[Enflurane and extracorporeal circulation. Peripheral vascular effects and consequences of hypothermia on its biotransformation].

The effects of enflurane on systemic vascular resistance and venous capacitance, and its biotransformation during hypothermia, were studied in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery with enflurane anaesthesia. When administered during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), cardiac regulatory mechanisms being therefore excluded, enflurane induced an arteriolar vasodilation related to the concentration inhaled. An inspired concentration of 2.

Variations in plasma thyroxine-binding prealbumin (TBPA) in relation to other circulating proteins in post-operative patients during rapid oral refeeding.

Variations in plasma thyroxine-binding prealbumin (TBPA) were investigated in 15 well-nourished patients who underwent minor orthopaedic surgery and resumed normal oral feeding on the first post-operative day. TBPA fluctuations were analysed together with those of other nutritional and inflammatory markers including albumin (ALB), some acute-phase reactant proteins, C-reactive protein (CRP), orosomucoid also named alpha 1-acid-glycoprotein (alpha 1GP), alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) as well as cortisol and haematocrit. Measurements were conducted the day before operation, after the administration of anaesthesia, 2 h after the patient regained consciousness and then daily for a period of one week (days 1 to 7).

Cardiac arrest related to anaesthesia: a prospective survey in France (1978-1982).

This report analyses the rate, predisposing factors, causes and outcome of 119 cardiac arrests related (totally or partially) to anaesthesia which were collected in France by a national prospective survey performed between 1978 and 1982. The overall rate of cardiac arrests occurring during anaesthesia and recovery was 1 per 1665 anaesthetics, resulting in death, before the 24th postoperative hour, in 56% of cases, i.e.

[Prevention of postoperative anaerobic infections. Economic significance of metronidazole suppositories].

Metronidazole is widely used in the preventive and curative treatment of post-operative anaerobic infections. As the intravenous form is very expensive, a 1 g suppository has been developed. The pharmacokinetics of metronidazole injection and suppository was studied comparatively in 10 healthy subjects.

[Multifactorial index of the risk of complications related to anesthesia].

Anaesthetic risk has been studied until now only in terms of mortality rates, and by single factor analysis. A multifactorial index of anaesthetic risk, taking into account all major complications related to anaesthesia that occur during--or within 24 hours of--surgery is proposed. Data were collected in a prospective survey among a representative sample of anaesthesias.

[Anesthesia and intensive care in cardiac surgery. Activity at the French centers in 1982].

A national survey was carried out to inquire about the practice of anaesthesia and surgical intensive care in cardiac surgery in French hospitals. In 1982, 15,797 surgical procedures with cardiopulmonary bypass were collected; 1,360 and 555 were performed in children and infants respectively. Coronary surgery accounted for 46% of the total.

Effects of flunitrazepam on left ventricular performance, coronary haemodynamics and myocardial metabolism in patients with coronary artery disease.

The effects of flunitrazepam 15 micrograms kg-1, on left ventricular (LV) performance, coronary sinus blood flow (CSBF), myocardial oxygen uptake and myocardial lactate balance were studied in nine patients with coronary artery disease undergoing cardiac catheterization. Flunitrazepam produced a decrease in mean aortic pressure (MAP) and in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) with maximal changes from control value observed at 15 min for MAP and at 5 min for SVR. No change in cardiac index was observed.

Effects of droperidol on respiratory drive in humans.

The sensitivity of the respiratory center following a single 0.3 mg X kg-1 iv dose of droperidol was determined in eight healthy volunteers by using carbon dioxide (CO2) rebreathing and mouth occlusion pressure measurements (P0.1).

[Anesthesia in patient with the ventricular pre-excitation syndrome].

The Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome or its variant, the pre-excitation syndrome, are described in about 1.2 per 1000 of the population, so the anaesthetic management of patients with this syndrome is important. Our experience is reported in 15 elective operations on seven patients with pre-excitation syndrome.

[Preoperative measurement of blood volume in patients before undergoing an aortocoronary bypass].

Preoperative measurement of blood volume was performed in 35 patients undergoing coronary arterial bypass grafts. The patients were divided in two groups according to the preoperative blood volume measurement : normal (group I) and decreased (group II) blood volume. Cardiac filling pressures were measured with a Swan-Ganz catheter prior to induction of anaesthesia in all patients.

Analytical model of some pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of fazadinium in man.

The neuromuscular blocking characteristics and plasma concentration decay of fazadinium bromide, a short acting, non-depolarizing muscular relaxant, were simultaneously observed under standardised conditions in 6 healthy, anaesthetized, adult patients. The results were analyzed by a new pharmacodynamic model, which takes into account certain relationships describing the binding of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents and the postsynaptic receptor occupation ratio. According to the simultaneous performed, the pharmacodynamic parameters determined: KB-apparent value of equilibrium constant of fazadinium--receptors exchange (mean +/- SEM) 0.

Effects of droperidol on left ventricular performance in humans.

The action of droperidol on left ventricular (LV) performance was examined before angiography in nine unpremedicated patients undergoing cardiac catheterization for stable uncomplicated coronary artery disease. Using local anesthesia, catheters were placed in the left ventricle, thoracic aorta, and pulmonary artery. Cardiac output (CO) and LV pressure derivatives were measured before and 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 min after intravenous administration of 0.

Evolution of single twitch and train-of-four responses and of tetanic fade in relation to plasma concentrations of fazadinium in man.

The evolution of single twitch and train-of-four (2 Hz) responses and tetanic fade (100 Hz) in relation to plasma concentration of fazadinium was determined during stable anesthesia (fentanyl-N2O) in six healthy adult patients after a bolus injection of 0.75 mg/kg of fazadinium. The interval between injection and 50% recovery and the corresponding fazadinium plasma concentrations were (mean +/- SEM): 47 +/- 4 minutes and 1.

Depression of respiratory drive by diazepam as premedication.

The respiratory effects of premedication with i.v. injection of diazepam have been assessed in 10 healthy patients awaiting minor operative procedures.

Relationship between decay of plasma concentration of fazadinium and recovery from its neuromuscular blocking effect.

The relationship of the time-course of the decay of plasma concentration of fazadinium and neuromuscular block has been investigated after i.v. administration of 0.

Effects of fentanyl on respiratory pressure-volume relationship in supine anesthetized children.

The effects of fentanyl on total respiratory pressure-volume relationship were studied in 12 supine, anesthetized (thiopental, succinylcholine, halothane, N2O/O2) children, 5, 10 and 15 min after administration of fentanyl, 3 micrograms/kg (Group F) and at similar intervals in 11 control, anesthetized children who did not receive fentanyl (Group C). Lung and chest wall pressure-volume relationships were measured in five children from Group F and in six from Group C. Compliance values were estimated from the linear part of PVR curves.