Modulation of Hexadecyl-LPA-Mediated Activation of Mast Cells and Microglia by a Chemical Probe for LPA5.

Mast cells and microglia play a critical role in innate immunity and inflammation and can be activated by a wide range of endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) has recently been reported to activate mast cells and microglia. Using the human mast cell line HMC-1 and the mouse microglia cell line BV-2, we show that LPA-mediated activation can be prevented by blockade of the LPA receptor 5 (LPA5) in both cell lines.

Selective non-lipid modulator of LPA5 activity in human platelets.

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a potent activator of human platelets in vitro. Recently, the G protein-coupled receptor LPA5/GPR92 has been identified to be the relevant LPA receptor responsible for the activation of human platelets by LPA. In a high-throughput screening campaign we identified a diphenyl pyrazole carboxylic acid as a small-molecule inhibitor for LPA5.

Association between the Thr325Ile polymorphism of the thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor and stroke in the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health Study.

The thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is a key mediator in the regulation of endogenous fibrinolysis, down-regulating clot lysis by degrading the C-terminal lysine residues from fibrin, which are important for binding and activating plasminogen. Elevated TAFI antigen levels have been suggested to be associated with promoter variants and the Ala147Thr polymorphism; increased TAFI stability and antifibrinolytic potential instead have been associated with the Thr325Ile polymorphism. We investigated the influence of these two polymorphisms on cardiovascular and thrombotic events in patients of the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) study.