[Island flaps of the face].

The authors recall their experience about 42 cases of island flaps for surgical defects after dermatologic epithelioma of the face. Surgical technic is described, the design, implementation and anatomy of subcutaneous flap are discussed and illustrated.

[Treatment of Dubreuilh's melanosis. Apropos of 30 cases].

Dubreuilh's melanosis or circumscribed melanosis is a current disease of the old patient's face. The therapeutical attitude should be surgical and as earlier as possible. A 5 millimeter cutaneous margin must be resected around this lesion.

[Multiple congenital esophago-tracheal fistulas (excluding atresia of the esophagus). Review of the literature, apropos of a new case].

Congenital tracheoesophageal fistulas (CTOF) without esophageal atresia are uncommon and exceptional when multiple. Authors report a new personal case treated in two times. Others eight cases in literature are studied.

[Lyme disease, an infectious cause of facial paralysis. Apropos of a case].

A case of facial palsy first unilateral then bilateral, due to Lyme disease, is reported. This disease, transmitted by ticks, is caused by a spirochete (Borrelia burgdorferi) known as the etiologic agent since 1982.

[The role of cytomegalovirus in infantile deafness and deafness of unknown origin].

It is widely accepted that the cause of congenital deafness is genetic in one third of cases roughly, is due to acquired affections during pregnancy or delivery in another third and remains unknown in the last third. It is possible that the cytomegalovirus (CMV) plays an important role in the latter group. The CMV is thought to be involved in 10 to 30% of cases of auditory sequelae from fetal infection, either severe neonatal CMV-induced disease, which is rare, or the frequent subclinical infections affecting an average of 1% of newborn infants.

[Diastema or laryngeal or posterior laryngotracheal cleft. Analysis of 16 cases].

Laryngeal diastema or laryngeal or posterior laryngotracheal cleft is a rare congenital malformation producing an aerodigestive communication of abnormal location which leads to severe or even fatal respiratory and infective complications. Findings in 16 cases are presented and the characteristics and particular problems of treatment of this malformation discussed. Diagnosis is presently based on results of microlaryngoscopic examination.

[Diagnostic endoscopy in congenital tracheobronchial abnormalities].

High quality of anesthesia and efficiency of light sources and optical systems now allow safe examination of upper respiratory tract and ability to give very precise informations in neonates and infants. Endoscopy now is then an essential procedure for diagnostic of congenital anomalies of respiratory tract. The necessary conditions for a safe examination and the necessity of complete exploration (Polyendoscopy) are exposed as well as endoscopic aspects of various congenital anomalies.

[J. Evan's operation for stenosis caused by cricoid chondronecrosis].

Five further cases of subglottic stenosis after intubation are reported. Lesions were due to chondrolysis of the cricoid cartilage: associating an Evans type anterior laryngotracheoplasty (the principle of which is recalled) with the posterior cricoid incision of the Rethi-Aboulker type produced a marked improvement in the results of posterior laryngoplasty performed alone.

[Endobronchial hemostasis with a Fogarthy catheter].

In a case of profuse and persistent traumatic haemoptysis uncontrolled by thoracotomy, haemostasis was achieved by introducing a Fogarthy's catheter under bronchoscopy into the bronchus involved. Some practical details facilitating the procedure are given, e.g.

[Use of tomodensitometry in the evaluation of the extension of certain laryngeal cancers].

Radiopathological examinations were conducted on a frozen laryngeal specimen to determine its characteristics as seen on the CT scan image. Results of CT scan imaging of 37 patients with laryngeal cancer were then compared with results of clinicopathological examination in 20 cases (after fixation and decalcification, the 20 samples were sectioned in axial planes reproducing those of the CT scan as for as possible). The results of computed tomography are conclusive for investigation of tumoral extension to the hyothyo-epiglottic space, and may lead to modification of therapy; they are of marked value for assessment of tumoral extension to the laryngeal cartilages, with the reservation that ossification of these cartilages must be taken into account.

[Cervicofacial infections due to atypical mycobacteria and tuberculous lymph nodes].

Cold abscesses in the cervical region, without associated general and functional signs, may be tuberculous lymph nodes or infected foci due to atypical mycobacteria. In the former, long-term antibiotic therapy, possibly followed by surgery conducted under conditions applicable to curettage for these lesions, is formally indicated. Treatment is of only moderate value in the second case, and spontaneous healing without other than esthetic sequelae usually occurs.