. Micelle/dropletsize, and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined.

High specificity and tight spatial restriction of self-biotinylation by DNA and RNA G-Quadruplexes complexed in vitro and in vivo with Heme.

Guanine-rich, single-stranded DNAs and RNAs that fold to G-quadruplexes (GQs) are able to complex tightly with heme and display strongly enhanced peroxidase activity. Phenolic compounds are particularly good substrates for these oxidative DNAzymes and ribozymes; we recently showed that the use of biotin-tyramide as substrate can lead to efficient GQ self-biotinylation. Such biotinylated GQs are amenable to polymerase chain reaction amplification and should be useful for a relatively non-perturbative investigation of GQs as well as GQ-heme complexes within living cells.

Ozonized water with plant antimicrobials: An effective method to inactivate Salmonella enterica on iceberg lettuce in the produce wash water.

Post-harvest washing of produce is performed to remove physical debris and to lower microbial load. The use of ozone in combination with plant-based antimicrobials was evaluated as an alternative to conventional sanitizers such as chlorine. Plant based antimicrobials that were evaluated in combination with ozone included oregano oil, carvacrol, Quillaja saponin and olive extract.