Continuous glucose monitoring in pregnant women with pregestational type 2 diabetes: a narrative review.

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in pregnancy is associated with poor perinatal outcomes; however, there are limited data on outcomes of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) use in this population. We reviewed the literature on studies reporting CGM outcomes in pregnant women with T2DM. We aimed to synthesise in a narrative review, the effects of CGM on glycaemic and perinatal outcomes as well as current research gaps.

Metanephrine mirage: distinguishing the phaeocopies, a case report and literature review.

Background: We present one of only seven reported cases of a catecholamine-secreting adrenal neuroblastoma in an adult. The case is used as a platform to discuss key biochemical, genomic and imaging considerations that are central to the successful, targeted management of catecholamine-secreting adrenal tumours.

Case Presentation: A 63-year-old male was urgently reviewed at a tertiary hospital endocrinology outpatient clinic for a 12 cm right-sided adrenal incidentaloma.

Medical negligence under pressure: obligations of clinicians and healthcare services in the setting of resource limitations.

Healthcare provision takes place in a variety of contexts, with variations of resources available to practitioners and their patients. Effects from the COVID-19 pandemic superimposed on existing system demands have driven increasing concern about resource limitations, particularly in rural and remote settings. This article explores the legal liability of medical practitioners and healthcare services with respect to actions in negligence arising from harm to patients suffered, either partly or wholly, as a result of resource limitations.

Antenatal health and perinatal outcomes of Pacific Islander women in Australia with and without gestational diabetes: A ten-year retrospective cohort study.

Background: Pacific Islander (PI) women in Australia have an increased risk of gestational diabetes (GDM); however, their perinatal outcomes are poorly understood.

Aim: The aim was to determine the maternal characteristics and perinatal outcomes of PI women with and without GDM compared to Australian/European (AE)-born women.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of perinatal outcomes of singleton deliveries >20 weeks' gestation between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2020 was conducted at a tertiary provider (Melbourne, Australia).

Simplified gestational diabetes screening with a triaging fasting plasma glucose reduces the burden of oral glucose tolerance tests during pregnancy - A large tertiary comparative cohort study.

Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of a simplified screeningapproach for gestational diabetes (GDM) compared to conventional screening on OGTT rates, GDM prevalence, and perinatal outcomes.

Method: A retrospective comparative cohort study included singleton births from 20 weeks' gestation. Pregnancies without diagnostic glucose results from 13 weeks' gestation or incomplete screenings were excluded.

Managing negative online reviews: Considerations for doctors.

Background: In an increasingly digital world, particularly with the rapid rise in the use of telehealth, online reviews from members of the public regarding clinician performance are becoming more ubiquitous.

Objective: This article considers the measures clinicians can take to manage unwanted negative online reviews. While this is a complex area, the aim of this article is to provide a starting point and overview of practical responses clinicians may consider.

Pituitary function following peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for neuroendocrine tumours.

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is an increasingly used treatment for unresectable neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) that express somatostatin receptors. Normal pituitary tissue expresses somatostatin receptors so patients receiving PRRT may be at risk of developing hypopituitarism. The aim was to assess the prevalence of clinically significant hypopituitarism a minimum of 2 years following radioisotope therapy for metastatic NET.

Obligations of Australian health services as employers during COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought into focus obligations for health services to protect the health and safety of their staff, arising from Occupational, Health and Safety legislation and the duty of care owed by a health service as an employer. Health workers, by nature of their work, are a particularly at-risk population in the context of COVID-19. This article examines the legal standard of care that healthcare employers owe their staff in terms of reduction of risk exposure, both physically and psychologically, to COVID-19, the obligation to provide staff with personal protective equipment, adequate hygiene, cleaning and the consequences for breaching these standards.

Trial protocol to compare the efficacy of a smartphone-based blood glucose management system with standard clinic care in the gestational diabetic population.

Introduction: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is rising in the UK. Good glycaemic control improves maternal and neonatal outcomes. Frequent clinical review of patients with GDM by healthcare professionals is required owing to the rapidly changing physiology of pregnancy and its unpredictable course.

Optimal differentiated thyroid cancer management in the elderly.

The incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer is increasing worldwide across all age groups. While most patients with differentiated thyroid cancer have a good prognosis, aggressive disease is more common in the elderly and disease-specific mortality is higher. Treatment options for differentiated thyroid cancer include surgery, levothyroxine, radioactive iodine, external beam radiotherapy and kinase inhibitors.

Acceptability and user satisfaction of a smartphone-based, interactive blood glucose management system in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

The increase in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is challenging maternity services. We have developed an interactive, smartphone-based, remote blood glucose (BG) monitoring system, GDm-health. The objective was to determine women's satisfaction with using the GDm-health system and their attitudes toward their diabetes care.

Lower treatment targets for gestational diabetes: is lower really better?

Proposed lower diagnostic thresholds and lower treatment targets for gestational diabetes have been controversial internationally. Intervention trials for the recently revised lower Australian treatment targets are currently lacking. While there may be benefits, lowering treatment targets may cause a number of harms including increased risk of hypoglycaemia in pregnant women, greater medicolegal risk for health practitioners, and heavier economic costs for the health system.

Development of a real-time smartphone solution for the management of women with or at high risk of gestational diabetes.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as new onset or recognition of glucose intolerance in pregnancy. Evidence supports tight blood glucose regulation to prevent adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Finger-prick blood glucose (BG) testing with frequent clinic review remains the most common method of managing diabetes in pregnancy.

Safer hours for doctors and improved safety for patients.

An increasing weight of evidence is demonstrating that sleep deprivation and circadian rhythm disruption in doctors are associated with human error and harm to both patients and doctors. The increasing junior doctor workforce entering the hospital system in Australia provides a rare opportunity for workplace and roster reforms. There are cultural, educational and industrial challenges to reforming working hours.