Concentration of teicoplanin in the serum of adults with end stage chronic renal failure undergoing treatment for infection.

We examined the adequacy of the following schedule for the administration of i.v. teicoplanin to patients with chronic renal failure: three doses of 6 mg/kg at 12 h intervals, a fourth dose 24 h later and then subsequent doses every 72 h.

Synthesis and solution structure of the antimicrobial peptide protegrin-1.

Protegrins are members of a family of five Cys-rich, cationic antimicrobial peptides recently isolated from porcine cells. We have synthesised an 18-amino-acid peptide that corresponds to protegrin-1. After Cys oxidation, the peptide has bactericidal activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, similar to that described for the natural peptide.

Change in membrane permeability induced by protegrin 1: implication of disulphide bridges for pore formation.

Protegrin 1 (PG-1) is a naturally occurring cationic antimicrobial peptide that is 18 residues long, has an aminated carboxy terminus and contains two disulphide bridges. Here, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of PG-1 and three linear analogues. Then, the membrane permeabilisation induced by these peptides was studied upon Xenopus laevis oocytes by electrophysiological methods.

Comparative evaluation of blood culture using the Vital automated system and the Becton-Dickinson Septi-Chek BHI-S biphasic and Sch bottles.

A comparative study was performed using 1,168 aerobic and anaerobic blood culture pairs from 395 patients, during which 5-10 mL of blood were collected in both Septi-Chek BHI-S biphasic and Septi-Chek Sch bottles (Becton-Dickinson, Meylan, France) and Vital AER and Vital Ana bottles (bioMérieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France). The bottles were analyzed by using a 7-day protocol for Vital and a 12-day protocol for Septi-Chek. The Vital bottles revealed negative were all subcultured at the end of the protocol.

Detection kinetics for positive blood culture bottles by using the VITAL automated system.

The VITAL system principle is based on homogeneous fluorescence technology. During an 11-month period, a total of 19,706 blood cultures from adult patients hospitalized in various establishments of the Montpellier Teaching Hospital were collected in VITAL bottles, of which 1,939 were declared positive. Only 204 bottles (1.

Influence of arterio-venous haemofiltration on teicoplanin elimination.

The pharmacokinetics of teicoplanin infused for 30 min at a dose of 6 mg kg-1 was studied in 11 infected patients under continuous arterio-venous haemofiltration (CAVH). Serum teicoplanin levels were assayed by h.p.

Epidemiological study by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of an outbreak of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a geriatric hospital.

Twelve cases of infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBla)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were reported between August 1991 and March 1993 in the Geriatric Department of the Nimes University Hospital, where these bacterial had not been previously isolated. Restriction profiles of total genomic DNAs cleaved by XbaI and SpeI were compared by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The strains that were tested included the 12 isolates from K.

[Ofloxacin (RU 43280). Clinical study].

Thirty-two patients were treated by ofloxacin on bacteriological documented infections. They were Enterobacterias: n = 15 (MIC less than or equal to 0.06 to 0.

[Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriaemia: new clinical and therapeutic aspects ].

Fifty one cases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriaemia observed during the last 12 years are reported. Thirty five patients were over fifty years old; 92 p. cent were admitted for several days and about 50 p.

[Pharmacokinetic and clinical investigation of amoxicillin administered intravenously in the newborn ].

Neonatal antibiotherapy involves special requirements which justify carrying out a clinical and pharmacokinetic investigation of amoxicillin. Our study concerns 34 newborn babies prone to infection divided in 3 groups: 26 newborns at gestational age; 6 hypotrophic and slightly premature newborns (age: 34 at 37 weeks); 1 highly premature baby (28 weeks, 0,9 kg). After direct IV drip of 33 mg/kg, 4 plasma concentrations analyses at time 0,5 1, 3, 8 hours, as well as an analysis of the urine from 0 to 8 hours are carried out by method of disk diffusion in nutrient agar.

[Nature and antibiotic resistance of bacteria encountered in an intensive care unit. Computerized study based on 422 antibiograms].

A computer analysis of 422 sheets of data from antibiograms performed on 146 patients in a resuscitation unit of multipurpose type, was performed. The study comprises the investigation of the nature of the isolated bacteria and the resistance of the organisms to antibiotics alone or in combinations. The results obtained show on the one hand, that there is a development over time of resistance to antibiotics and a change in the nature of the bacteria, and on the other, that a precise knowledge of the bacteriological data concerning a given department enables the intiation of treatment before having the antibiogram results with an increased chance of efficacy.